RESUMEN
To define avian influenza virus prevalence in wild birds in Bavaria, 12,930 tracheal, cloacal swabs or tissue samples from various waterfowl species were screened between January 2006 and December 2007. In 291 (2.3%) birds, genomes of influenza A viruses were detected by reverse transcription real-time PCR (rRT-PCR) targeting the matrix protein genes. Furthermore, solitary H5 hemagglutinin or N1 neuraminidase encoding genes were identified in 35 (0.3%) apparently healthy birds; whereas highly pathogenic (HPAI) H5N1 virus genomes were only diagnosed in dead wild birds (n = 93; 0.7%) found across this federal state region. In this study, multiple import events for H5N1 viruses were confirmed during 2006 and 2007. In addition, our findings argue against an existing HPAI H5N1 reservoir in aquatic birds in Bavaria. By contrast, phylogenetic analyses of the H5 or N1 sequences of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses revealed a marked diversity and multiple genetic lineages. This diversity of LPAI H5 and N1 subtype components indicates the existence of LPAI HA and NA gene pools which differ from the Bavarian HPAI H5N1. Moreover, the hemagglutinin amino acid differences between LPAI H5 viruses of a western European genotypic lineage observed in wild birds suggest a continuous evolution of LPAI viruses in Bavaria.
Asunto(s)
Aves/virología , Glicoproteínas Hemaglutininas del Virus de la Influenza/genética , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Gripe Aviar/virología , Neuraminidasa/genética , Animales , Animales Salvajes/virología , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Genoma Viral , Alemania/epidemiología , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/clasificación , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Virus de la Influenza A/clasificación , Gripe Aviar/epidemiología , Gripe Aviar/genética , Filogenia , Prevalencia , ARN Viral/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa/métodos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa/veterinaria , Alineación de SecuenciaRESUMEN
Multicentric mast cell tumours in a newborn Fleckvieh-calf are described. The calf showed clearly pronounced lesions over the whole body. The lesions were multiple raised, cutaneous, greyisch-red and partially ulcerated. It died three hours after birth. Pathohistological examinations resulted in multiple mast cell tumours within the dermis. In addition multifocal to diffuse mast cell aggregations were observed in several internal organs including the lymph nodes and the bone marrow. No evidence for the presence of bovine leukemia virus was found by both investigating a lymph node homogenate of the calf and a blood sample of the mother cow. In this paper the pathomorphology of this rare disease is described, a possible cause is discussed and a short review of the available literature is presented.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Mastocitosis Cutánea/veterinaria , Neoplasias Cutáneas/veterinaria , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Bovinos , Resultado Fatal , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Masculino , Mastocitosis Cutánea/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patologíaRESUMEN
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) seems to cause reproductive failure in sows not only in experimental studies. A retrospective study was made with a total of 252 aborted fetuses, mummified fetuses, stillborn and nonviable neonatal piglets to determine the presence of PCV2, porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) by PCR. PCV2 was found in all stages of gestation in 27.1 percent of samples examined. A statistically significant association could be shown between the detection of PCV2 and PRRSV. However, no significant association was seen between the detection of PCV2 and PPV and between PPV and PRRSV.
