RESUMEN
This paper presents the results of a research in urban ethnobotany, conducted in a market of Bolivian immigrants in the neighborhood of Liniers, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Functional foods and nutraceuticals belonging to 50 species of 18 families, its products, and uses were recorded. Some products are exclusive from the Bolivian community; others are frequent within the community, but they are also available in the general commercial circuit; they are introduced into it, generally, through shops called dietéticas ("health-food stores"), where products associated with the maintenance of health are sold. On this basis, the traditional and nontraditional components of the urban botanical knowledge were evaluated as well as its dynamics in relation to the diffusion of the products. Both the framework and methodological design are innovative for the studies of the urban botanical knowledge and the traditional markets in metropolitan areas.
RESUMEN
This contribution includes the results of a study within Urban Ethnobotany about those Legumes employed with medicinal and food purposes in the biggest conurbation of Argentina: Greater Buenos Aires-Greater La Plata. Plants, parts of them and derived products were evaluated. Products that circulate in diverse shops of the area correspond to 32 taxa. Those are catalogued as products with generalized diffusion (present in the general commercial circuit), restricted diffusion (restricted to groups of Bolivian and Asians immigrants taken as reference) and expanding diffusion (species which products are passing from restricted to general circuit, from their access in health stores called dietéticas). Besides, the paper includes 35 taxa native and adventitious in the area, that have been recorded as food and medicine, and 36 taxa cultivated as ornamental, that are employed in other regions but not in the study area with therapeutic and food purposes. These results contribute to the definition of urban botanical knowledge here presented, as a complex corpus that includes traditional and non traditional components. Likewise, they contribute to the study of the dynamics of this knowledge, expressed by those plant products that are in expansion in the commercial circuit.
Este trabajo incluye los resultados de un estudio de Etnobotánica urbana sobre las Leguminosas utilizadas con fines medicinales y alimentarios en la mayor conurbación de la Argentina, que comprende el Gran Buenos Aires y el Gran La Plata. Se evaluaron plantas, partes de las mismas y productos obtenidos a partir de ellas. A 32 taxones corresponden productos que circulan en diversos comercios del área, catalogados como de difusión generalizada (circuito comercial general), restringida (a grupos de inmigrantes bolivianos y asiáticos tomados como referencia) y en expansión (especies cuyos productos pasan del circuito restringido al general, a partir de su ingreso en los comercios llamados dietéticas). Además, se incluyen 35 taxones nativos y adventicios del área con registro de usos terapéuticos y alimentarios; y 36 taxones cultivados como ornamentales, empleados en otras regiones para la alimentación y con fines medicinales, pero no utilizados en el área. Estos resultados contribuyen a la definición de conocimiento botánico urbano aquí presentada, en tanto conjunto complejo que incluye componentes tradicionales y no tradicionales; asimismo, aportan al estudio de la dinámica de dicho conocimiento, que se expresa en los productos vegetales que se hallan en expansión dentro el circuito comercial.
