Systematic review of salutogenic-oriented lifestyle randomised controlled trials for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the characteristics (development, intensity, deliverers, setting, strategies) and assess the effect of salutogenic-oriented lifestyle interventions on physical and psychosocial health outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHOD: PubMed, Scopus and PsycINFO were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published up to August 2019 that complied with predefined salutogenic criteria: the participant as a whole, the participant's active involvement and the participant's individual learning process. Characteristics of the salutogenic-oriented interventions with and without significant results were compared and qualitatively summarised. RESULTS: Twenty-eight RCTs were identified. Salutogenic oriented interventions that significantly improved both physical and psychosocial health were characterized by being based on formative research, culturally targeted, and delivered in 10-20 sessions in group settings, whereas salutogenic oriented interventions that neither improved physical or psychosocial health significantly were characterized by being individually tailored and delivered in less than 10 group sessions in individual settings. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review suggests that salutogenic-oriented lifestyle interventions are effective for physical and psychosocial health in the short term. More research is needed to determine how intervention characteristics moderate (long-term) effectiveness. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The results provide a basis for purposefully developing effective salutogenic interventions for adults with T2DM.

Development of a Dutch intervention for obese young children.

The objective of this article is to provide insight in the five-step development process of the best evidence, best practice intervention for obese young children 'AanTafel!'. A set of requirements for intervention development was developed to guide the data inquiry: the use of theory, influencing factors, tailoring, multi-disciplinarity, duration/frequency and evaluation and monitoring. Step I retrieved evidence from clinical guidelines, followed by a systematic review with meta-analysis (Step II) and an extended literature review (Step III). Evidence was consistent with regard to parent-focus, targeting family level, including diet, physical activity and behaviour change techniques and tailoring to age. However, no evidence or inconsistent evidence emerged from the theory-basis, group-versus-individual sessions, face-to-face contact versus Internet-mediated contact, which disciplines to involve and how to involve them, as well as intervention duration and intensity. Hence, practice-based insights from parental interviews (Step IV) and involved therapists were added and subsequently integrated to the intervention 'AanTafel!' (Step V). 'AanTafel!' is a multi-component, multi-disciplinary, family-based, parent-focused, age-specific intervention, which is tailored to individual children and families with a duration of 1 year, and using a combination of individual and group sessions as well as a Web-based learning module. Changes in scientific working principles with regard to data collection, reporting and translation to guidelines are required. Practice and science may benefit from close collaboration in designing, implementing and evaluating interventions.

Personalized nutrition communication through ICT application: how to overcome the gap between potential effectiveness and reality.

The potential effectiveness of personalized nutrition communication through the Internet is promising in terms of addressing personal relevance, flexibility, interactive options and amount of people that can be reached. However, little research on the contribution to behaviour change has been done. The MyFood program at Wageningen University aims at providing insight into strategies to implement personalized nutrition communication through interactive tools. In this article we present the framework for research on social acceptance of personalized nutrition communication through interactive computer technology as part of the MyFood program.