Outcome of a metaphyseal reverse total shoulder replacement in rheumatoid arthritis.

AIM: To assess the clinical and radiological results of a metaphyseal reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) without diaphyseal stem, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS: Forty-five shoulders in 36 consecutive RA patients (2005-2015) underwent rTSA with a bone impaction technique. Patients were assessed clinically and radiographically preoperatively, at 3 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months post-operatively, and yearly thereafter, using constant score (CS), pain score, subjective shoulder value (SSV) and patient satisfaction score. RESULTS: Forty-four shoulders with mean follow-up of 67 months (range 24 m-146 m (12y)) were available for follow-up. Mean age at surgery was 68.7 years (range 39-86). CS improved from 17.5 ± 10.5(SD) (age/sex adjusted 23.9 ± 14.5(SD)) preoperatively to 60.9 ± 17.4 (SD) (age/sex adjusted 86.5 ± 24.5 (SD)) at last follow-up (P < 0.001). Pain score and SSV also significantly improved (p < 0.001). Mean range of movement improved to 140°active forward flexion, 134°active abduction, 47°active external rotation (AER) and 70°active internal rotation (AIR). The results were maintained over time. Combined early and late complication rate was 15.6%, which is lower than described in the literature for RA. No lucencies, loosening, subsidence or stress shielding were evident radiographically. CONCLUSION: Metaphyseal rTSA without a diaphyseal stem is successful and safe in RA patients. Patients achieve good function and have high satisfaction rates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Case series: Level IV.

In-hospital prognosis and long-term mortality of STEMI in a reperfusion network. "Head to head" analisys: invasive reperfusion vs optimal medical therapy.

BACKGROUND: ST Segment Elevation Acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) preferred treatment is culprit artery reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We ought to analyze the benefit of early reperfusion vs. optimal medical therapy in STEMI before and after the set-up of a regional STEMI network that prioritizes PPCI. METHODS: Between January 2002 and December 2013, 1268 STEMI patients were consecutively admitted in a University Hospital. Patients were classified in two groups: pre-STEMI Network (January 2002-June 2009; n = 670) and post-STEMI network (July 2009-December 2013; n = 598). Vital status was available at 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: The STEMI network increased reperfusion (89.2% vs 64.4%, p < 0.001) mainly using PCI (99.0% vs 43.9%, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the post-STEMI network period (2.51% vs. 7.16%, p < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, including age, sex, comorbidities, severity and reperfusion therapy, a trend to a lower in-hospital mortality was observed (post-Network OR: 0.50, 95% CI:0.16-1.59, p = 0.24); this trend disappeared when optimal medical therapy was included in the model (post-Network OR: 1.14, 95% CI:0.32-4.08, p = 0.840). No differences in 2-year mortality were observed (post-Network HR: 0.83; CI 95%: 0.55-1.25, p = 0.37). CONCLUSION: A STEMI network with PPCI 24/7 improved reperfusion therapy, resulting in an increase on PPCI. Despite in-hospital mortality decreased with a STEMI network, 2-year mortality remained similar in both periods, pre- and post-Network. Optimal medical therapy could be as important as reperfusion therapy in a STEMI reperfusion network.

Artroplastia de revisión de prótesis de superficie de hombro hacia prótesis invertida no cementada con vástago corto / Revision shoulder arthroplasty from resurfacing to non-cemented short-stem reverse prosthesis

Objetivo. Valorar los parámetros perioperatorios y los resultados clínicos y radiológicos de la cirugía de revisión de las prótesis de superficie de hombro recambiadas hacia prótesis invertida no cementada con vástago corto. Material y métodos. Entre 2005 y 2012, se realizaron 23 revisiones de prótesis de superficie de hombro a prótesis invertidas. La edad media fue 70,3 años ± 11,95. Un 82,6% (19/23) de los recambios se realizaron por rotura secundaria del manguito rotador; 13,04% (3/23) por aflojamiento aséptico del componente glenoideo más insuficiencia del manguito y 4,35% (1/23) por fractura periprotésica. Se documentaron: necesidad de ventanas humerales y aloinjerto estructural, duración del procedimiento, pérdidas hemáticas, transfusiones y fracturas intraoperatorias. Seguimiento mínimo de 25 meses. Resultados. En ninguno de los casos se necesitó realizar una ventana humeral para la extracción del implante de superficie, así como tampoco aloinjerto estructural. En 8,69% (2/23) de los casos se requirió aloinjerto para reconstrucción glenoidea. La duración del procedimiento fue 113,35 ± 21,30 min. Las pérdidas hemáticas intraoperatorias fueron 374 ± 245,09 mls. Se requirió hemotransfusión en un caso. Se produjo una fractura intraoperatoria. El Constant mejoró de 17,32 a 59,78 (ajustado por sexo y edad, 84). La satisfacción general aumentó de 1,37 a 8,04. El recorrido articular aumentó 79,57° en elevación anterior; 72,88° en abducción; 38,06° en rotación interna; y 13,57° en rotación externa. No hubo evidencia de radiolucencias, hundimientos, ni resorción ósea. Conclusión. La artroplastia de revisión de las prótesis de superficie de hombro recambiadas hacia prótesis invertida no cementada con vástago corto ofrece buenos resultados clínicos y radiológicos, representando una técnica con complejidades intraoperatorias mínimas. Nivel de evidencia IV, serie de casos (AU)

Objective. To assess the surgical parameters and the clinical and radiological outcomes of revisions of resurfacing shoulder arthroplasty to non-cemented short-stem reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Material and methods. A total of 23 revisions from resurfacing shoulder arthroplasty to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty were performed. The mean age was 70.3 ± 11.95 years. The patients included 82.6% (19/23) revised for cuff failure; 13.04% (3/23) cuff failure and aseptic loosening, and 4.35% (1/23) peri-prosthetic fracture. The need for humeral osteotomy or structural allograft, operation length, blood loss, blood transfusions and intraoperative fractures were recorded. Minimum follow-up 25 months. Results. No humeral osteotomy or humeral structural allograft was required, and 2/23 (8.69%) required allograft for glenoid reconstruction. The mean operation time was 113.35 ± 21.30 minutes. Intra-operative blood loss was 374 ± 245.09 mls. Blood transfusion was required in one case. Intra-operative fracture occurred in 1 case. The Constant score improved from 17.32 to 59.78 (age/sex adjusted, 84). Overall satisfaction improved from 1.37 to 8.04. The range of motion increased 79.57° in forward elevation; 72.88° in abduction; 38.06° in internal rotation; and 13.57° in external rotation. There was no evidence of radiolucency, subsidence, or bone resorption. Conclusion. Revisions of resurfacing implants to non-cemented short-stem reverse prosthesis show good clinical and radiological outcomes, with minimal intra-operative complexities. Level of evidence IV, case series (AU)

Revision shoulder arthroplasty from resurfacing to non-cemented short-stem reverse prosthesis. / Artroplastia de revisión de prótesis de superficie de hombro hacia prótesis invertida no cementada con vástago corto.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the surgical parameters and the clinical and radiological outcomes of revisions of resurfacing shoulder arthroplasty to non-cemented short-stem reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 23 revisions from resurfacing shoulder arthroplasty to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty were performed. The mean age was 70.3±11.95 years. The patients included 82.6% (19/23) revised for cuff failure; 13.04% (3/23) cuff failure and aseptic loosening, and 4.35% (1/23) peri-prosthetic fracture. The need for humeral osteotomy or structural allograft, operation length, blood loss, blood transfusions and intraoperative fractures were recorded. Minimum follow-up 25 months. RESULTS: No humeral osteotomy or humeral structural allograft was required, and 2/23 (8.69%) required allograft for glenoid reconstruction. The mean operation time was 113.35±21.30minutes. Intra-operative blood loss was 374±245.09 mls. Blood transfusion was required in one case. Intra-operative fracture occurred in 1 case. The Constant score improved from 17.32 to 59.78 (age/sex adjusted, 84). Overall satisfaction improved from 1.37 to 8.04. The range of motion increased 79.57° in forward elevation; 72.88° in abduction; 38.06° in internal rotation; and 13.57° in external rotation. There was no evidence of radiolucency, subsidence, or bone resorption. CONCLUSION: Revisions of resurfacing implants to non-cemented short-stem reverse prosthesis show good clinical and radiological outcomes, with minimal intra-operative complexities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV, case series.

Anti-inflammatory effect of virgin olive oil in stable coronary disease patients: a randomized, crossover, controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of two similar olive oils, but with differences in their phenolic compounds (powerful antioxidant compounds), on inflammatory markers in stable coronary heart disease patients. DESIGN: Placebo-controlled, crossover, randomized trial. SETTING: Cardiology Department of Hospital del Mar and Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (Barcelona). SUBJECTS: Twenty-eight stable coronary heart disease patients. INTERVENTIONS: A raw daily dose of 50 ml of virgin and refined olive oil (ROO) was sequentially administered over two periods of 3-weeks, preceded by 2-week washout periods in which ROO was used. RESULTS: Interleukin-6 (P<0.002) and C-reactive protein (P=0.024) decreased after virgin olive oil intervention. No changes were observed in soluble intercellular and vascular adhesion molecules, glucose and lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of virgin olive oil, could provide beneficial effects in stable coronary heart disease patients as an additional intervention to the pharmacological treatment.

Pseudodicentric 22;Y translocation transmitted through four generations of a large family without phenotypic repercussion.

The most frequent Y-autosome translocations involve an acrocentric autosome and they are frequently familial with neither phenotypic nor reproductive repercussion. However, different Y-autosome translocations have been related to infertility, due to abnormal pairing of the X and Y chromosomes at meiosis and an abnormal XY-body formation or by the disruption of the AZFs (Azoospermic Factor). Rare forms of Y-autosome translocations are those resulting in an unbalanced 45-chromosome karyotype that includes a dicentric Y+autosome chromosome. We describe a new case of a familial pseudodicentric 22;Y that is carried by 19 male members of a large family without phenotypic repercussion. Cytogenetic analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and subtelomeric Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) assay have been performed. All male members of the family showed the karyotype 45,X,psu dic(22;Y)(p11.2;qter).ish psu dic(22;Y) (SRY+,DYZ3+,D14/D22Z1+). In conclusion, the presence of the dicentric chromosome in the male members of the family reported does not seem to interfere with the correct progression of spermatogenesis.

Antioxidant effect of virgin olive oil in patients with stable coronary heart disease: a randomized, crossover, controlled, clinical trial.

The Mediterranean diet, in which olive oil is the main source of fat, has been associated with a reduced incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and low blood pressure levels. Virgin olive oil (VOO), besides containing monounsaturated fat, is rich in phenolic compounds (PC) with antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidant and anti-hypertensive effect of two similar olive oils, but with differences in their PC (refined: 14.7 mg/kg versus virgin: 161.0 mg/kg), in 40 males with stable CHD. The study was a placebo controlled, crossover, randomized trial. A raw daily dose of 50 mL of VOO and refined olive oil (ROO) were sequentially administered over two periods of 3 weeks, preceded by 2-week washout periods in which ROO was used. Lower plasma oxidized LDL (p < 0.001) and lipid peroxide levels (p = 0.003), together with higher activities of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.033), were observed after VOO intervention. Systolic blood pressure decreased after intake of VOO (p = 0.001) in hypertensive patients. No changes were observed in diastolic blood pressure, glucose, lipids, and antibodies against oxidized LDL. Consumption of VOO, rich in PC, could provide beneficial effects in CHD patients as an additional and complementary intervention to the pharmacological treatment.

La satisfacción laboral en el Hospital Asepeyo-Sant Cugat del Vallès / The laboral satisfaction in the Hospital Asepeyo-Sant Cugat del Vallès

Resulta evidente la importancia del factor humano en las organizaciones hospitalarias. No en vano, el capítulo de personal es siempre el más elevado en la distribución de los costes. Más allá de una eficiente gestión de la contratación, las políticas de incentivación y motivación de los trabajadores resultan instrumentos clave para un mayor y mejor rendimiento de dichas organizaciones. Con el objeto de evaluar las actuaciones realizadas, descubrir áreas de mejora y así poder desarrollar nuevos o mejores instrumentos de motivación que contribuyeran a incrementar la identificación en los objetivos de la organización, se planteó tomar la temperatura a todo el equipo humano que formaba parte del Hospital. El estudio se realizó incluyendo todo el personal (sanitario y no sanitario) y midiendo las siguientes variables: estructura, autonomía/iniciativa, relaciones interpersonales, reconocimiento, cumplimiento de expectativas, presión, desafío del trabajo, implicación y liderazgo. (AU)

Thermal capsular shrinkage for shoulder instability. Mid-term longitudinal outcome study.

We present the short- and medium-term clinical results of thermal shrinkage in selected groups of patients with multidirectional or capsular stretch-type instability. We treated 56 patients (61 shoulders) by laser-assisted capsular shrinkage (LACS) and 34 patients (38 shoulders) by radiofrequency (RF) capsular shrinkage. The two groups were followed for mean periods of 40 months and 23 months, respectively. In the LACS group the mean Walch-Duplay score improved to 90 points 18 months after the operation, but then declined to a plateau of about 80 points; 59% of patients considered their shoulders to be 'much better' or 'better' but there was a failure rate of 36.1%. For the RF group the mean Walch-Duplay and Constant scores were 80 points at the various follow-up times; 76.3% of patients considered their shoulder to be 'much better' or 'better'. RF failed in nine shoulders (23.7%). These results match some clinical series of patients with multidirectional instability, undergoing open inferior capsular shift, with a similar rate of failure. We believe that the minimal morbidity involved makes thermal shrinkage a viable alternative to open capsular shift in this difficult group of patients.

Complications of tibial shaft soccer fractures.

A retrospective study of AO type 42 tibial diaphyseal fractures that presented to a teaching hospital over a 54 month period was made to identify the proportion sustained whilst playing soccer, determine their characteristics and report treatment and outcome. Sport accounts for 73/329 (22.1%) of these fractures and soccer 58/73 (79. 5%) of these. All patients were male with mean age of 24.3 years (range 8-48). Fifty-four fractures were closed and 93.1% (54/58) were situated in the middle third or at the junction of the middle and distal thirds of the diaphysis. Fifty-six (96.6%) had simple or wedge patterns and 45 (77.6%) were right sided. Forty-four (76.2%) were treated non-operatively in plaster, 12 (20.3%) by intramedullary nails and two (3.4%) with external fixators. Two patients were lost to follow-up and the remaining 56 fractures united at a mean of 6.5 months. There were 21 complications in 19/56 (33.9%) patients which included 8/56 (14.3%) delayed/non-unions requiring surgery. There was a significantly higher complication rate for operated fractures (p<0.005) but no significant link to AO fracture type. Thus we cannot assume that treatment of these common fractures is without risk, especially if they are treated operatively.

Primary tumors of the elbow: a review of the Leeds Regional Bone Tumour Registry.

A review of the Leeds Regional Bone Tumour Registry found that primary tumors of the elbow constituted 25 (1.2%) of the 2154 cases recorded between 1958 and 1992. Fifty percent occurred in the ulna, 20% in the radius, 20% in the humerus, and 10% in the soft tissues. Benign tumors were more common than malignant ones (19 versus 6). Malignant tumors occurred more frequently in older patients (mean age: 45 years) compared with patients with benign tumors (mean age: 17 years). The correct preoperative diagnosis was made on clinical or radiologic findings in only 16 patients, and the histologic diagnosis of the referring pathologist was changed by the Bone Tumour Registry panel in one case. In view of the difficulty of accurately diagnosing primary bone tumors, all such lesions should be referred to a regional bone tumor registry. Such registries can provide valuable information about these uncommon conditions for research, teaching, and education.

Aquaflo pump vs FMS 4 pump for shoulder arthroscopic surgery.

A prospective controlled trial was carried out to compare two different fluid delivery systems used for shoulder arthroscopy. One an advanced pump system that controls both pressure and flow of fluid delivered, the other an air-driven diaphragm pump that only controls fluid pressure. Blood loss, presence of bleeding vessels and visual clarity were parameters used to assess the pump systems. There was no difference between the pumps in straightforward shoulder procedures. However, complicated and prolonged procedures benefited from the use of the advanced pump system.

[The predictive signs of multivessel coronary disease in echocardiography with dobutamine]. / Signos predictores de enfermedad coronaria multivaso en la ecocardiografía con dobutamina.

AIMS: To assess the ability of dobutamine echocardiography to detect multivessel coronary artery disease and to determine predictive factors for multivessel disease with or without beta-blockers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 101 patients underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography and coronary angiography (evaluation of chest pain 76, extent of coronary disease after myocardial infarction 19, other indications 6). RESULTS: Ten patients in whom the test was prematurely terminated were excluded. Out of 91 patients who underwent dobutamine echocardiography, 54 patients had multivessel disease (sensitivity of dobutamine test 93%, specificity 46%). Heart rate at the maximum dose of dobutamine or atropine was 88 +/- 21 beats/min for multivessel diseases and 104 +/- 21 beats/min without multivessel disease (p < 0.001). A cut-off value < 94 beats/min discriminated patients at risk for multivessel disease. After adjusting for treatment with beta-blockers, heart rate < 94 beats/min, ECG signs of ischemia, and abnormalities on baseline echocardiogram with remote asynergies during dobutamine testing were independent predictors of multivessel disease in the multivariate analysis (probability > 90% when at least two factors were present). CONCLUSION: A heart rate < 94 beats/min at peak dose of dobutamine or after atropine, ECG signs of ischemia, and the presence of abnormalities on echocardiogram at rest with remote asynergies during dobutamine stress testing were independent predictive factors of multivessel coronary artery disease.

[The therapeutic utilization of magnesium: medical consequences]. / Etude sur l'utilisation thérapeutique du magnésium: conséquences galéniques.

To optimize a pharmaceutical formulation, one has to take into account physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, therapeutical and technological properties of the active principle. These properties are investigated in the PREFORMULATION phase. The authors envisage dosage form (capsule) of magnesium and describe two aspects of the active principle: therapeutic and biopharmaceutic.

[Pharmaceutical engineering in drug formulation]. / Le génie pharmaceutique au service de la formulation des médicaments.

The industrial pharmacist, a "pharmaceutical engineer"? The prospect is tempting if only beneficial to drug quality. The Pharmaceutical Engineering comes from Chemical Engineering and Engineer sciences and allows the pharmacist to achieve his aim. We define here the basis of this recent concept, its intervention and interest in the pharmaceutical sciences, more particularly in formulation.