RESUMEN
FRILEUX, M., BOLTRI M. and al. Cognition and Gut microbiota in schizophrenia spectrum and mood disorders: a Systematic Review. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV (1) 2024 Schizophrenia spectrum disorders and major mood disorders are associated with cognitive impairments. Recent studies suggest a link between gut microbiota composition and cognitive functioning. Here, we review the relationship between gut microbiota and cognition in these disorders. To do this, we conducted a systematic review, searching Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EBSCOhost, Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were included if they investigated the relationship between gut microbiota composition and cognitive function through neuropsychological assessments in patients with bipolar, depressive, schizophrenia spectrum, and other psychotic disorders. Ten studies were identified. Findings underscore a link between gut dysbiosis and cognitive impairment. This relationship identified specific taxa (Haemophilus, Bacteroides, and Alistipes) as potential contributors to bolstered cognitive performance. Conversely, Candida albicans, Toxoplasma gondii, Streptococcus and Deinococcus were associated with diminished performance on cognitive assessments. Prebiotics and probiotics interventions were associated with cognitive enhancements, particularly executive functions. These results emphasize the role of gut microbiota in cognition, prompting further exploration of the underlying mechanisms paving the way toward precision psychiatry.
Asunto(s)
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Trastornos del Humor , Esquizofrenia , Humanos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Esquizofrenia/microbiología , Esquizofrenia/fisiopatología , Trastornos del Humor/microbiología , Trastornos del Humor/etiología , Cognición/fisiología , Disfunción Cognitiva/microbiología , Disfunción Cognitiva/etiología , Disfunción Cognitiva/fisiopatología , Disbiosis/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Mama/patología , Mastectomía/métodos , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertrofia/cirugía , Mamoplastia/métodosRESUMEN
A vascularised bone segment of the distal radius was harvested as a distally based flap to treat segmental metacarpal bone loss in three patients. One reconstruction followed resection of a giant cell tumour excision and the other two were to replace traumatic bone loss. The bone defects were in the second metacarpal in two cases and in the second and third metacarpal in one case and included three shaft and one distal metacarpal reconstruction. The mean length of the metacarpal defects was 6 cm. All of the flaps survived and no complications occurred at the donor site. Clinical and radiological union was established in all cases after an average of 3 months.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/cirugía , Trasplante Óseo , Fracturas Abiertas/cirugía , Tumor Óseo de Células Gigantes/cirugía , Traumatismos de la Mano/cirugía , Huesos del Metacarpo/lesiones , Huesos del Metacarpo/cirugía , Microcirugia , Colgajos Quirúrgicos/irrigación sanguínea , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/cirugía , Adulto , Neoplasias Óseas/diagnóstico por imagen , Placas Óseas , Femenino , Fracturas Abiertas/diagnóstico por imagen , Tumor Óseo de Células Gigantes/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos de la Mano/diagnóstico por imagen , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Huesos del Metacarpo/diagnóstico por imagen , Persona de Mediana Edad , Arteria Radial/cirugía , Radiografía , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/cirugía , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
We present our experience with augmentation mammaplasty on 14 patients with a thin chest wall and poor subcutaneous tissue. Thanks to Polytech Silimed code 20675, a new anatomical prosthesis filled with "soft" cohesive gel, the lodging in a subglandular position was possible without anomalous salience in the upper pole, and a more natural mammary profile was achieved without capsular contracture, dislocation, or misplacement of the mammary implants.
Asunto(s)
Implantación de Mama/métodos , Implantes de Mama , Adulto , Estética , Femenino , Geles , Humanos , Diseño de Prótesis , Siliconas , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A group of 20 patients underwent plastic surgery for inguinal hernia. In 10 cases the incision was sutured using a traditional technique, whereas in 10 cases the wound was joined using Fasterzip. The cosmetic appearance of the wound in the two groups was compared at 8, 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. It was found that the use of Fasterzip was significantly better during the initial phase, but as the scarring process progressed, the differences became less evident.
Asunto(s)
Hernia Inguinal/cirugía , Técnicas de Sutura , Adulto , Anciano , Estética , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
A new mechanical suturing device called Fasterzip was used in three groups of patients of both sexes undergoing surgery for cholelithiasis, inguinal hernia and appendicitis. The use and removal of the device was very fast and easy. Clinical controls were performed 3, 8, 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. In all cases, the scarring process took places in a physiological manner and resulted in the healing of the skin wound with excellent results from a cosmetic point of view.
Asunto(s)
Músculos Abdominales/cirugía , Técnicas de Sutura , Cicatrización de Heridas , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Apendicitis/cirugía , Colecistectomía/métodos , Colecistitis/cirugía , Femenino , Hernia Inguinal/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The difficulties which arise when performing VLC in obese patients primarily concern the induction of pneumoperitoneum and the use of normal surgical instruments. This is due to the thickness of the abdominal wall and the scarce anchorage of the cutis and subcutis to the musculo-fascia level. Two technical variations of pneumoperitoneum are proposed in order to overcome the first problem, whereas with regard to the latter the authors suggest moving the trocar insertion points towards the site of the gallbladder.
Asunto(s)
Colecistectomía Laparoscópica/métodos , Obesidad/complicaciones , Grabación en Video , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
A case of paraganglioma situated between right renal vein, right renal artery and inferior vena cava is here with described. The report constitutes the rise to frame with precision the tumor according with WHO classification. Moreover criteria are to be discussed for nature and seat diagnosis, as well for the choice of the best way of access.
Asunto(s)
Paraganglioma/cirugía , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Paraganglioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Paraganglioma/patología , Arteria Renal , Venas Renales , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/patología , Factores de Tiempo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Vena Cava InferiorRESUMEN
The authors examine the prophylaxis of infections caused by cholelithiasis in kidney and heart transplant candidates as a new indication for videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy (VLC). The study included 6 patients in dialysis for chronic renal insufficiency and one patient suffering from cyanogenic congenital cardiopathy with asymptomatic gallbladder calculosis. The results obtained show that there are no substantial differences compared to patients without associated pathologies and justifies the inclusion of "prophylactic" VLC in preparatory treatment protocols for kidney and heart transplant in patients suffering from cholelithiasis. The authors emphasise the necessary technical measures to prevent hemorrhage, intraoperative loss of CO2 and postoperative laparoceles.