[Justifying standards of workup in patients with occupational polyneuropathy caused by physical overload].

The authors examined algorithm of investigations in occupational pathology centers for suspected occupational polyneuropathy due to physical overload. Suggestions included a procedure to investigate the patients, including medical specialists consultations, set of laboratory and instrumental studies divided into obligatory and by special indications.

[Evaluation of risk factors for neurosensory deafness in workers engaged into gas transport enterprise in Far North].

Complex study of health state covered 666 workers of gas transport enterprise situated in Far North of Russian Federation, revealed risk factors of neurosensory deafness. Neurosensory deafness risk depends on intensity of occupational noise and length of service under exposure to noise, on worker's age, presence of arterial hypertension and type of lipid metabolism disorders. The study found no correlation between neurosensory deafness risk and duration of residence in Far North. The authors suggested a mathematic model to evaluate risk of neurosensory deafness.

[Changes in clinical indices in patients in predisposition for pathological cicatrices formation].

Prophylaxis of ocurrence of pathological cutaneous cicatrices is one of actual problems of plastic surgery of head and neck. Cicatricial changes of tissues, as a consequence of operative interventions and various damaging causes (mechanical, thermal and chemical impact, ionizing irradiation, deep destructive inflammation), were depicted. Propensity for formation of pathological cicatrices we consider as the organism state, in which cicatricial changes occur as an answer for minimal trauma or spontaneously. Detailed analysis of fundamental issues and periodical scientific publications witness the insufficient substantiation of this issue.

[Evaluating dependency of medical rehabilitation results in occupational polyneuropathy patiens on treatment strategy and work conditions].

The authors evaluated efficiency of rehabilitation in patients with upper limbs occupational polyneuropathy, in accordance with length of service under physical overstrain. The study was based on follow-up of 268 patients. Treatment was initiated after the patients discontinued work hazardous for health. Drug and sanatorium treatment was effective in 67-86% of patients (with differences in occupational groups). The effect was only transitory (for 15-60 days) decrease of the disease clinical manifestations. Rehabilitation prognosis was reliably better in patients who worked during the disease development in conditions with number of stereotypic working movements of hands within hygienic norms. The treatment efficiency is reliably higher when started at younger age, regular drug and sanatorium treatment for many years. Placement of the patients on jobs avoiding physical overstrain enabled nowadays to prevent progression of occupational polyneuropathy.

[Legal and methodologic problems of assessing relationships between diseases and occupational activities].

The article covers improvement of examination methods aimed to assess relationship between disease and occupation. The authors describe the most topical problems of this examination, not considered by operating regulatory acts, and possible ways to improve: unify the regulations determining criteria of relationships between disease and occupation, give arbitration functions to some occupational centers for resolving conflict and ambivalent examination situations about relationships between disease and occupation, presumption of employer's guilt principle to be implicated into examination concerning relationships between disease and occupation in the case of the employer's inability to justify safe working conditions for the diseased worker who has probable occupational disorder signs.

[The risk factors and analysis of complications after regenerative interventions in surgery of oral cavity].

Most spreaded risk factors in reconstructive and plastic surgery of oral cavity were analyzed. Trustworthy monitoring of rate of the complications occurrence in augmentation of the jaws bones was conducted, depending on the risk factor.

[Comparative description and retrospective analisis of modern methods of surgical wounds closure for intraoperative prophylaxis of development of pathologic cutaneous cicatrices].

The experience of application of various methods of closure was presented for the head and neck cutaneous wound surfaces after elective operative interventions. The variant of the postoperative results estimation and optimization of the wounds healing by primary closure was proposed.

[Features of chronic pancreatitis pathomorphism in the validity of surgical approaches].

The results of examination and surgical treatment of 298 patients with chronic pancreatitis and the original morphological investigations of material of the pancreas were studied. The data allowed the detection of additional criteria features of inclusion of the patients with chronic pancreatitis to be made in groups according to foreign Marseilles-Roman classification (1988). It is shown, that the basis of study of morphogenesis of chronic pancreatitis is immunohistochemical method, which let the authors diagnose not only the pathological changes of exo- and endocrine sections of pancreas, but at the same time the structural features of nervous apparatus and vessels of microcircular bed. The revealed morphological features of different forms of chronic pancreatitis vs clinical finding characteristics and the data of instrumental and laboratory methods of research allow the substantiation of surgical treatment version to be made.

[Methodology of occupational fitness examination: problems and ways to solutions].

The article covers improvement of occupational fitness examination methodology in workers exposed to occupational hazards, based on longstanding experience of practical work in industrial medicine. The authors examined main causes of controversies and conflict situations in occupational fitness examination, possible ways to solve the problems in accordance with contemporary evidence-based medicine principles.

[Enamel structure of atypically formed human teeth].

Using light and scanning electron microscopy thin epoxide processed sections of 12 impacted third molars, one molar developed in odontogenic follicular cyst and one tooth-like teratoma were studied. It was established that the 4 impacted teeth and the tooth developed in odontogenic follicular cyst had obvious signs of enamel damage in the form of erosion in the crown fissures. The features of enamel alteration make it possible to interpret the changes as carious process which apparently has endogenous origin. Tooth-like teratoma extracted from ovarian dermoid cyst looked like canine and incisor "hybrid" coronal portion of which is covered with thin enamel layer, marked by obvious signs of multiple erosive lesions of endogenous nature. But unlike alterations in impacted teeth it resembles either fluorosis or enamel hypoplasia.

[On results of operative conference of pulmonologists and occupational therapists in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region, concerning the topic "Justifying changes in "Occupational Diseases list" according to respiratory disease classification and global strategies of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COLD) and bronchial asthma (GINA)"].

Results of operative conference of North-West Russia pulmonologists and occupational therapists were summarized and covered improvement of current list of occupational diseases. Resolution of the operative conference on the problem is presented.

[The precursors of N-nitroso compounds in the drinking water and digestive system malignancy morbidity rates in Tashkent].

The authors have studied a correlation between the intake of the precursors of N-nitroso compounds from drinking water in Tashkent residents and the digestive malignancy morbidity rates. With the average urban value of 4.1-6.6 mg/l, the drinking water levels of nitrates are found to vary in different administrative districts of Tashkent: the highest values (range 73-20.3 mg/l) are annually recorded in the Khamzin and Yakkasaray districts and the lowest ones (1.0-1.4 mg/l) in the Yunusabad, Shaikhantakhur, Mirzo-ulugbek, and Uchtepin districts. There is a direct average correlation (r = 0.5-0.6) between the intake of nitrates and the digestive malignancy morbidity rates in the majority of administrative districts of the city and a high one (r = 0.7-0.9) when the values are compared, by taking into account the 3-5 year delay effect.

[Evaluating efficiency of rehabilitation in patients with occupational vegetative sensory polyneuropathies caused by physical overstrain].

Analysis of medical and occupational rehabilitation efficiency in patients with occupational polyneuropathies caused by physical overstrain revealed that most patients show persistent symptoms and ineffective occupational rehabilitation in spite of regular medical and sanatorium-and-spa treatment.

[Psychophysiological factors of maintaining mental health in individuals with extreme professions].

The research aims to establish psychophysiological factors of maintaining health in individuals, in whose professional activities on the substantial level there is an extreme component. During the research it was established that the effective work of regulatory mechanisms contributes to the formation of the mental health, which stability is not a factor contributing to the restoration of psychophysiological resources.

[Peculiarities of psychophysiological status of flying staff of fighter aircraft of land basing].

It was investigated the influence of professional activity on psychophysiological peculiarities of fighter pilot of different types of aircraft of land basing and afloat aircraft. As a result of investigation, it was determined that on base of social parameters they are equal. Airmen of the aviation of land basing have a similar personality profile, but different types of interpersonal relations. Station of depletion among airmen of the aviation of land basing was absent. Among airmen of afloat aircraft every third had a forming stage of depletion, characterized by emotional deficit, personal suspension, psychosomatic and psychovegetative disorders.

A method for making histological preparations equivalent to semithin sections with large examination areas for multipurpose morphological studies.

Effective methods for making semithin sections of large surface area are not currently available. An alternative solution to this problem, without actual histological section preparation, is proposed. This is a modification of a combination of methods for fixing tissues and embedding them in epoxide resin using known technical methods. This method for making preparations for microscopic examination of biological objects with large surface areas has additional valuable potential, as it allows investigations of a variety of complexes of soft and hard (cartilaginous and bony) tissues without prior decalcination.

[Method of producing histological preparations, equivalent to the large-area semithin sections, for multipurpose morphological studies].

The effective methods for producing large-area semithin sections are presently still unavailable. The method is suggested to alternatively solve this problem without the very procedure of histological sectioning. It includes a modified combination of the methods of tissue fixation and embedding in epoxy resin with the known technique of preparing the ground sections. This method of slide preparation for the microscopical study of large area biological objects gives an additional valuable opportunity, since it allows to study heterogeneous complexes consisting of soft and hard (cartilaginous and bone) tissues without their prior decalcination.

[Dental enamel structure and its relation to dentine].

New information on microscopic and ultrastructural architectonics of human dental enamel and its relation to dentin is presented. Enamel consolidation with dentin is mediated by borderline layer of calcificated substance having fibrous structure.