[Tobacco and alcohol consumption in women treated for breast cancer in a department of surgical oncology: Frequent behaviours to consider]. / Consommations de tabac et d'alcool chez des femmes traitées pour un cancer du sein dans un service de chirurgie oncologique : des comportements fréquents à considérer.

INTRODUCTION: Tobacco and alcohol represent the two most important risk factors increasing cancer incidence and mortality, particularly among women with breast cancer. However, few researches have focused on the consumption of psychoactive substances in women treated for breast cancer. The present study describes the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption and their relationships with the sociodemographic, medical and psychological variables in a population of women receiving surgery treatment for breast cancer. METHODS: Between October 2014 and August 2015, a group of women receiving breast cancer treatment were recruited to participate to a screening and brief intervention program (SBI) for the consumption of tobacco and alcohol, adapted to the oncology context. Data on tobacco and alcohol consumption were collected using two questionnaires : the smoking status identification (NIDA) and alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C). A questionnaire for socio- demographic data and two for psychological data (Thermometer of psychological distress; ESAS), have been used. The medical data were reported by participants and verified on medical records. RESULTS: In a total of 11 months, 120 women with breast cancer were included in this study. A large majority of patients were hospitalized for a first-time cancer (80.8%), type invasive ductal carcinoma (70.8%) and were receiving surgery as primary treatment (45%). Furthermore, 30.8% of the women reported tobacco consumption and 38.4% high-risk alcohol consumption. Regarding mental health, 40.8% presented moderate to intense levels of psychological distress. No significant relationships were found between consumption scores and sociodemographic, medical or psychological characteristics. Only the patient's age was negatively associated with tobacco consumption. DISCUSSION: Tobacco and at-risk alcohol consumption are frequently reported behaviors during breast cancer treatment. Intervention strategies targeting risk behaviors related to addictive consumption should be implemented during the full treatment of breast cancer patients.

A single-center study on total mastectomy versus skin-sparing mastectomy in case of pure ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

INTRODUCTION: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) accounts for 15% of all breast cancers and generally, the prognosis is good if treated optimally. The standard treatment includes breast conservative surgery along with adjuvant radiotherapy. Skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) preserves the breast skin envelope but its oncological safety poses a few concerns. Moreover, no DCIS-specific studies have compared the local recurrence (LR) rate following total mastectomy (TM) or SSM. We evaluated the LR rate in DCIS patients who underwent either TM or SSM. METHODS: This is a retrospective study on women who underwent mastectomy with or without immediate breast reconstruction or secondary reconstruction for pure DCIS of the breast. All patients treated at Institut Bergonié by mastectomy for DCIS from January 1990 to December 2010 were included. LR and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated. RESULTS: The study population included 399 patients who were categorized into two groups, 207 in the TM group and 192 in the SSM group. At 10 years of follow-up, the LR rate was 0.97% in the TM group and 1.04% in the SSM group (p = NS). The OS of the entire population was 94.7% [95% CI; 91.6-96.7], 92.8% [95% CI, 87.9-95.8] for the TM group and 96.8% [95% CI, 91.6-98.8] for the SSM group. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, the LR rate following mastectomy is low, regardless of the surgical technique used, with an excellent OS at 10 years.

Neoadjuvant endocrine treatment in breast cancer: analysis of daily practice in large cancer center to facilitate decision making.

BACKGROUND: To examine outcomes of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy in daily practice to inform decision making. METHODS: We retrospectively selected 204 patients who received neoadjuvant endocrine therapy with T2 (≥30 mm) or T3 tumors, examining subsequent breast-sparing surgery and long-term outcomes. RESULTS: Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy was administered for 7.3 months (median) and breast-sparing surgery was achievable in 53% of patients. Smaller initial tumor size and modified version of the Scarff-Bloom and Richardson grades 1 to 2 were associated with breast-sparing surgery. Disease progression during treatment was 6.9%; actuarial risk of local relapse was 3% at 5 years and 15% at 10 years. Five- and 10-year metastasis relapse-free survival was 78% and 63%, respectively. Grade 3, negative progesterone receptors, and absence or slow response to neoadjuvant therapy were associated prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: These daily practice data provide important information about feasibility, efficacy, and long-term results of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy and can be used to inform patients for decision making between mastectomy and endocrine induction therapy.

[Accuracy of intraoperative imprint cytology of sentinel lymph nodes in cT1 infiltrating breast cancer]. / L'examen cytologique a-t-il encore sa place dans l'analyse extemporanée du ganglion sentinelle dans le cancer du sein ?

Intraoperative examination of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in breast cancer can avoid a new surgical procedure in case of positive SLN, but its value, efficacy and the methods used are still controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the imprint cytology intraoperative method of SLN analysis performed at our institution. We did a retrospective study of the sentinel lymph node procedures performed during a period of 24  months on cT1N0 unifocal breast cancers. Intraoperative procedure was mainly by imprint cytology (touch prep). A SLN procedure was performed on 187 women with 360 SLN. Two hundred and seventy-seven SLN among 156 women were analyzed intraoperatively by touch prep. 19/48 positive SLN were detected by intraoperative touch prep (sensitivity 39.6%; specificity 100%; positive predictive value 100%; negative predictive value 88.7%, accuracy 89.5%). False negative rate of cytological intraoperative examination of SLN was 11,2% by SLN and 18,3% by patient. By univariate analysis, this rate significantly increased with lymphovascular invasion, tumor size cT1b and c and histological SBR grade 2 or 3. By multivariate analysis, only lymphovascular invasion was a predictive factor of intraoperative touch prep failure (OR = 3.3; IC 1.3-8.4). Intraoperative imprint cytology of SLN in breast cancer is associated with a high rate of false negativity that questions its use in this setting.

Intra-operative radiotherapy of rectal cancer: results of the French multi-institutional randomized study.

PURPOSE: To assess efficacy and tolerance of intra-operative radiation therapy (IORT) in patients suffering from locally advanced rectal cancer, treated with preoperative radiotherapy followed by surgical resection. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this French, multicenter, comparative, phase III study, 142 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3 or T4 or N+, and M0), treated with a 4-week preoperative radiotherapy (40 grays) were randomly assigned to either surgical resection alone ( CONTROL GROUP: n=69) or combined to 18-gray intra-operative radiation therapy (IORT group: n=73) between 1993 and 2001. RESULTS: The 5-year cumulative incidence of local control was 91.8% with IORT and 92.8% with surgery alone (p=0.6018); the mean duration without local relapse (Kaplan-Meier method) was 107 versus 126 months, respectively. No statistically significant difference was demonstrated for overall survival (p=0.2578) disease-free survival (p=0.7808) and probability of metastatic relapse (p=0.6037) with 5-year cumulative incidences of 69.8% versus 74.8%, 63.7% versus 63.1%, and 26.1% versus 30.2%, respectively. 48 patients of the IORT group and 53 patients of the control group were alive with a median follow-up of 60.1 and 61.2 months, respectively. Post-operative complications were observed in the IORT group in 21 patients (29.6%) and in the control group in 13 patients (19.1%) (p=0.15), with an acceptable tolerance profile. CONCLUSIONS: Although this randomized study did not demonstrate any significant improvement in local control and disease-free survival in rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative radiation therapy receiving IORT or not, it confirmed the technical feasibility and the necessity for evaluating IORT for rectal carcinoma in further clinical studies.

[Postmastectomy pain syndrome evidence based guidelines and decision trees]. / Prise en charge du syndrome douloureux post-mastectomie: revue de la littérature pour des recommandations de bonnes pratiques evidence based et proposition d'arbres de décision.

A multidisciplinary expert group had reviewed all scientific data available of post mastectomy pain syndrome. Seventy six publications were retained and thirty evidence based diagnosis, treatment and follow-up recommendations are listed. Few of theses recommendations are classed level A. Datas analysis make possible to propose a strategy based on systematic association of drugs, kinesitherapy and psychological support. Evaluation and closer follow-up are necessary. Several decisional trees are proposed.

Mammography of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: review of 909 cases with radiographic-pathologic correlations.

We retrospectively analysed mammographies of 909 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (1980-1999) and compared our results to those of literature. Microcalcifications were present in 75% of the cases, and soft-tissue abnormalities in 27% cases with association with calcifications in 14% of cases. Palpable masses were found in 12% of the cases and nipple discharge was present in 12% of the cases. The radiographic-pathologic correlation allowed to suspect the DCIS "aggressiveness" on radiologic signs. Granular, linear, branching and/or galactophoric topography of the microcalcifications were correlated with necrosis, grade 3, comedocarcinoma type. A number of microcalcifications higher than 20 was correlated with necrosis and grade 3. Mammographic size was correlated to histologic size. Masses were correlated with grade 1. A diagnosis strategy can be proposed with a multidisciplinar approach.

[Diagnostic approach to breast papillary lesions]. / Approche diagnostique dans les lesions papillaires du sein.

Breast papillary lesions are difficult to interpret and include a large variety of benign, atypical and malignant lesions. We report the case of a 41-Year-old woman presenting with an intracystic papillary carcinoma, in order to illustrate our pragmatic diagnostic approach, which includes the use of a decision tree, useful for differentiating the different types of breast papillary lesions.