Dynamics of PTH levels in the development of post-operative hypoparathyroidism.

BACKGROUND: Post-operative hypoparathyroidism is the most frequent complication after total thyroidectomy. The identification of preoperative predictors could be helpful to identify patients at risk. This study aimed to evaluate the potential influence of preoperative PTH levels and their perioperative dynamics as a predictor of transient, protracted, and permanent post-operative hypoparathyroidism. METHODS: A prospective, observational study that includes 100 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy between September 2018 and September 2020. RESULTS: Transient hypoparathyroidism was present in 42% (42/100) of patients, 11% (11/100) developed protracted hypoparathyroidism, and 5% (5/100) permanent hypoparathyroidism. Patients who presented protracted hypoparathyroidism had higher preoperative PTH levels. The protracted and permanent hypoparathyroidism rate was higher in groups with greater preoperative PTH [0% group 1 (<40 pg/mL) vs. 5.7% group 2 (40-70 pg/mL) vs. 21.6% group 3 (>70 pg/mL); p = 0.03] and (0 vs. 8.3 vs. 20%; p = 0.442), respectively. The rate of protracted and permanent hypoparathyroidism was higher in patients with PTH at 24 h lower than 6.6 pg/mL and whose percentage of PTH decline was higher than 90%. The rate of transient hypoparathyroidism was higher in patients who showed a PTH decline rate of more than 60%. The percentage of PTH increase one week after surgery in patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of protracted hypoparathyroidism was higher in groups with higher preoperative PTH levels. PTH levels 24 h after surgery lower than 6.6 pg/mL and a decline of more than 90% predict protracted and permanent hypoparathyroidism. The percentage of PTH increase a week after surgery could predict permanent hypoparathyroidism.

Patients who presented protracted and permanent hypoparathyroidism had higher preoperative PTH levels.Patients in groups with higher preoperative PTH levels showed higher rates of protracted and permanent hypoparathyroidism.The percentage of PTH variance one week after surgery in patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism was significantly lower and could predict permanent hypoparathyroidism.

Does Vitamin D Deficiency Really Increase the Risk of Post-surgical Hypoparathyroidism?

Purpose: Postoperative hypoparathyroidism is the most frequent complication after total thyroidectomy. The identification of preoperative predictors could be helpful to identify patients at risk. The aim of this study is to determine if preoperative vitamin D levels are related to transient, protracted, and permanent hypoparathyroidism. Method: A prospective, observational study that includes 100 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. Results: Transient hypoparathyroidism was present in 42% of patients, 11% developed protracted hypoparathyroidism and 5% permanent hypoparathyroidism. The median preoperative Vitamin D levels were higher in patients who developed transient hypoparathyroidism than in patients without this complication (24 ng/mL [RIQ 13-31] vs. 17 ng/mL [RIQ 10-24]; p = 0.024). Patients with preoperative vitamin D levels below 20 ng/mL had a lower percentage of transient hypoparathyroidism (31.4% vs. 53.1%; p = 0.028). The prevalence of protracted and permanent hypoparathyroidism in both groups was similar. Patients with preoperative vitamin D levels lower than 20 pg/mL had higher median PTH levels 24 h after surgery, (37.7 ± 28.2 pg/ml vs. 23.6 ± 18.6 pg/ml; p = 0.037), and suffered a lower postoperative PTH decline (46.2 ± 35.4% vs. 61 ± 29%; p = 0.026). Conclusions: Patients with vitamin D deficiency had a lower transient hypoparathyroidism rate, higher median PTH levels 24 h after surgery and a lower postoperative PTH decline. We found no association between preoperative vitamin D and the development of protracted or permanent hypoparathyroidism.

Improved Quality of Life After Mandibular Advancement by Bilateral Internal Ramus Distraction.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a significant health issue due to noncompliance with continuous positive airway pressure treatment. Therefore, evaluating alternative treatments is crucial. PURPOSE: Analyze the impact of maxillomandibular advancement using bilateral internal ramus distraction (BIRD) on quality of life (QOL) in OSA patients. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND SAMPLE: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the University Hospital "La Princesa." The study included patients with moderate to severe OSA who were treated with the BIRD approach. PREDICTOR VARIABLE: Changes in measured variables were analyzed at three time points: before surgery (T1), after mandibular advancement (T2), and after maxillary advancement (T3). MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE(S): QOL changes measured by Quebec Sleep Questionnaire and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Secondary outcomes included: apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index, and percentage of time with saturation below 90%. COVARIATES: Age, sex, continuous positive airway pressure treatment, cephalometric variables and cardiovascular risk parameters were considered. ANALYSES: Statistical analysis employed the Friedman test and χ2 test, with a significance level of P ≤ .05. RESULTS: The study included 32 patients (22% with moderate OSA, 78% with severe OSA). Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores significantly decreased between T1 (13.4 ± 4.4) and T2 (5.8 ± 3.6) and T3 (1.9 ± 1.8) (P < .001). QOL improvements were observed in all domains: daytime sleepiness T1 (3.0 ± 1.3) T2 (5.4 ± 1.4) T3 (6.3 ± 1.0); diurnal symptoms T1 (2.5 ± 1.4) T2 (5.2 ± 1.3) T3 (6.2 ± 1.1); nocturnal symptoms T1 (2.5 ± 1.1) T2 (5.6 ± 1.1) T3 (6.5 ± 0.8); emotions T1 (2.6 ± 1.6) T2 (5.3 ± 1.4) T3 (6.5 ± 0.9); and social interaction T1 (2.5 ± 1.6) T2 (5.4 ± 1.6) T3 (6.3 ± 1.2) (P < .001). AHI decreased between T1 (47.9 ± 23.1) and T2 (14.4 ± 14.3) and T3 (4.7 ± 5.6) h-1 (P < .001), with a final cure rate of 81.2% (defined as final AHI<5 h-1). Oxygen desaturation index and percentage of time with saturation below 90% also showed significant reductions (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: BIRD approach for OSA demonstrated a high cure rate and significant QOL improvements. It shows promise as an effective surgical option. Further research and long-term follow-up are needed.

Prognostic Involvement of Lymph Node Density in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. A New Predictive Model.

PURPOSE: Lymph node density (LND) has been reported to be a significant predictor of survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to analyze LND as a prognostic factor in OSCC and create a predictive model that determines the probability of death in these patients. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was carried out with a cohort of patients who underwent cervical dissection and primary resection of OSCC between 1980 and 2020. The primary predictor variable in this study was LND, which is defined as the number of positive lymph nodes divided by the total number of lymph nodes removed. The cutoff values for prediction of disease-specific survival (DSS) were calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, which determined the best cutoff value was 0.07. Patients were divided into binary subgroups (low and high risk) using the best cutoff value of LND. The outcome variable was DSS, defined as the duration from the date of diagnosis to death due to OSCC and not due to other causes or secondary tumors. Other variables were type of neck dissection, postsurgical treatment, surgical margin, pathological T category stage, pathological N category (pN) stage, extranodal extension, perineural invasion, bone invasion, and presence of recurrence. A predictive model (score) was generated by selecting variables using a log-rank test and by using the Cox proportional-hazards regression (multivariate analysis). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 368 patients, 252 (68.5%) male and 116 (31.5%) female patients, with a mean age of 60.3 years. According to the LND cutoff value, there were 289 patients with a low LND (≤0.07) and 79 with a high LND (>0.07). The univariate analysis showed LND as a significant predictor of DSS at 5 years (67.1% in LND ≤ 0.07 vs 32.9% in LND > 0.07; P < .001). The Cox multivariate analysis identified LND (hazard ratio [HR] = 27.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.18-231; P = .002), recurrence (HR = 4.45; 95% CI, 2.3-8.4; P < .001), and type of treatment (HR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34-0.81; P < .001) as independent predictive factors for DSS. In the predictive model, the presence of recurrence was the most important factor with 8 points, whereas LND >0.07 contributed only 1 point; however, the 2 categories resulting from this limit were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that LND is an additional prognostic factor in patients with a pN+ disease. In addition, our predictive model could be useful in the therapeutic algorithm of OSCC patients, as it can predict the probability of death in these patients.

Adenitis cervical unilateral por Staphylococcus aereus en un paciente adulto. Presentación de un caso / Unilateral cervical adenitis due to staphylococcus aereus in an adult patient. Case report

Debido a que en más del 50 % de los casos la aparición de adenopatías en mayores de 40 años es de probable etiología tumoral, el manejo de masas cervicales del paciente adulto debe incluir las pruebas necesarias para descartar un proceso maligno.El diagnóstico diferencial es fundamental en este tipo de lesiones, identificando los factores de riesgo, síntomas y signos que orienten hacia la etiología (congénita, neoplásica, inflamatoria o infecciosa).Por lo que se refiere a las adenopatías cervicales de causa infecciosa son más frecuentes en los niños. Sin embargo, habitualmente los adultos también las desarrollan como consecuencia de patología oral o faringoamigdalar. En estos casos, se observa una rápida respuesta ante el tratamiento empírico. No obstante, si no se produce la resolución del cuadro con dicho tratamiento en 2-3 semanas, es necesaria la ampliación del estudio mediante pruebas complementarias. Se presenta un caso clínico infrecuente en la literatura de lindadenitis supurada por Staphylococcus aereus en región cervical, en una mujer de 45 años que acudió al servicio de urgencias con clínica de masa cervical a estudio. (AU)

Due to the fact that in more than 50 % of cases the appearance of adenopathy in patients over 40 years of age is of probable tumor etiology, the management of cervical masses in adult patients should include the necessary tests to rule out a malignant process.The differential diagnosis is fundamental in this type of lesions, identifying the risk factors, symptoms and signs that orient towards the etiology (congenital, neoplastic, inflammatory or infectious).As concerns cervical adenopathies of infectious cause, they are more frequent in children. However, adults also usually develop them as a consequence of oral or pharyngotonsillar pathology. In these cases, a rapid response to empirical treatment is observed. However, if there is no resolution of the picture with such treatment within 2-3 weeks, it is necessary to extend the study by means of complementary tests. We present a rare case of suppurative lymphadenitis due to Staphylococcus aereus in the cervical region in a 45-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with a cervical mass. (AU)

Is There a Relationship Between Age, Personal Factors or Surgical Findings, and Outcome After Temporomandibular Joint Arthroscopy?

PURPOSE: The variables involved in prognosis after treatment of internal derangement (ID) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are unclear. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency and identify which factors are associated with treatment success (or failure) among patients with ID managed with arthroscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was carried out of patients undergoing TMJ arthroscopy over a 9-year-period. The predictor variable was composed of a set of demographic, clinical, and operative findings, including, as primary variable, the patient's age. The primary outcome variable was based on the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (AAOMS) criteria of pain (measured by visual analogue scale (VAS)) and maximal interincisal opening (MIO) defined as VAS ≤ 3 and MIO greater 35 mm and grouped as success or failure. The improvement in pain and functional values were compared with the age by using the Pearson correlation coefficient, whereas categorical variables were tested using chi-squared analysis, and mean values were compared with Student t-test or ANOVA. Subsequently, a logistic regression model was used, and the odds ratios (OR) of the evaluated comparisons were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 212 patients were included in this study. In terms of arthroscopic findings, the presence of severe chondromalacia, adhesions or disc perforation (P < .001), was related with older patients. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between age and the postoperative improvement referred to pain or MIO. According to the AAOMS criteria, the procedure was successful in 54.24% of the cases. Two factors were related with a favorable outcome in the adjusted regression analysis: a higher presurgical MIO (OR 0.91, P < .001) and the presence of adhesions (OR 0.41, P = .003). CONCLUSION: Age has no influence on the outcome after arthroscopy. A higher presurgical MIO and the presence of adhesions provide, in the long-term, a favorable prognosis.

Mohs Surgery Outside Usual Indications: A Review.

The body of literature supporting the use of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) in tumors outside the main indications (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, dermatofibrosacroma protuberans, lentigo maligna) is constantly growing, but it is still based on case reports, case series, or at best institutional case series that focus on a single malignancy. Our aim in this review was to assess use of MMS in an array of rare tumors outside the usual indications. A review was performed using the MEDLINE database and the search engine ClinicalKey®. We reviewed the use of MMS on atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX)/malignant fibrous histiocytoma, microcystic adnexal carcinoma, extramammary Paget's disease, Merkel cell carcinoma, pocrine/eccrine carcinoma/porocarcinoma, trichilemmal carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, and angiosarcoma. Mohs micrographic surgery appears to be scarcely used in these tumors due to their low incidence. It is mainly performed for tumors in the H-zone of the face, and can be performed safely. The overall recurrence rate is lower compared with simple or wide local excision. MMS should be used in a more generalized fashion for these tumors.

Nuevos avances en las prótesis ATM customizadas: nuestra experiencia en el Hospital Universitario La Princesa / New advances in customized TMJ prosthesis: our experience at La Princesa University Hospital

INTRODUCCIÓN: Presentamos nuestra experiencia y serie de casos en los que se ha utilizado la prótesis de ATM diseñada y desarrollada en España por el Dr. Carlos Goizueta (Hospital Sant Joan d'Alacant) junto con el Instituto Tecnológico de Canarias y Maxilaria. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Pacientes tratados con patología de la articulación temporomandibular y que han sido reconstruidos con una prótesis de ATM. Esta prótesis tiene cuatro componentes, dos de la fosa articular (una parte de titanio y la otra de polietileno) y dos del cuerpo de la prótesis (cabeza de cromo-cobalto y rama de titanio). RESULTADOS: Se presentan los resultados preliminares de los pacientes reconstruidos con prótesis de ATM en los últimos 2 años en nuestro centro. Se han colocado un total de 8 prótesis en 6 PACIENTES: El diagnóstico de los pacientes fue anquilosis en 4 de los casos, y disfunción ATM avanzada en los otros 2. Se vio una mejoría, tanto del dolor como de la apertura oral, en un seguimiento mínimo de 6 meses. CONCLUSIÓN: Esta prótesis de ATM, de desarrollo nacional, tiene varias ventajas como son la posibilidad de recambio de algún componente y también el diseño del mismo hace que las fuerzas masticatorias se transmiten a la rama mandibular y no a los tornillos de la prótesis

INTRODUCTION: We present our experience and case series in which we used a TMJ prosthesis designed and developed in Spain by Dr. Carlos Goizueta (Hospital Sant Joan d'Alacant), together with the Technological Institute of Canarias and Maxilaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with temporomandibular joint pathology who were reconstructed with a TMJ prosthesis. This prosthesis has four components, two of the articular fossa (one part of titanium and the other part of polyethylene) and two of the body of the device (condylar head of cobalt-chrome and ramus of titanium). RESULTS: We present the preliminary results of the patients reconstructed with a TMJ prosthesis in the past 2 years in our center. A total of 8 prosthesis were place in 6 PATIENTS: The diagnosis of the patients was TMJ ankylosis in 4 cases, and severe TMJ dysfunction in the other 2 cases. An improvement of both pain and also mouth opening was observed after a follow-up of at least 6 months. CONCLUSION: This TMJ prosthesis, developed in Spain, has many advantages, such as the possibility of replacement of some of the parts, as well as its design since the masticatory forces are transmitted to the mandibular ramus and not to the screws of the device

La biopsia de arteria temporal. Una experiencia de 25 años / Temporal artery biopsy. A 25-year experience

Introducción: La arteritis de la arteria temporal o de células gigantes es la vasculitis sistémica más frecuente en adultos, afectando a arterias de tamaño mediano y grande, sobre todo ramas de la arteria carotídea. El tratamiento son corticoides a dosis altas y la falta de tratamiento puede conllevar complicaciones importantes, siendo la complicación más grave la neuropatía óptica isquémica anterior. Material y métodos: Se realizaron una revisión retrospectiva de las biopsias de arteria temporal realizadas en nuestro centro en los últimos 25 años y un estudio descriptivo y analítico de las mismas. Resultados: Se realizaron un total de 629 biopsias a pacientes entre los años 1991 y 2016. Un 18,4% de ellas resultaron ser positivas. Un 68,5% de los pacientes eran mujeres y la media de edad fue de 75,8 años. Se recogieron los valores de longitud de la muestra, la velocidad de sedimentación (VSG) y la proteína C reactiva en los pacientes a los que se realizó la biopsia a partir de 2011 (n = 142), no encontrándose diferencias significativas entre los 2 grupos (biopsias negativas y positivas) para ninguna de las 3 variables. Conclusión: La biopsia de arteria temporal sigue siendo la prueba diagnóstica gold standard. Los valores con mayor valor predictivo son la elevación de VSG y síntomas clínicos visuales y de cefalea de reciente instauración. El tiempo entre la sospecha diagnóstica y la biopsia debe ser el menos posible, para confirmar el diagnóstico, y poder ajustar o suspender el tratamiento con corticoides y evitar así las complicaciones de esta patología

Introduction: Temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis is the most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in adults, affecting large and medium-sized vessels, typically braches of the carotid artery. Treatment is with high-dose corticosteroids. A lack of treatment could lead to important consequences, the most serious of which is visual loss due to anterior ischemic neuropathic neuropathy. Material and methods: A retrospective revision of the temporal artery biopsies done in our center in the past 25 years was carried; a descriptive and analytic study was done. Results: A total of 620 biopsies were done on patients between 1991 and 2016. 18.4% of them were positive. 68.5% of the patients were female, and the average age was 75.8 years. The length of the biopsy and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein levels of the patients biopsied after 2011 (n = 142) were documented. No significant differences were found between the 2 groups (positive and negative biopsies) for any of the 3 variables. Conclusion: Temporal artery biopsy is still the gold standard diagnostic test. The variables with the highest predictive value are the increase in ESR levels, and clinical symptoms (visual disturbances and new-onset headache). The time between diagnostic suspicion and biopsy is crucial, in order to confirm the diagnosis and, initiate, adjust or suspend corticosteroid treatment, and prevent irreversible complications

Influencia de la edad en los hallazgos y el resultado del tratamiento artroscópico de la disfunción temporomandibular. Un estudio basado en 162 casos / Influence of age on the findings and outcome of arthroscopic treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction. A study based on 162 cases

Introducción: El propósito del presente estudio fue analizar si los hallazgos artroscópicos y la mejoría clínica tras dicho tratamiento quirúrgico difieren en virtud de la edad de los pacientes afectos por disfunción temporomandibular. Material y métodos: Se revisaron de manera retrospectiva los datos correspondientes a los pacientes tratados durante 7 años en dos centros hospitalarios en los cuales el tratamiento artroscópico se realizó de acuerdo con el mismo protocolo. Se consideraron solo los pacientes con diagnóstico de bloqueo crónico (estadios IV y V, según clasificación de Wilkes-Bronstein). El estudio implicó el análisis de dos grupos de pacientes diferenciados: a) Grupo A menores de 45 años al diagnóstico, b) Grupo B mayores de 45 años al diagnóstico. Durante la fase diagnóstica del protocolo de artroscopia por disfunción temporomandibular, se recogieron los parámetros «sinovitis» y «condromalacia». Asimismo se analizó la presencia o no de adherencias y/o de perforación discal. En cuanto al resultado clínico del tratamiento de los pacientes, se consideró el dolor durante la función mandibular, la máxima apertura interincisal, el movimiento protrusivo y de lateralidad en sentido contralateral a la articulación afecta como variables de estudio. Dichos datos se consideraron durante el postoperatorio al mes, 3, 6, 9, 12 y 24 meses. El análisis de los datos se basó en un análisis de la varianza de una vía para las variables cuantitativas y el test de χ2 para el estudio de las variables cualitativas. Los valores se consideraron significativos para una p < 0,05. Resultados: La población de estudio incluyó 162 pacientes (Grupo A 90 pacientes, Grupo B 72 pacientes). Los hallazgos de sinovitis y condromalacia en fase avanzada fueron más frecuentes para el grupo B de estudio con diferencias estadísticamente significativas, mientras que los hallazgos de adherencias y perforación discal no difirieron entre ambos grupos. Tras la realización de artroscopia de la ATM, se observó un descenso significativo del dolor (desde el primer mes postoperatorio) junto con un incremento significativo de la máxima apertura interincisal (a partir de 3 meses de seguimiento poscirugía) en ambos grupos de estudio. Conclusiones: El tratamiento mediante artroscopia de la disfunción temporomandibular en fases avanzadas de la enfermedad produce una mejoría clínica tanto en pacientes mayores como menores de 45 años de edad. Los pacientes mayores de 45 años presentan cambios patológicos intraarticulares correspondientes tanto a sinovitis como a condromalacia en fases más avanzadas. Por el contrario, estos pacientes mayores no muestran un incidencia superior de otros signos de degeneración articular como presencia de adherencias o perforación discal

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyse whether the findings and clinical improvement after arthroscopic surgical treatment were different according to the age of the patients affected by temporomandibular dysfunction. Material and methods: A retrospective review was performed on the data corresponding to patients treated arthroscopically over a 7-year period in two hospitals using the same protocol. Only patients with a diagnosis of chronic closed lock (stage IV and V, according to Wilkes-Bronstein classification) were considered. The study involved the analysis of two different patient groups: a) Group A under 45 years of age at diagnosis, b) Group B over 45 years of age at diagnosis. During the diagnostic phase of the temporomandibular dysfunction arthroscopy protocol, the parameters "synovitis" and "chondromalacia" were collected for the evaluation of the synovial membrane and joint surface, respectively. The presence or absence of adhesions and/or disc perforation was also analysed. Regarding the clinical outcome of the treatment of patients, pain during mandibular function, maximum inter-incisal opening, protrusive movement, and laterality in contralateral direction to the joint involved, were considered as study variables. These data were collected at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months after the surgery. Data analysis was based on a one-way variance analysis for quantitative variables and the χ2 test for the study of qualitative variables. The values were considered significant for a p < .05. Results: The study population included 162 patients (Group A 90 patients, group B 72 patients). Pathological findings of advanced-stage synovitis and chondromalacia were more frequent for group B, with statistically significant differences, while findings of disc adhesions and perforation did not differ between both groups. After TMJ arthroscopy, a significant decrease in pain (from the first postoperative month) was observed, together with a significant increase in maximum inter-incisal opening (from 3 months post-surgery follow-up) in both study groups. The rate of patients undergoing re-arthroscopy or open joint surgery in post-surgery follow-up was higher in Group A patients. Conclusions: Arthroscopic treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction in advanced stages of the disease shows a clinical improvement in patients over and under 45 years of age. Patients over 45 years of age showed intra-articular pathological changes corresponding to both synovitis and chondromalacia in more advanced phases. In contrast, these older patients did not show a higher incidence of other signs of joint degeneration, such as adhesions or disc perforation. Patients over 45 years of age did not have any differences in the percentage of failure and/or re-operation after arthroscopic treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction, compared to younger patients

Oral squamous cell carcinoma after dental implant treatment / Carcinoma epidermoide intraoral después del tratamiento implantológico dental

Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory response of the soft tissue surrounding osteointegrated implants. Squamous cell carcinoma can be sometimes confused clinically with peri-implantitis, and there have been various cases published of squamous cell carcinoma development in areas surrounding dental implants. Between 2008 and 2017, 6 cases of SCC surrounding implants were reported. 66.6% had a previous history of OSCC and association with risk factors (tobacco or alcohol consumption) was present in three patients. A literature search retrieved 54 cases (25 articles) published between 1996 and 2017. 42.6% of the patients had a previous history of OSCC, 42.6% of them also had risk factors, and 51.9% of the patients had some type of pre-malignant lesion. Of the 18 patients that had no past oncological history or pre-malignant lesion (33.3%), 8 of them did not have any risk factors either. The incidence rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma surrounding implants seems to be higher in patients with previous oral tumors. Therefore, a close follow-up of these at-risk patients (tobacco or alcohol consumption, or previous history of cancer) should be carried out, especially those that present peri-implantitis

La periimplantitis es una respuesta inflamatoria del tejido blando de alrededor de los implantes osteointegrados. El carcinoma epidermoide en ocasiones se puede confundir clínicamente con la periimplantitis, y se han reportado numerosos casos del desarrollo de carcinoma epidermoide en una región de la cavidad oral asiento de un tratamiento implantológico. Entre los años 2008 y 2017 se diagnosticaron 6 casos de carcinoma epidermoide alrededor de implantes. El 66,6% de los casos presentaban una historia previa de carcinoma epidermoide intraoral, y la asociación con factores de riesgo (tabaco o alcohol) estaba presente en 3 pacientes. De la revisión de la literatura se encontraron 54 casos (en 25 artículos) publicados entre 1996 y 2017. Un 42,6% de los pacientes tenían historia previa de carcinoma epidermoide intraoral, el 42,6% de ellos también presentaban factores de riesgo y un 51,9% tenían alguna lesión premaligna. De los 18 pacientes sin historia oncológica previa ni presencia de lesión premaligna (33,3%), 8 tampoco tenían ningún factor de riesgo. La incidencia de carcinoma epidermoide intraoral alrededor de implantes dentales parece ser mayor en pacientes con tumores orales previos. Por ello se debe recomendar un seguimiento cercano de estos pacientes de riesgo (fumadores y consumo de alcohol, o historia previa de cáncer), especialmente estos pacientes que presentan periimplantitis

Arthroscopic Management of Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint. Case Series and Systematic Review.

AIM: Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a benign condition that is characterized by the formation of cartilaginous nodules within the synovial tissue of a joint that may detach and form loose bodies inside the articular space. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of surgical arthroscopy for the treatment of SC of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of six patients treated with arthroscopy (one patient requiring an open arthrotomy due to the size of the loose bodies) in our centre between 1997 and 2016 is presented and results are discussed. A systematic review of the literature of patients with SC treated with arthroscopy or arthroscopy-assisted open arthrotomy is also carried out. RESULTS: Pain, which was the main symptom in our patients, and maximum mouth opening both improved significantly after surgical treatment. Three of the patients were diagnosed with primary SC, and the other 3 had a previous diagnosis of internal derangement. None of the patients showed signs of relapse during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows the extraction of loose bodies and even partial synovectomy of the affected membrane with good results and without recurrence of the disease. This technique can be useful in cases of SC with loose bodies measuring less than 3 mm or without extra-articular extension.

Sarcoma pleomorfo indiferenciado de párpado con histología sugerente de fibroxantoma atípico / Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the eyelid with histology suggestive of atypical fibroxanthoma

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Hyperparathyroidism Diagnosed Due to Brown Tumors of the Jaw: A Case Report and Literature Review.

This report describes the case of a 42-year-old woman who consulted with a maxillofacial specialist for pain and an exophytic lesion in the maxilla. Biopsy examination disclosed a bone cyst with abundant giant cells, and head and neck computed tomography was performed. A diagnosis of brown tumor in the maxilla and mandible was made, and primary hyperparathyroidism (parathyroid adenoma) was determined as the origin of the bone lesions. The patient underwent a left superior parathyroidectomy, which resolved the hormonal disorder (as determined by normal calcium and parathyroid hormone levels) and the brown tumors, which appeared to have mineralized at 1-year follow-up computed tomography. Dental implant rehabilitation was performed at the sites of the absent tumors. A systematic review of articles published in the English-language medical literature through the PubMed and Medline databases yielded 40 articles (published from 1969 through 2016) on 45 cases of hyperparathyroidism associated with the location of a brown tumor in the mandible or maxilla.