Bilateral dolichoarteriopathy of internal carotid arteries as cause of bilateral ischemic strokes: Case report.

Most anatomic features of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are described as a straight course to the skull base free of branches. In some cases, the excessive elongation of the internal carotid artery in a confined space results in a curvature showing a "C" or "S" shape, or in an abnormal vascular shape made of a single or double vessel loop. These anatomic variants are called dolichoarteriopathies of the internal carotid artery. The correlation between dolichoarteriopathy of the ICA and stroke is still questionable, however it is believed that it can be associated with cerebral ischemia with a clinical symptomatology that accompanies ischemic stroke. We report a case of a 41-year-old patient, with a history of hypertension, who was admitted for right hemiparesis with Broca's aphasia. The rest of the clinical examination was normal. Radiological investigations confirmed an acute left sylvian ischemic stroke with an abrupt occlusion of the posterior trunk of the left M2 segment on the CT angiogram, an excessive elongation of the ICA on both sides, describing a shape of coils or loops. Etiologic workup for ischemic stroke was negative.

Peribiliary cysts: Two case reports.

Peribiliary cysts are an incidental finding in patients with advanced liver disease. They were found to be common in fibrocystic disorders such as autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and polycystic liver disease, as well as cirrhotic livers. They result from obstruction-induced cystic dilatation of the peribiliary glands. We report in this article the case of 2 patients, aged 41 and 71, smokers and chronic alcoholics, admitted for febrile cholestatic jaundice, for which MRI revealed the presence of peribiliary cysts.

Management of a recurrent stroke due to a carotid web.

Carotid web is a rare intraluminal parietal protrusion in the carotid artery. This vascular anomaly mostly occurs at the bifurcation causing turbulent flow, and is responsible of thrombi formation associated with embolic ischemic events. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman, with no medical history, who presented a recurrent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion within twelve hours caused by a carotid bulb web. Although considered as a rare entity, carotid web is associated with the risk of recurrent strokes in the MCA territory and especially in the absence of the typically recognized risk factors. The key imaging is the CT angiography that shows the web, the cerebral artery occlusion, and the outcome appreciation. Therapeutic strategy associates antithrombotic treatment and operative management with stenting of the carotid web or endarterectomy.

Ischemic stroke secondary to radiation-induced carotid artery stenosis.

INTRODUCTION: Large vessel vasculopathy, such as carotid stenosis, has been shown to be a side effect of radiotherapy (RT) and has received increasing attention especially in recent decades with the improvement of RT technology. These injuries can lead to a higher risk of cerebrovascular events such as ischemic stroke. The management of these lesions may be performed with surgical repair but also with endovascular technique. OBSERVATION: A 61-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department for an acute ischemic stroke. He was treated 16years prior for laryngeal tumor for which he had received 23 sessions of radiation therapy at the dose of 60Gy per session. The CT scan showed a radiation-induced stenosis of the right internal carotid artery with thrombosis of the right anterior cerebral artery and the right middle cerebral artery. The patient was treated with angioplasty of the right internal carotid artery with good outcome. CONCLUSION: Radiation-induced vasculopathy of the carotid artery has gained relevance in patients with head and neck neoplasms. These vascular lesions are associated with the risk of late cerebrovascular events.

A case report of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of cecum mimicking malignant wall thickening.

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) are an uncommon mesenchymal solid tumor commonly documented in children and young adults (Kim et al., 2012 [1]). Cecum is a rare location of this entity, may simulating a malignant tumor process. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 71 year old patient was admitted for pain in the right iliac fossa with chronic constipation evolving for two months associated with weight loss. As a diagnosic step, an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan was performed showing a thickening of the cecal wall. There was no regional or distant metastasis. During a colonoscopy, many biopsies have been returned to a non-specific chronic colitis; as a result, the IMT of the cecum was confirmed pathologically after ilio-coecal resection. DISCUSSION: IMT is difined as a solid mesenchymal tumor basically affects the soft parts as well as the visceral organs. The litterature show that frequent localisations are pulmonary and intra-orbital (Krzysztof Siemion et al., 23 February 2022); therefore, the cecal location is very rare may mimic a malignant tumor (Mauricio Gonzalez-Urquijo et al., January 20, 2020), It is worth recalling that the imaging outcomes are polymorphic and inconclusive; in addition, Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for IMT (Alireza Mirshemirani et al., Dec 2011) and the histopathology is still required for the final diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Radiologic features of IMT present a diagnostic challenge to the radiologist; also, mimic malignancy may lead to unnecessary investigations.

The Prognosis and Predictive Value of Estrogen Negative/Progesterone Positive (ER-/PR+) Phenotype: Experience of 1159 Primary Breast Cancer from a Single Institute.

Breast cancer is a serious worldwide public health problem and is currently the most common cancer overall. Its endocrine therapy is related to the expression of the steroid hormones, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR). Breast cancers can be presented under multiple profiles of steroid hormones: ER(-)/PR(+), ER(+)/PR(-), double-positive/negative ER, and PR. 2-8% of all breast cancers express only PR (ER-/PR+) which is an abnormal phenotype, with less known about their behaviors and outcomes. Our study was performed on a large and well-characterized database of primary breast cancer from 2012 to 2019, up to 1159 cases. These cases were divided according to ER and PR expression, as we put all of our focus on ER-negative/PR-positive group, more specifically ER-/PR+/HER2+ and ER-/PR+/HER2- gene expressions, to highlight their features and find a pattern that links HR (hormone receptors) profiles and breast cancer subtypes. Out of the informative cases, 94 patients (8%) had ER-/PR+ breast cancers, while 676 (58.4%) had ER+/PR+, 88 (7.6%) had ER+/PR-, and 164 (14.2%) had ER-/PR- tumors. The ER-/PR+ group was statistically correlated with a high risk of recurrence and death in midway between the double-negative and double-positive HR. According to HER2 status, a low DFS was observed in patients ER-/PR+/HER2-, which is closer to the DFS of TNBC cases but worse than ER+/PR any. On the other side, the ER-/PR+/HER2+ showed also a poorer DFS closer to the HER2+ subgroup in between TNBC and ER+/PR any. The clinicopathological features of the ER-/PR+/HER2- and ER-/PR+ HER2+ have distinguished the patients into two groups with a difference in some clinicopathological characteristics: both groups had closer OS estimation, which was worse than ER-/PR any and better than TNBC and HER2. The ER-/PR+/HER2- seems to increase the risk of recurrence than ER-/PR+/HER2+ when compared to ER+/PR any. On the other hand, the ER-/PR+/HER2+ seems to increase the risk of death more than ER-/PR+/HER2- in comparison with ER+/PR any. Our results support that ER-/PR+ tumors really exist and are rare and clinically and biologically distinct subtypes of breast cancer. In addition, our analysis, which was based on dividing the groups according to HER2 expression, has revealed the existence of two distinct groups; this gave the ER-/PR+ subgroup a heterogeneity characterization. Moreover, this breast cancer subtype should not be treated as a luminal tumor but rather according to the HER2 expression status.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the spleen: a case report.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs), otherwise known as the inflammatory pseudotumor, is a rare solid mesenchymal tumor, simulating malignant neoplasms, histologically characterized by the proliferation of spindle cells in a fibrous myxoid stroma containing inflammatory cells. CT and MR imaging are the most used tools in their assessment. Clinical features are nonspecific and depend on the localization of the tumor, radiologic findings are polymorphic and no-conclusive and present a diagnostic challenge to the radiologist. Although histology remains obligatory for the final diagnosis. Heren, we report a case of splenic IMT with histological correlation.

[Cerebral venous thrombosis: Clinical and radiological features, about 62 cases]. / La thrombose veineuse cérébrale : aspects clinico-radiologiques, à propos d'une série de 62 cas.

The work's purpose is to make a general review on the various clinical-radiological aspects and the management of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in our hospital and compare them to those described in the literature. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Our series included 62 patients aged over 18 years, collected over 7 years (2009-2016) in the radiology department of the CHU Hassan II of Fez (Morocco), in which the radiological diagnosis of TVC was retained. Our patients have benefited from a brain CT scan and brain MRI. Clinical and radiological characteristics and post-treatment progression were described. RESULTS: The average age was 35 years with a female predominance; sex ratio 3.76 (49F/13H). The symptomatology was non-specific, made mainly of headaches, comic crises, disturbances of consciousness and focal signs. The upper longitudinal sinus was dominant topography (51.61%). The etiological factors were varied: infectious (sinusitis, chronic otitis media, oto-mastoiditis, bacterial meningitis, and septicemia), gyneco-obstetrical (oral contraception, pregnancy, and postpartum), systemic (Behçet diseases, polycythemia of Vaquez, paraneoplastic syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome), local (head trauma), undetermined etiological factors. The CT scan, but especially the cerebral MRI, made it possible to make the diagnosis but also to direct towards the etiology. CONCLUSION: Cerebral MRI is currently the best imaging in the diagnosis of CTV, allowing an accurate assessment of its location, extent and impact on the cerebral parenchyma. Multiple conditions are responsible for CTVs. Therapeutic management is based on heparinotherapy and etiological treatment.

[A jejunal artery pseudoaneurysm ruptured in the jejunal lumen: A rare vascular complication of severe pancreatitis]. / Faux anévrisme rompu d'une artériole jéjunale: une complication rare d'une pancréatite grave.

Jejunal pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of pancreatitis, usually manifested by digestive bleeding when it ruptures into the digestive lumen. This complication is extremely rare and may be life-threatening. The diagnosis is based on abdominal angiographic computed tomography. Radiology allows therapeutic management through arterial embolization. This case report describes a pseudoaneurysm of jejunal artery that developed as the result of pancreatitis: A 77-year-old man seen in early September 2015 at the emergency department for acute pancreatitis had a pseudocyst infected and spontaneously fistulized into the jejunum lumen. His condition responded initially to symptomatic therapy, and he was discharged. He returned two years later, with digestive bleeding from jejunal pseudoaneurysm that had ruptured into the jejunal lumen. Angiographic embolization was performed as first-line treatment with good outcome. Bleeding more than two years after acute pancreatitis due to rupture of a jejunal pseudoaneurysm is an exceptional complication. Here we report a rare case of digestive hemorrhage caused by jejunal pseudoaneurysm, complicating acute pancreatitis.

[Aorto-cava fistula complicating abdominal aorta aneurysm]. / Fistule aortocave compliquant un anévrisme de l'aorte-abdominale.

We report here a case of aorto-cava fistula complicating the rupture of a sub-renal aortic aneurysm into the inferior vena cava, which is a rare complication of aortic abdominal aneurysms with often-fatal outcome. Abdominal computed tomography with multi-planar reconstructions remains the firstline-imaging tool allowing positive diagnosis and preoperative planning. Treatment may be surgical or endovascular.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Sequelae: Spectrum of Radiologic Findings and Review of Literature

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a common worldwide infection and a medical and social problem causing high mortality and morbidity; especially in developing countries.In accordance with the virulence of the organism and the defenses of the host; tuberculosis can occur in the lungs and in extrapulmonary organs. A variety of sequelae and complications can occur in the pulmonary and extrapulmonary portions of the thorax in treated or untreated patients.In this article; we aimed to review the characteristic imaging findings of various sequelae of thoracic tuberculosis affecting the lung parenchyma; airways; vessels; mediastinum; pleura; and chest wall