Prevalence of fear of COVID-19, depression, and anxiety among undergraduate students during remote classes.

BACKGROUND: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, undergraduate students were exposed to symptoms of psychological suffering during remote classes. Therefore, it is important to investigate the factors that may be generated and be related to such outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and related factors in undergraduate students during remote classes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 218 undergraduate students (60.6% women and 39.4% men). Students answered a self-administered online questionnaire designed to gather personal information, pandemic exposure, physical activity level, fear of COVID-19 using the 'Fear of COVID-19 Scale', symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and anxiety using General Anxiety Disorder-7. RESULTS: Undergraduate students had a high prevalence of depression and anxiety (83.0% and 76.1%, respectively) but a low prevalence of fear of COVID-19 (28.9%) during remote classes. Multivariate analysis revealed that women who reported health status as neither good nor bad and who had lost a family member from COVID-19 had the highest levels of fear. For depression and anxiety, the main related factors found were female gender, bad health status, insufficiently active, and complete adherence to the restriction measures. CONCLUSION: These findings may be used to develop actions to manage symptoms of anxiety and depression among students, with interventions through physical activity programmes to improve mental health.

Identifying mood disorders and health-related quality of life of individuals submitted to mandatory military service.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of mood disorders in Brazilian soldiers. METHODS: A total of 353 soldiers answered the following questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the medical outcomes study SF-36 questionnaire, the Baecke questionnaire to assess the level of habitual physical activity (HPA) and the socioeconomic (SE) status questionnaire. Participants were classified according to their desire to pursue a military career. RESULTS: Accordingly, 246 participants were allocated to a volunteer group (VG) and 107 to a non-volunteer group (NVG). According to the BDI data for both groups, 66.5% of the soldiers showed at least mild depressive symptoms. Additionally, the STAI data revealed that 27.8% and 8.4% of the soldiers showed high scores on state anxiety and trait anxiety, respectively. The POMS scores were higher in the NVG compared to the VG (Δ%=+263%, p<0.0001). Of the eight subscales, the SF-36 questionnaire showed statistical differences between the groups in the following five dimensions: functioning capacity (p = 0.0046), pain (p = 0.0011), vitality (p < 0.0001), role limitations due to emotional problems (p < 0.0001) and mental health (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Mood disorder levels were higher and health status and related quality of life levels were lower in the NVG as compared to the VG.

Análise comparativa do pico de força e controle motor do músculo tibial anterior após cinesioterapia e estimulação neuromuscular / Comparative analysis of strength peak, and motor control of the tibialis anterior muscle after Kinesiotherapy and Neuromuscular stimulation

Introdução: O fortalecimento muscular pode ser realizado por exercícios ativos, ativos resistidos e também, a estimulação elétrica neuromuscular (EENM), são algumas dentre as diversas técnicas terapêuticas utilizadas pelo fisioterapeuta. Objetivo: Analisar se existe diferença entre o fortalecimento muscular ativo somente e com associação de Eletroestimulação Neuromuscular no músculo Tibial Anterior em mulheres sedentárias. Métodos: Participaram 18 voluntárias, selecionadas aleatoriamente, divididas em 3 grupos com a mesma quantidade em cada, sendo que o primeiro grupo foi realizado apenas fortalecimento ativo com carga (Cinesioterapia), o segundo grupo realizou o fortalecimento ativo com carga do músculo tibial anterior associado a estimulação com a corrente FES, e o terceiro grupo, fortalecimento ativo com carga associado a estimulação com a corrente Russa. Para avaliação foram coletados o Pico máximo de força e Controle motor através da célula de carga. Resultados: Com relação ao pico de força, o grupo que obteve um melhor desempenho mantendo a média mais próxima do valor anterior foi o grupo que associou a corrente FES, já no controle motor o grupo que teve menor variação após a terapêutica foi o que associou a corrente Russa, seguida da que associou corrente FES porém, apenas 48 horas depois. Conclusão Os exercícios de fortalecimento associado a corrente FES teve um melhor desempenho no pico máximo de força, e o grupo associado à corrente Russa teve um melhor controle motor após a terapêutica....(AU)

Introduction: Muscle strengthening can be accomplished by active exercise, weathered assets and also the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), are some among the various therapeutic techniques used by the physiotherapist. Goal: Analyze whether there are differences between the active muscle strengthening and only with neuromuscular electrical stimulation association in anterior tibialis muscle in sedentary women. Methods: 18 volunteers participated, selected randomly divided into 3 groups with the same amount in each, and the first group was conducted only active strengthening load (kinesiotherapy), the second group performed the active strengthening with load of the tibialis anterior muscle associated with the stimulation current FES, and the third group, strengthening active with load associated with stimulation with Russian current. For evaluation were collected the maximum peak strength and motor control through the load cell. Results: with relation to strength peak, the group that achieved a better performance by keeping the closest measure of the previous value, was the group that used the FES current, about the motor control, the group that had less variation after therapy, was the group that used the Russian current, followed by those who used the FES current, however, only 48 hour after. Conclusion: Strengthening exercises associated with FES current performed better at the max strength peak, and the group associated with the current Russian had a better motor control after therapy...(AU)

Efeito da aprendizagem no desempenho de repetidos testes de Wingate / Learning effect in the performance in Wingate repeated tests / Efecto del aprendizaje nel desempeño de repetidas evaluaciones de Wingate

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a existência do efeito aprendizagem nos resultados de repetidos testes de Wingate. Doze ciclistas foram submetidos a dois testes de Wingate (TW1 e TW2) com intervalo de uma semana. A resistência adicionada foi equivalente a 10% da massa corporal e as rotinas foram planejadas para reproduzir as mesmas condições em ambos os testes. Os resultados revelaram grande amplitude nos limites de concordância dos testes 1 e 2 em todas as variáveis, bem como diferenças significantes para Potência Média (PM), em valores absolutos (TW1: 579,7 ± 91,0 W vs TW2: 616,9 ± 102,2 W) e valores relativos (TW1: 8,3 ± 0,8 W/kg vs TW2: 8,8 ± 0,9 W/kg). A evidência demonstra a existência do efeito aprendizagem causando influência nos resultados da potência anaeróbica.

The purpose of this study was to verify the existence of learning effect in results of Wingate repeated tests. Twelve cyclists were submitted to two Wingate Tests (TW1 and TW2) with an interval of a week. The added resistance was equivalent to 10% of body mass, the routines were planned to reproduce the same conditions in both tests. Even though the high correlation (0,92), the results showed significant difference for Mean Power (PM), in absolute values (TW1: 579,7 ± 91,0 W vs TW2: 616,9 ± 102,2) and relative values, (TW1: 8,3 ± 0,8 W/kg vs TW2: 8,8 ± 0,9 W/kg) favoring the second test. The evidence demonstrated the existence of learning effect affecting results of anaerobic power.

El objetivo del estudio fue investigar la existencia del efecto del aprendizaje en los resultados de repetidas evaluaciones de Wingate. Doce ciclistas fueron sometidos a dos evaluaciones de Wingate (TW1 e TW2) con intervalo de una semana. La resistencia adicionada fue equivalente a 10% de la masa corporal y las rutinas fueron planeadas para reproducir las mismas condiciones en las dos evaluaciones. Mismo con la correlación de 0,92, los resultados revelaran diferencias significativas para la Potencia Media (PM) en valores absolutos (TW1: 579,7 ± 91,0 W vs TW2: 616,9 ± 102,2 W) y valores relativos (TW1: 8,3 ± 0,8 W/kg vs TW2: 8,8 ± 0,9 W/kg), favoreciendo la segunda evaluación. Eso demuestra la existencia del efecto del aprendizaje influyendo la potencia anaeróbica.