Accuracy of 3D virtual surgical planning for maxillary positioning and orientation in orthognathic surgery.

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective and observational study evaluated the accuracy of a 3D virtual surgical planning (VSP) for the maxillary positioning and orientation in patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, comparing the planned and postoperative outcomes. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Seventy consecutive patients of both sexes, who were submitted to bimaxillary orthognathic surgery between 2015 and 2019 were included in our study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were evaluated by fusing preoperative planning and postoperative outcome using cone-beam computed tomography scan evaluation. Three-dimensional VSP and postoperative outcomes were compared by using three linear and three angular measurements. The main outcome interest was the difference between the VSP movement, and the surgical movement obtained. The success criterion adopted was a mean linear difference of <2 mm and a mean angular difference of <4°. RESULTS: Results were analysed using a linear mixed model with fixed and random effects, at α = .05. No significant statistical differences were found for linear and angular measurements between the planned and postsurgical outcomes (P > .05). All overlapping points presented values within the range considered clinically irrelevant (<2 mm; <1°). CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional VSP was executed with a high degree of accuracy. When comparing the planned and postsurgical outcomes, all overlapping points presented values within the range considered clinically irrelevant.

Production and Characterization of IgY against Canine IgG: Prospect of a New Tool for the Immunodiagnostic of Canine Diseases

This study describes the production of a new avian polyclonal antibody (IgY) against canine IgG, as another tool for the immunodiagnostic using IgY technology. The immunization protocol caused neither deaths nor pathologies, and no decline in egg laying capacity was detected. The total concentration of isolated IgY was constant, without significant difference (p> 0.05), with average of 97.55 mg of IgY/yolk. The IgY revealed a strong sensitivity and specificity in recognition against canine IgG by ELISA. After the immunization, there was a significant increase in the production of IgY specific from the first to the second month (p <0.05), reaching a stable peak without decrease in the production by the end of the analysis period (p > 0.05). The IgY demonstrated a suitable specificity in Western blot against the purified and serum canine IgG, not enabling recognition of canine IgM or IgG of other animal species. The specific IgY in the egg yolks of immunized hens proved to be a molecule with an appropriate purity and desired specificity against the immunizing antigen. Moreover, its constant production in large quantities during the four months analyzed indicated that IgY antibody production technology could be considered as an excellent alternative to the standard methods.

Anticorpos aviários como reagentes para o diagnóstico da intoxicação humana por organofosforados / Avian antibodies as reagents for diagnosis of human poisoning by organophosphorus

Os agrotóxicos são substâncias usadas para exterminar pragas ou doenças quecausam danos às plantações. Os organofosforados são agrotóxicos responsáveis por 70 por cento das intoxicações ocupacionais e atuam inibindo a enzima acetilcolinesterase por meio da fosforilação do aminoácido serina do sítio ativo. Existem diversos métodos de diagnóstico para monitorar a exposição a estes compostos, tais como: identificação e análise quantitativa de compostos livres noplasma; identificação e análise quantitativa de metabólitos na urina; determinação da atividade de colinesterases no plasma ou no sangue total. Entretanto, estas metodologias possuem algumas limitações, como por exemplo, a falta de especificidade, tecnologias de análise caras e variações interindividuais (sexo, idade, etc.). Uma tentativa de contornar estas limitações na quantificação da atividade de colinesterases é o desenvolvimento de metodologias baseadas na detecção da enzima fosforilada através de técnicas imunoquímicas. Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um método de imunoensaio para o diagnósticorápido da exposição humana aos organofosforados pela detecção deacetilcolinesterase inibida no sangue humano por anticorpos aviários produzidos contra uma sequência de aminoácidos ao redor da serina fosforilada do centro catalítico da enzima. Para isto, foram adquiridos dois decapeptídeos sintéticos correspondentes ao sítio catalítico "não fosforilado" (SOH) e outro com o resíduo de serina fosforilado (SOP). Estes peptídeos foram conjugados com albumina bovina de soro (BSA), injetados em galinhas poedeiras da raça Isa-Brown e anticorpos IgY foram obtidas das gemas dos ovos das galinhas imunizadas. A especificidade dos anticorpos IgY anti-SOH e anti-SOP foi testada por meio de métodos ELISA constatando-se que estes anticorpos reconhecem os peptídeos livres, os peptídeos conjugados com BSA e a própria BSA...