Effect of education given to children with enuresis on quality of life.

INTRODUCTION: The quality of life of children diagnosed with enuresis is affected negatively compared with that of healthy children. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the education program given within the framework of nursing activities on the quality of life of children diagnosed with enuresis. STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted on 60 children aged 7-12 years who applied to the urology clinic of a hospital in Turkey and were diagnosed with enuresis. Data were collected using the Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire (PINQ). Children who met the study criteria were divided into two groups, control and experimental, using the random draw method. Participants in the experimental group were educated by the researcher with using the Enuresis Education Booklet. RESULTS: Of the 60 children, 43.3% were aged 7-8 years and 63.3% were male. At baseline, the children in the control group revealed a total mean PINQ score of 45.00 ± 11.52, and the total mean PINQ score was 45.80 ± 12.05 at 1 month. At baseline, the children in the experimental group revealed a total mean PINQ score of 47.00 ± 11.88, and the total mean PINQ score of was 32.404 ± 8.62 at 1 month. A measurement carried out in the education and control groups 1 month later showed a statistically significant difference in the total mean PINQ scores (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Explaining the disease thoroughly to a child created a positive effect on the child's quality of life.

Effect of White Noise and Lullabies on Pain and Vital Signs in Invasive Interventions Applied to Premature Babies.

BACKGROUND: Preterm babies are exposed to many repetitive painful interventions in NICU. AIMS: This study aimed to comparatively determine the effect of white noise and lullabies on pain perception and vital signs of premature babies during painful interventions. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trialParticipants/Subjects; A sample group of 66 premature babies with a gestational age of 3237 weeks and a weight more than 1000 g were included in this study conducted between May and August 2019 in the NICU of a university hospital. METHODS: The babies were randomly divided into three groups: lullaby, white noise, and control. The behavioral responses of the babies were recorded with a camera during the whole procedure. Before, during, and after the procedure, the heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation level were measured and recorded, and the pain was evaluated using the premature infant pain profile (PIPP) after the procedure. The mean PIPP score, heart rate during and after the procedure, mean respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were significantly lower in the white noise and lullaby groups compared with the control group (P < 0.001). RESULTS: The premature babies in the white noise group were found to have the lowest mean PIPP score, mean heart rate, and respiratory rate, and the highest mean oxygen saturation rate (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The white noise and lullabies played to premature babies during the blood collection process were effective in pain reduction, and the pain score was lower in the white noise group than in the lullaby group.

The effect of virtual reality on Children's anxiety, fear, and pain levels before circumcision.

BACKGROUND: Circumcision is one of the oldest and most frequently performed surgical interventions in many societies across the world. Boys undergoing this procedure experience anxiety and fear during the preoperative period. In addition, postoperative pain in children is reported to be associated with anxiety and fear. AIM: This study aimed to examine the effects of using virtual reality (VR) intervention before circumcision on the pre-and postoperative anxiety and fear levels and postoperative pain symptoms in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This randomized controlled experimental study included 5-10-year-old boys referred to a pediatric hospital for circumcision between June and September 2019. Randomization was performed using the randomized block design, and the subjects were divided into control (n = 38) and experimental (n = 40) groups. The data were collected using a participant information form, the children's fear scale (CFS), the children's anxiety meter scale (CAM-S), and the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBS); data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 package program. RESULTS: Of the children included in the study, 59% were between the ages of five and six years and 78.2% had no previous hospital experience. Children in the experimental group had significantly lower mean scores of CAM-S and CFS in the pre-and postoperative periods than those in the control group. Also, the mean postoperative WBS score was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. DISCUSSION: Results of this study were similar to those reported previously that VR interventions were effective in reducing fear and anxiety in the preoperative period (Dehghan et al., 2019, Ryu et al., 2018; Olbrechta et al., 2020). Previous studies have shown that patient immersion in interactive VR provides a distraction from painful stimuli and can decrease an individual's perception of the pain (Pouarmand et al., 2018; Chad et al., 2018). CONCLUSION: Distracting children using a VR intervention before circumcision decreased their anxiety and fear both before and after the surgery, and it was found that the pain symptoms were lower in the postoperative period.