[Hepatolithiasis].

The authors present an analysis of treatment results in 14 patients with hepatolithiasis. An influence of chronic opisthorchosis invasion on the frequency was determined. Hepatolithiasis was detected in 8 (0.14%) out of 5757 patients, who underwent the operation for cholelithiasis and its complications. The disease was found out in 6 (0.31%) patients out of 1965, who had cholelithiasis and accompanying chronic opisthorchosis. It was 2,2 times more frequent due to proliferative sclerotic changes of biliary system. The trasdermal teanshepatic cholangiography was contraindicated for opisthorchiasis injuries, because of the danger of subcapsular cholangioectates damage. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and the endopapillosphincterotomy were complicated due to extensive structures of the large duodenal papilla and distal section of the general bile duct. The patients were treated by using the cholecystectomy, extraction of stones from ducts, reconstruction of liver passage. Choledochoduodenostomy was performed with compulsory external drainage for ducts sanation from infections and helminthes in the case of the opisthorchiasis. Interportal infusions were carried out. The surgical, conservative and endoscopic treatment was required for multiple colangiolithiasis. The lethality consisted of 7.1%.

[Internal biliary fistulas as a complication of cholelithiasis].

The authors made an analysis of observations of 46 patients. They describe algorithm and problems of clinico-instrumental and X-ray diagnostics, strategy of operative treatment and postoperative complications.

[A rare case of infiltrative growth of alveococcus in the aorta and its branches]. / Redkoe nabliudenie vrastaniia al'veokokka v aortu i ee vetvi.

Widespread liver alveococcosis resulted in the infiltrative growth into the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries with their complete obturation with the parasitic tissue, but without the disturbance of circulation in the digestive organs. This was due to slow obliteration and the development of collateral circulation.

[Pericholedochal lymphadenitis in complicated opisthorchiasis]. / Perikholedokheal'nyi limfadenit pri oslozhnennom opistorkhoze.

The data on frequency, location and pronouncement of pericholedochal lymphadenitis in complicated forms of chronic opisthorchiasis requiring surgical correction have been summarized. Pericholedochal lymphadenitis is caused by infection in the bile ducts which is the most frequently noted in cholestasis. The authors recommend to perform external drainage of the bile ducts with the aim of their sanation.

[Opisthorchiasis of the liver]. / Opistorkhoznye kisti pecheni.

The authors have observed 10 patients with opisthorchiasic cysts of the liver. These cysts are multiple and disposed mainly in the left lobe of the liver. Sonography and laparotomy are expedient methods for diagnosis of the disease. Operations were performed on 7 patients and gave good immediate and long-term results.

[Comparative characteristics of nonparasitic and opisthorchiasis cysts of the liver]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika neparazitarnykh i opistorkhoznykh kist pecheni.

The authors observed 24 patients with opisthorchiasis and 14--with nonparasitic cysts of the liver. No essential differences in the tactics of surgical treatment of these cysts were noted. In medium-size and large cysts, the operative treatment--excision of cystic walls with omentoplasty, liver resection--is recommended; in small opisthorchiasis and nonparasitic cysts--dynamic observation with the performance of ultrasound scanning.

[Opisthorchiasis-induced suppurative cholangitis (clinical course and diagnosis)]. / Opistorkhoznyi gnoinyi kholangit (klinika i diagnostika).

Purulent cholangitis was found in 128 (44.6 per cent) of the 288 patients operated on for complicated forms of opisthorchiasis. Mechanical cholestasis due to sclerotic changes in the bile ducts, major duodenal papilla and pancreas is the most responsible factor in disease prognosis. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, ultrasound examination, intra-operative cholangiography and fibrocholedochoscopy are used for diagnosis as well as study of bile microflora in the common bile duct. The acute form of purulent cholangitis was attended by acute liver insufficiency in 42.4 per cent of the cases; fatal outcomes took place in 8.2 per cent. Cholecystectomy must be supplemented by the restoration of passage of bile in the duodenum with external drainage of the bile ducts to eliminate bacterial flora and helminths.

[Effect of immunosorption on the functional state of immunocompetent cells]. / Vliianie immunosorbtsii na funktsional'noe sostoianie immunokompetentnykh kletok.

The effect of immunosorption on the state of the membranes of immunocompetent cells playing an important role in numerous links of pathogenesis of disease was studied in 11 patients with bronchial asthma (atopic form). Two biophysical methods were employed: a fluorescent probe (a chlorotetracycline probe) and hemiluminiscence. A preliminary study showed noticeable changes in the state of cell membranes in patients with atopic bronchial asthma and aggravation of pathological changes caused by a specific allergen. Extracorporal immunosorption produced a positive effect on the state of the membranes of immunocompetent cells and a decrease in their sensitivity to a specific allergen in patients with the atopic form of bronchial asthma.