[The comparative characteristics of the peroxidase conjugates used in Soviet immunoenzyme test systems for detecting HIV antibodies]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika peroksidaznykh kon''iugatov, primeneniaemykh v otechestvennykh immunofermentnykh test-sistemakh dlia vyiavleniia antitel k VICh.

Five lots of peroxidase conjugates were studied in enzyme immunoassay systems "Recombinant-HIV" and "Peptoscreen-2" for detection of antibody to HIV. The conjugates differed from each other by the source of generation and methods of preparation. The conjugates were studied in biochemical tests and ELISA. When panels of sera from HIV-infected children and adults were employed, the advantages of using the anti-immunoglobulin conjugate over protein A-peroxidase conjugate were demonstrated, as the former increased the sensitivity of the test systems to HIV antibody detection.

[Combined experimental use of vaccine against acute human encephalomyelitis and immunomodulators]. / Kombinirovannoe primenenie v éksperimente vaktsiny protiv ostrogo éntsefalomielita cheloveka s immunomoduliatorami.

Combined use of vaccine and immunomodulators such as ridostin, inosiplex and polyribonate against acute encephalomyelitis of humans (AEMHs) was studied. It was shown that low immunogenic doses of the vaccine did not provide a protective action against the virus of AEMHs while after administration of the vaccine in combination with the immunomodulators there was protection in all the groups of the animals exposed to the low immunogenic doses of the vaccine during the first immunization. It was noted in regard to all the combinations of the immunomodulators and vaccine used in the low immunogenic doses that the level of the increase in the titer of the virus-specific antibodies, the proliferative activity to the specific antigen and mitogens and of interferon induction depended on the immunomodulator type. At the same time, it was found that the marked production of interferon within the first 24 hours observed after the use of the combination of inosiplex, ridostin and the vaccine resulted in increased activity of natural killer cells and lower proliferative activity of cells and production of virus-specific antibodies. This was indicative of the necessity of choosing the immunomodulators, their doses and time of the administration in relation to the immunization.

[The evaluation of a commercial EIA test system for determining the specific activity of antiherpetic preparations]. / Otsenka kommercheskoi test-sistemy IFA dlia opredeleniia spetsificheskoi aktivnosti protivogerpeticheskikh preparatov.

The data on the use of a commercial EIA test system for detection of antibodies in control of preparations against herpes simplex and cytomegaloviruses are presented. The enzyme immunoassay test system for antibody determinations to herpes simplex virus produced by the Odessa bacterial preparations enterprise was shown to be suitable for determination of the specific potency (antigenicity) of herpes simplex vaccine. The advantages of this method over the currently used neutralization test were established. Titration of commercial immunoglobulins detects lots with high litres of antibody to herpes simplex virus. For the same purpose, lots of commercial immunoglobulins were tested for antibodies to cytomegalovirus using a West Germany test-system (Behring). It is concluded that enzyme immunoassay test systems for antibody determinations may be used for screening of lots of immunoglobulins of special effects (against herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus infections) both at the stage of serum and final preparation screening.

[Immunogenicity and stability of a Soviet inactivated cultured vaccine against Japanese encephalitis]. / Immunogennost' i stabil'nost' otechestvennoi kul'tural'noi inaktivirovannoi vaktsiny protiv iaponskogo éntsefalita.

Six immunologically active vaccine batches inducing a specific antibody to Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus were obtained in serial manufacture of the preparation. In HI tests, the minimal antibody titre was 1:80, the maximal 1:320, neutralization index 1g was 3.7 to 5.2. The data on the stability of the antigenic potency of the vaccines in relation to the duration of storage at 4 degrees-6 degrees C are presented (the follow-up period 3 years). A certain relationship was found between the antigenic potency of the preparation and the titre of the initial infectious tissue culture virus. Also, a definite correlation was found between the initial immunogenic potency of the vaccines and their stability in storage. After 3 years of storage, three vaccine lots remained antigenically active, namely those which after manufacture had induced antihemagglutinins in titres 1:160 to 1:320. The antigenic activity of 6 vaccine batches prepared from the production strain Peking-1 (Nakayama serotype) was studied against the predominant strain of Jagar-10 serotype. All the freshly prepared vaccine batches were found to induce production of antihemagglutinins to both serotypes of JE virus, whereas virus-neutralizing antibodies were found only to the test strain Nakajama-NIH homologous to the vaccine Peking-1 strain. After 1 year of storage, four vaccine batches lost their capacity to induce production of antihemagglutinins to Jagar-01 strain, two batches induced antibody in low titres. This fact should be considered in evaluation of postvaccination immunity status in humans.

[Use of inbred mice for assessing the neurovirulence of strains of the tick-borne encephalitis virus complex and the immunogenicity of a concentrated tick-borne encephalitis vaccine]. / Ispol'zovanie inbrednykh myshei dlia otsenki neirovirulentnosti shtammov virusov kompleksa kleshchevogo éntsefalita i immunogennosti kontsentrirovannoi vaktsiny kleshchevogo éntsefalita.

The sensitivity of different lines of inbred mice to strains of the tick-borne encephalitis complex viruses differing in their biological properties and the degree of attenuation was compared. The mice differing in their genetic characteristics and susceptibility to extraneurally inoculated virus were shown to have different immunological responsiveness to inoculation of an inactivated vaccine antigen.

[Standardization of preparations intended for the serodiagnosis of arboviruses]. / Standartizatsiia preparatov, prednaznachenykh dlia serodiagnostiki arbovirusov.

As the result of our research work, 3 reference preparations have been first obtained and studied in accordance with all requirements of biological standardization. These preparations are the national standard of yellow fever antiserum and immune ascitic fluids (IAF) used as reference reagents: IAF to tick-borne encephalitis virus and IAF to Japanese encephalitis virus. The new preparations are stable, possess sufficient specific activity and can be used as standard preparations for the identification of the above-mentioned viruses.