[Ghrelin deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes: the relationships with obesity, adipose tissue dysfunction and glucose variability].

AIM: Ghrelin, a peptide hormone mostly produced by stomach, plays an important role in regulation of feeding behavior, energy balance and glucose homeostasis. THE AIM: to determine the relationships between fasting serum levels of ghrelin, body composition, adipose tissue endocrine function and glucose variability (GV) in type 2 diabetic subjects with and without obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We observed 124 individuals with type 2 diabetes, including 42 non - obese subjects and 82 patients with obesity. Thirty non - obese healthy subjects were acted as control. The concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin in the fasting serum were determined by Multiplex analysis. Body composition was assessed with DEXA. The 24-hour and nocturnal GV parameters were derived from continuous glucose monitoring. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Ghrelin levels in patients with diabetes were decreased significantly as compared to control (p.

[Association of Serum Levels and Gene Polymorphism of Vascular Endothelium Growth Factor With Ischemic Heart Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients].

AIM: to study serum levels of vascular endothelium growth factor family peptides (VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGF-D) and functional gene polymorphisms of VEGFA gene (rs699947 and rs3025039) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) depending on the presence of ischemic heart disease (IHD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 196 Caucasian patients with T2D (age 43-70 years, 76 with IHD). The concentrations of VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGF-D in blood serum were determined by Multiplex assay. Twenty-four persons without diabetes and IHD served as controls. The genotyping of VEGFA polymorphism -2578A/C (rs699947) and +936C/ (rs3025039) was performed by TaqMan. RESULTS: Concentrations of VEGF-A and VEGF-C in patients with T2D were significantly lower than those in controls (p=0.03 and p=0.006, respectively). The level of VEGF-D showed a tendency to decrease (p=0.14). Patients with IHD, as compared to other patients, had higher levels of VEGF-A (p=0.04) and a tendency to VEGF-D increase (p=0.06). The concentration of VEGF-C was not different between groups. No relationships were found between VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGF-D levels, HbA1c or glucose variability parameters. C-allele and CC-genotype at +936 position of VEGFA were more frequent among patients with IHD (odds ratio 2.14 and 2.41, respectively, p=0.02). The rs699947 polymorphism was not related to IHD and VEGF-A levels. CONCLUSION: Patients with T2D have decreased serum levels of angiogenic factors VEGF-A and VEGF-C. VEGFA rs3025039 polymorphism is associated with presence of IHD and levels of circulating VEGF-A in these patients.