[To 70th anniversary of the Victory: activities of V.A. Obukh Central Institute for Industrial hygiene and Occupational diseases with USSR Narkomzdrav during Great Patriotic War].

The article covers data on activities of scientists and staffers of VA. Obukh Central Institute for Industrial hygiene and Occupational diseases with USSR Narkomzdrav during Great Patriotic War, on role of occupational therapists and hygienists in solving problems of better medical and sanitary care for workers engaged into defence industry.

[Forecasting decrease in performance and health disorders under exposure to work intensity factors in accordance with work conditions class].

Results of complex physiologic and ergonomic, clinical and functional studies helped to justify approaches to quantitative evaluation and assessment of posssible decrease in performance and health disorders in workers in accordance with work conditions class of mental work. Linear regression dependence was established between work intensity class and performance decrease. The linear regression equation obtained enables to calculate a percentage of performance decrease in various work intensity classes. Intensive direct correlation was revealed between work intensity value and a percentage of individuals with diagnosed occupationally induced diseases.

[Features of hemostasis system and vascular epithelium growth factor in arterial hypertension with high occupational risk].

Study covered vascular, platelet, coagulation and fibrinolytic parts of hemostasis and vascular endothelial growth factor in individuals with arterial hypertension in various occupational groups.

[Evaluating diagnostic efficiency of vascular wall diseases via sphygmomanometry method].

The article covers study of 100 patients, supporting diagnostic efficiency of vascular wall pathology via sphygmomanometry in various age groups with various diseases.

[Methodic approaches to evaluation of visual performance in professional computer users].

Occupation-related and physiologic studies in workers using personal computers revealed variable degrees of changed visual performance in accordance with work conditions class and integral parameter of work intensity. Findings are that the performance change is caused by lower accomodation volume and decrease in temporary characteristics of clear vision stability. Correlation was established between work conditions class and percentage of the performance decrease during the working shift in videodisplay users.

[The physiological features of overstrain formation in mental work and its prevention].

Psychophysiological and biochemical studies have shown that significant neuro- emotional loads produce such functional status, which can be called overstrain. It was found out at the first time that the physiological and biochemical characteristics of overstrain based on the main parameters in mental work. The research proved the preventive measures of human body overstrain and can help to prevent the diseases related to work.

[Physiology of labour: modern theoretical and scientific-practical aspects].

Physiology of labour is the science that studies human being in the professional activity process. Theoretical and practical aspects include two fundamental and interrelated trends based on the theory of functional system. The first area concerns the development of criteria-based foundations of differential diagnostics of organism' various functional states, the return of functions and reserve opportunities. The second area is devoted physiological-ergonomic and hygienic standardization of labor process factors, different intensity and duration muscular and mental loads permissible levels substantiation, as well as in view of gender, age and other personal qualities of the employee.

[The study of functional status in the perception of visual information depending on the method of technical color mixing on LCD and DLP projectors technology].

The case of compare two ways of projection color visual images, characterized by different spatial-temporal characteristics of visual stimuli, presents the methodology and the set of techniques. Received comparative data, identifying risks of regulation disorder of the functional state and development general, mental and visual fatigue during prolonged strenuous visual activity, according to two types of test tasks, which are the most typical for the use of modern projectors to work with the audience, both inthe process of implementation of learning technologies and the collective take responsible decisions by expert groups that control of complex technological processes.

[International scientific activity of Occupational Medicine Research Institute in 2014].

The article presents results of international scrientific cooperation of the Institute in 2014, including participation in international conferences, forums, congresses.

[Protecting health of workers and predictive preventive personified medicine].

Industrial medicine is an integrated sphere of preventive medicine, aimed to regulate health of workers and concerned with scentific basis and practical application of means and methods to preserve and improve workers' health. The article covers major research trends in workers' health preservation, results of fundamental studies on pathogenetic mechanisms and developmental patterns of contemporary occupational and industrial pathologies, prospects of predictive personified trend development and its application in industrial medicine.

[Institute role in occupational health and industrial ecology scientific investigation development. International and national aspects].

The analyses of Institute activity main directions are briefly presented as well as Institute role in preventive medicine development, occupational health and industrial ecology key problems solving, international collaboration development, and WHO Global Plan of Action on Workers' Health 2008-2017 realization in the Russian Federation.

[Labor physiology role in workers of different type labor activity workability and health. Progress and prospects].

There are presented the data of workers overstrain and fatigue conditions mechanisms based on physiological, psychological and ergonomic aspects of work processes in different types of activities (mental, visual-strained, physical). 15-year historical analysis, current state and prospects of labor physiology methods development are shown. Complex physiological and ergonomic investigations have allowed developing the measures of work ability raise and diseases prevention for workers various professions. Obtained results provided the basis of development of regulatory documents in area of human organism strain physiological norms, consequences of psycho-emotional stress and overstrain prevention taking into account working conditions class.

[Criteria to evaluate hearing disorders under exposure to noise: comparative analysis of national and foreign methodic approaches].

Comparative analysis covered national and foreign criteria and methodic approaches to evaluation of hearing disorders due to noise exposure. Ways to improve these criteria and approaches are suggested, also in aim to harmonize them with the foreign ones.

[Contemporary aspects of maintenance and promotion of health of the workers employed at the aluminum production enterprises].

The exposure of the combined occupational hazards on the workers of aluminum plants results in the development of the occupational chronic diseases of bronchopulmonary and bone systems and oncopathology. Pathogenetic mechanisms of the toxic exposure of fluorides on the body as well as molecular and cellular structures are presented.

[Effect of 24-hour sleep deprivation on the oculomotor reactions of human operator].

The article presents the results of oculomotor reaction investigations during 24-hour sleep deprivation of 10 normal male subjects aged 25 to 30 yrs. Video nistagmograph VNG System VO-25 was used for binocular registration of eye movements. The proposed video procedures for assessment of the functional ability of human operator are a balancing test, investigation of saccadic and smooth tracking eye movements. The balancing test is designed to determine the nystagmic activity, the saccade test, latency, peak velocity and precision of saccades, and the smooth tracking test, standard errors in tracking velocity and displacement In addition to video oculography, velocity of a simple sensorimotor reaction was measured and the self-rating scale of well-being, alertness and mood (SAN) was employed. The balancing test showed balancing nystagmus; occurrence of this nystagmus grew high with desynchronosis. Saccades registered during sleep deprivation pointed to a considerable decline of velocity, less noticeable extension of latency and degradation of precision. Sleep deprivation reduced values of the mean coefficient of gain and increased the standard error in velocity and displacement of smooth eye tracking.

[I.M. Sechenov's creative development of ideas in aviation and space medicine].

Research carried outby the great Russian scholar I. M. Sechenov has significantly contributed to development of aviation physiology, medicine and psychology. His fundamental works consisted of discovery of the constancy of alveolar air composition theory, study of interactions of analyzers systems in solving the problem of human spatial orientation under flight conditions, development of a nervous theory of fatigue. Creative development of ideas by I. M. Sechenov allowed enhancing the efficiency of performing and safety of aviation and space flights.

[Interocular asymmetry of nystagmus and motion sickness].

Binocular video nystagmography was employed to study the human vestibulo-ocular reaction to the double rotation test used in medical flight certification to assess vestibulo-vegetative stability. Purpose of the investigation was to establish an interrelation between parameters of the nystagmus reaction to rotation and severity of motion sickness (MS). The total of 135 medically certified flying men aged 23 to 47 years were subject to testing by intermittent Coriolis accelerations accumulation according to Bryanov's procedure. The vestibulo-vegetative reaction was assessed by the criteria of vegetative reactivity and protective movements. The closed-mask binocular test was performed during and after rotation, It was shown that interocular nystagmus asymmetry is linked directly with MS severity. Asymmetry coefficients are proposed for unidirectional nystagmus during inclinations (C(ai)) and straightening (C(as)) and for time of convergent rotational nystagmus during inclinations (T(ci)) and straightening (T(cs)). Coefficients C(ai) and T(ci) were found to correlate with MS severity (p < 0.05). From the data of the investigation it was deduced that the mechanism of MS during double rotation amounts to intravestibular interlabyrinthine conflict.

[The contribution of military aviation and space medicine to the biomedical support of the first flight into space].

April 12, 2011 Humanity celebrated 50 years of one of the greatest achievements of the twentieth century--the legendary flight of Y. Gagarin into space. In this study are highlighted the role and importance of military aviation and space medicine, and in particular, the State Scientific Research Testing Institute of Aviation and Space Medicine, Ministry of Defence of the USSR (now--the State Scientific Research Testing Institute of Military Medicine, Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov) in the preparation and conduct of flight of Yu.A.Gagarin.

[Occupationally mediated morbidity in aviation specialists].

General hygienic evaluation covered workplaces of aviation engineers and technicians and showed that work conditions of these occupations are characterized mainly by exposure to noise and infrasound, that are assigned to hazardous (3.4) and jeopardized (4) classes. Analysis of periodic medical examinations results helped to justify evidence based occupational and occupationally mediated diseases.

[Safe levels of exposure to femtosecond laser impulse].

The authors present results of studies concerning organic retinal lesions in laboratory animals exposed to femtosecond laser impulse. Conclusions necessitate changes of present laser safety norms on impulse effects of extra-short laser rays.