RESUMEN
Brazil stands out as the largest producer of sour passion fruit; however, the water available for irrigation is mostly saline, which can limit its cultivation. This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effects of salicylic acid in the induction of tolerance in sour passion fruit to salt stress. The assay was conducted in a protected environment, using a completely randomized design in a split-plot scheme, with the levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.8, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2, and 4.0 dS m-1) considering the plots and concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6 mM) the subplots, with three replications. The physiological indices, production components, and postharvest quality of sour passion fruit were negatively affected by the increase in the electrical conductivity of irrigation water, and the effects of salt stress were intensified in the second cycle. In the first cycle, the foliar application of salicylic acid at concentrations between 1.0 and 1.4 mM partially reduced the harmful effects of salt stress on the relative water content of leaves, electrolyte leakage, gas exchange, and synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, in addition to promoting an increase in the yield and quality parameters of sour passion fruit.
RESUMEN
Saline stress is a frequent phenomenon in the arid and semi-arid regions of the globe, affecting the agricultural production of these regions, and it is necessary to use strategies that minimize the impacts of saline stress under agriculture. This requires the incorporation of species, variety and genotypes tolerant to increase agricultural production in those regions. This study aimed to evaluate germination and initial growth of cowpea genotypes under salt stress. The experimental design was completely randomized in 19 x 3 factorial scheme, composed of nineteen cowpea cultivars and three osmotic potentials, with four replicates of 50 seeds each. The germination test lasted for eight days, when the seeds were evaluated for germination percentage, germination speed index, length of shoot and root, accumulation of dry mass of shoot and root. The increase in salinity affected germination and initial growth of the cowpea genotypes. The genotypes 6 - MNCO2-689F-2-8, 10 - MNCO2-675F-4-10, 12 - MNCO3-737F-5-9, 16 - MNCO2-677F-2, 18 - BRS-Pajeú and 19 Paulistinha exhibited higher tolerance to salt stress in the stage of germination and initial growth. The genotypes 11 - MNCO2-675F-9-5, 13 - BRS-Tumucumaque, 15 - MNCO3-736F-7 and 17 - BR17-Gurgueia were more susceptible to the effects of salt stress in the stage of germination and initial growth.
O estresse salino é um fenômeno frequente em regiões áridas e semiáridas do globo, afetando a produção agrícola dessas regiões, sendo necessário lançar mão de estratégias que minimizem os impactos do estresse salino sob agricultura, para isso é necessário a incorporação de espécies, variedade e genótipos tolerantes para aumentar a produção nessas regiões. Assim, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar a germinação e o crescimento inicial de genótipos de feijão-caupi sob estresse salino. Utilizou-se de um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 19 x 3, constituído de dezenove cultivares de feijão-caupi e três potenciais osmóticos, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes cada. O teste de germinação teve duração de oito dias, quando as sementes foram avaliadas a quanto à percentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz, acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz. O aumento da salinidade afetou a germinação e o crescimento inicial dos genótipos de feijãocaupi. Os genótipos 6 - MNCO2-689F-2-8, 10 - MNCO2-675F-4-10, 12 - MNCO3-737F-5-9; 16 - MNCO2-677F-2; 18 - BRS-Pajeú e 19 Paulistinha apresentaram maior tolerância ao estresse salino na fase de germinação e crescimento inicial. Os genótipos 11 - MNCO2-675F-9-5, 13 - BRS-Tumucumaque; 15 - MNCO3-736F-7 e 17 - BR17-Gurgueia foram mais suscetíveis aos efeitos do estresse salino na fase de germinação e crescimento inicial
