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1.
Acta Paul. Enferm. (Online) ; 37: eAPE00512, 2024. tab, graf
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermería | ID: biblio-1533322

RESUMEN

Resumo Objetivo Mapear as evidências disponíveis sobre as ações do óxido nítrico na fisiopatologia da sepse e sua relação com a gravidade de pacientes sépticos. Método Revisão de escopo de acordo com a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute. Realizou-se busca por estudos que evidenciaram as ações do óxido nítrico na sepse e se o seu aumento está associado à gravidade de pacientes sépticos. Dois revisores independentes fizeram o mapeamento das informações utilizando um instrumento de extração de dados previamente elaborado. Os dados foram analisados quanto à sua relevância, sendo posteriormente extraídos e sintetizados. Resultados De 1342 estudos, 11 foram incluídos na revisão. O primeiro foi publicado em 2017 e o último, em 2022. A maioria foi desenvolvida nos Estados Unidos, na China e na Alemanha. Os estudos apresentaram informações referentes as ações do óxido nítrico, sintetizando sua biodisponibilidade e os inibidores endógenos relacionados a sua produção, além de abordarem a relação do óxido nítrico com a gravidade da sepse. Conclusão A produção de óxido nítrico fisiológico durante a sepse atua como protetor vascular, principalmente na microcirculação, porém, em altas concentrações, contribui para a disfunção vascular, que subverte a fisiologia da regulação da pressão arterial, causando profunda vasodilatação e hipotensão refratária e aumentando a gravidade de pacientes sépticos.


Resumen Objetivo Mapear las evidencias disponibles sobre las acciones del óxido nítrico en la fisiopatología de la sepsis y su relación con la gravedad de pacientes sépticos. Métodos Revisión de alcance de acuerdo con la metodología del Joanna Briggs Institute. Se realizó una búsqueda de estudios que evidenciaron las acciones del óxido nítrico en la sepsis y si su aumento estaba asociado a la gravedad de pacientes sépticos. Dos revisores independientes hicieron el mapeo de la información utilizando un instrumento de extracción de datos previamente elaborado. Los datos se analizaron respecto a su relevancia, para luego extraerlos y sintetizarlos. Resultados De 1342 estudios, se incluyeron 11 en la revisión. El primero fue publicado en 2017 y el último en 2022. La mayoría se realizó en Estados Unidos, China y Alemania. Los estudios presentaron información referente a las acciones del óxido nítrico, sintetizando su biodisponibilidad y los inhibidores endógenos relacionados con su producción, además de abordar la relación del óxido nítrico con la gravedad de la sepsis. Conclusión La producción de óxido nítrico fisiológico durante la sepsis actúa como protector vascular, principalmente en la microcirculación. Sin embargo, en altas concentraciones, contribuye a la disfunción vascular, que subvierte la fisiología de la regulación de la presión arterial, causa una profunda vasodilatación e hipotensión refractaria y aumenta la gravedad de pacientes sépticos. Registro da revisão de escopo no Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MXDK2


Abstract Objective Map the available evidence on the actions of nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of sepsis and its relationship with the severity of sepsis in patients. Method Scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A search was carried out for studies that highlighted the actions of nitric oxide in sepsis, informing whether its increase is associated with the severity of sepsis in patients. Two independent reviewers mapped the information using a previously designed data extraction instrument. The data was analyzed for its relevance and then extracted and synthesized. Results Eleven of 1342 studies were included in the review. The first of them was published in 2017 and the last in 2022. Most of them were developed in the USA, China, and Germany. Studies have reported the actions and bioavailability of nitric oxide and endogenous inhibitors related to its production, and related nitric oxide to the severity of sepsis. Conclusion The physiological production of nitric oxide during sepsis acts as a vascular protector, mainly in the microcirculation but contributes to vascular dysfunction in high concentrations, subverting the regulation of blood pressure, causing deep vasodilation and refractory hypotension, and increasing the severity of sepsis in patients. Registration of the scoping review in the Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MXDK2

2.
Brain Behav Immun Health ; 31: 100654, 2023 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37449286

RESUMEN

Sepsis is associated with numerous physiological and biochemical abnormalities that result in a life-threatening condition. The involvement of the Central Nervous System (CNS) during sepsis has received considerable attention, especially the hippocampus which plays a key role in the learning and memory processes. The increased interest in this limbic region during systemic inflammation (SI) is related to the number of sepsis survivor patients who have cognitive impairments. A single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation is the most commonly used murine endotoxemia model because it replicates several pathophysiological changes observed in severe sepsis. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been used as an anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategy to prevent neuroinflammation. However, the mechanisms by which inhaled H2 mitigate memory loss during SI remains unknown. To understand how H2 acts in the hippocampus, the current study focused on specific mechanisms that may be involved in reducing neuroinflammation in rats during SI. We hypothesized that inhaled H2 decreases LPS-induced hippocampal pro-inflammatory cytokines surges and this effect is associated with reduced memory loss. Using different and integrative approaches, i.e., from hippocampal cells electrophysiology to animal behavior, we report that inhaled H2 decreased LPS-induced peripheral and hippocampal inflammation, decreased microglial and astrocytic activation, lessen memory loss without affecting long-term potentiation (LTP). To our knowledge, this is the first evidence showing that inhaled H2 reduces hippocampal microglial and glial cells inflammation, which may be associated with a reduced memory impairment induced by SI.

3.
Lasers Med Sci ; 37(6): 2753-2762, 2022 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35391589

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the participation of nitric oxide (NO) in the hypotensive and vasorelaxation effect induced by PBM using an aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) diode laser (660 nm). Male Wistar rats were treated with the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L-NAME). A red laser (660 nm; 63 J/cm2; 56 s/point) was applied to the abdominal region at six different points. Thoracic aorta was dissected for vascular reactivity study, and a laser (660 nm; 96 J/cm2; 56 s) was applied after incubation with the NO donor DETA-NO, PBS, or hydroxicobalamin. Endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with DETA-NO or CuSO4, and then, PBM (63 J/cm2) was applied, and the nitric oxide was detected. Hypertensive L-NAME rats did not exhibit a decrease in blood pressure after PBM. PBM promoted vasodilation in the aorta isolated from normotensive rats, and less effect in the aorta of L-NAME rats and the addition of the NO donor, DETA-NO, promoted greater vasodilation by PBM in the aorta of L-NAME rats. In endothelial cells, an increase in NO, after PBM, was detected; however, with the addition of CuSO4, which catalyzes the decomposition of NO storage, there was no detection of NO after PBM. The results of this study demonstrate that the hypotensive and vasodilatory effect of PBM with a red laser at 660 nm is modulated by the release of nitric oxide from the storage.


Asunto(s)
Hipotensión , Vasodilatación , Aluminio/farmacología , Animales , Arsenicales , Células Endoteliales , Galio , Láseres de Semiconductores/uso terapéutico , Masculino , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacología , Óxido Nítrico , Donantes de Óxido Nítrico/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar
4.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 56: e20210393, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34989392

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To verify researchers-nurses' knowledge about trends in scientific publishing and good research practices. METHOD: A descriptive study carried out through an online survey with 197 nurses holding master's and/or doctoral degrees from all Brazilian regions. To raise knowledge, a validated, self-administered and anonymous questionnaire with 18 questions on the subject was used. Descriptive and inferential analyzes were performed on researchers' scores (Mann-Whitney test). RESULTS: Among the specific questions, the mean of correct answers was 7.1: 6.4 for master's and 7.4 for doctoral degree holders. There was a significant difference in the mean of correct answers between masters and doctors (p = 0.025), and between productivity scholarship holders and non-scholarship holders (p = 0.021), according to mean difference tests. Questions about predatory editorial practices were those in which researchers had the worst knowledge. CONCLUSION: We identified that, regardless of the education level (master's or doctoral degree), nurses have little knowledge about the topics studied, which can compromise the quality of production and the scientific vehicles used to disseminate this knowledge.


Asunto(s)
Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Médicos , Brasil , Competencia Clínica , Humanos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
5.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP;56: e20210393, 2022. tab
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermería | ID: biblio-1356737

RESUMEN

Abstract Objective: To verify researchers-nurses' knowledge about trends in scientific publishing and good research practices. Method: A descriptive study carried out through an online survey with 197 nurses holding master's and/or doctoral degrees from all Brazilian regions. To raise knowledge, a validated, self-administered and anonymous questionnaire with 18 questions on the subject was used. Descriptive and inferential analyzes were performed on researchers' scores (Mann-Whitney test). Results: Among the specific questions, the mean of correct answers was 7.1: 6.4 for master's and 7.4 for doctoral degree holders. There was a significant difference in the mean of correct answers between masters and doctors (p = 0.025), and between productivity scholarship holders and non-scholarship holders (p = 0.021), according to mean difference tests. Questions about predatory editorial practices were those in which researchers had the worst knowledge. Conclusion: We identified that, regardless of the education level (master's or doctoral degree), nurses have little knowledge about the topics studied, which can compromise the quality of production and the scientific vehicles used to disseminate this knowledge.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar el conocimiento de investigadores-enfermeros sobre las tendencias en la publicación científica y las buenas prácticas de investigación. Método: Estudio descriptivo, realizado a través de una encuesta en línea con 197 enfermeros con maestría y/o doctorado de todas las regiones brasileñas. Para aumentar el conocimiento se utilizó un cuestionario validado, autoadministrado y anónimo con 18 preguntas sobre el tema. Sobre la puntuación de los investigadores, se realizaron análisis descriptivos e inferenciales (prueba de Mann-Whitney). Resultados: Entre las preguntas específicas, la media de aciertos fue de 7,1, siendo 6,4 para los másteres y 7,4 para los médicos. Hubo diferencia significativa en la media de aciertos entre maestros y doctores (p = 0,025), y entre becarios de productividad y no académicos (p = 0,021), según pruebas de diferencia de medias. Las preguntas sobre prácticas editoriales depredadoras eran aquellas en las que los investigadores tenían el peor conocimiento. Conclusión: Identificamos que, independientemente del nivel de formación (maestría o doctorado), los enfermeros tienen poco conocimiento sobre los temas estudiados, lo que puede comprometer la calidad de la producción y los vehículos científicos utilizados para difundir este conocimiento.


RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento de pesquisadores-enfermeiros sobre tendências em editoração científica e boas práticas em pesquisa. Método: Estudo descritivo, realizado por inquéritoonlinecom 197 enfermeiros com título de mestre e/ou doutor de todas as regiões brasileiras. Para levantar o conhecimento, utilizou-se um questionário validado, autoaplicável e anônimo com 18 questões sobre o assunto. Sobre o escore dos pesquisadores, realizaram-se análises descritivas e inferenciais (Teste de Mann-Whitney). Resultados: Entre as questões específicas, a média de acertos foi de 7,1, sendo 6,4 para mestres e 7,4 para doutores. Houve diferença significativa na média de acertos entre mestres e doutores (p = 0,025), e entre bolsistas e não bolsistas de produtividade (p = 0,021), segundo testes de diferença de médias. As questões sobre práticas editoriais predatórias foram aquelas em que os pesquisadores apresentaram pior conhecimento. Conclusão: Identificamos que, independente do grau de formação (mestrado ou doutorado), os enfermeiros têm baixo conhecimento sobre os temas estudados, o que pode comprometer a qualidade da produção e dos veículos científicos utilizados para disseminação desse conhecimento.


Asunto(s)
Edición , Enfermería , Investigación , Investigadores , Conocimiento , Comunicación Académica
6.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 28: e3403, 2020 Oct 05.
Artículo en Inglés, Español, Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33027410
7.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 28: e3290, 2020 Sep 07.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués, Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32901764

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: to analyze variations in body temperature and in plasma nitrate and lactate concentrations in rats submitted to the experimental sepsis model. METHOD: a total of 40 rats divided equally into five groups. The induction of endotoxemia was performed with intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide, 0.5 mg/Kg, 1.5 mg/Kg, 3.0 mg/Kg, and 10 mg/Kg, respectively. The control group received 0.5 mL of saline solution. The experiment lasted six hours, with evaluations performed at 0 (baseline data), 2nd, 4th, and 6thhours. RESULTS: The animals that received doses up to 3.0 mg/kg showed a significant increase in body temperature compared to the group with 10 mg/kg, which showed a decrease in these values. The increase in plasma nitrate and lactate concentrations in the groups with lipopolysaccharide was significantly higher than in the group that received the saline solution and was correlated with the increase in body temperature. CONCLUSION: the variations in body temperature observed in this study showed the dose-dependent effect of lipopolysaccharide and were correlated with the increase in the concentrations of nitrate and plasma lactate biomarkers. The implications of this study are the importance of monitoring body temperature, together with the assessment of these pathophysiological markers, which suggest worsening in the prognosis of sepsis.


Asunto(s)
Endotoxemia , Sepsis , Animales , Biomarcadores , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Lipopolisacáridos , Ratas
9.
Neurotox Res ; 38(4): 871-886, 2020 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32524380

RESUMEN

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy causes brain dysfunction that can result in cognitive impairments in sepsis survivor patients. In previous work, we showed that simvastatin attenuated oxidative stress in brain structures related to memory in septic rats. However, there is still a need to evaluate the long-term impact of simvastatin administration on brain neurodegenerative processes and cognitive damage in sepsis survivors. Here, we investigated the possible neuroprotective role of simvastatin in neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration conditions of brain structures related to memory in rats at 10 days after sepsis survival. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were submitted to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP, n = 42) or remained as non-manipulated (naïve, n = 30). Both groups were treated (before and after the surgery) by gavage with simvastatin (20 mg/kg) or an equivalent volume of saline and observed for 10 days. Simvastatin-treated rats that survived to sepsis showed a reduction in the levels of nitrate, IL1-ß, and IL-6 and an increase in Bcl-2 protein expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and synaptophysin only in the hippocampus. Immunofluorescence revealed a reduction of glial activation, neurodegeneration, apoptosis, and amyloid aggregates confirmed by quantification of GFAP, Iba-1, phospho Ser396-tau, total tau, cleaved caspase-3, and thioflavin-S in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In addition, treated animals presented better performance in tasks involving habituation memory, discriminative, and aversive memory. These results suggest that statins exert a neuroprotective role by upregulation of the Bcl-2 and gliosis reduction, which may prevent the cognitive deficit observed in sepsis survivor animals.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Disfunción Cognitiva/prevención & control , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Sepsis/tratamiento farmacológico , Simvastatina/uso terapéutico , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/patología , Disfunción Cognitiva/metabolismo , Disfunción Cognitiva/patología , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/farmacología , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/metabolismo , Masculino , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/metabolismo , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Sepsis/metabolismo , Sepsis/patología , Simvastatina/farmacología
10.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 28: e3290, 2020. graf
Artículo en Inglés | BDENF - Enfermería, LILACS | ID: biblio-1126966

RESUMEN

Objective: to analyze variations in body temperature and in plasma nitrate and lactate concentrations in rats submitted to the experimental sepsis model. Method: a total of 40 rats divided equally into five groups. The induction of endotoxemia was performed with intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide, 0.5 mg/Kg, 1.5 mg/Kg, 3.0 mg/Kg, and 10 mg/Kg, respectively. The control group received 0.5 mL of saline solution. The experiment lasted six hours, with evaluations performed at 0 (baseline data), 2nd, 4th, and 6thhours. Results: The animals that received doses up to 3.0 mg/kg showed a significant increase in body temperature compared to the group with 10 mg/kg, which showed a decrease in these values. The increase in plasma nitrate and lactate concentrations in the groups with lipopolysaccharide was significantly higher than in the group that received the saline solution and was correlated with the increase in body temperature. Conclusion: the variations in body temperature observed in this study showed the dose-dependent effect of lipopolysaccharide and were correlated with the increase in the concentrations of nitrate and plasma lactate biomarkers. The implications of this study are the importance of monitoring body temperature, together with the assessment of these pathophysiological markers, which suggest worsening in the prognosis of sepsis.


Objetivo: analisar as variações na temperatura corporal e nas concentrações de nitrato e lactato plasmáticos em ratos submetidos ao modelo de sepse experimental. Método: foram utilizados 40 ratos divididos igualmente em cinco grupos. A indução da endotoxemia foi realizada com administração endovenosa de lipopolissacarídeo, respectivamente 0,5 mg/Kg, 1,5 mg/Kg, 3,0 mg/Kg e 10 mg/Kg. O grupo controle recebeu 0,5 mL de solução salina. O experimento teve duração de seis horas, com avaliações realizadas na 0 (dados basais), 2a, 4a e 6a hora. Resultados: os animais que receberam doses de até 3,0 mg/Kg apresentaram aumento significativo na temperatura corporal em relação ao grupo com 10 mg/Kg, que apresentou diminuição nesses valores. O aumento nas concentrações de nitrato e lactato plasmáticos nos grupos com lipopolissacarídeo foi significativamente superior ao grupo que recebeu salina e esteve correlacionado com o aumento na temperatura corporal. Conclusão: as variações na temperatura corporal observadas neste estudo mostraram efeito dose dependentes de lipopolissacarídeo e estiveram correlacionadas com o aumento nas concentrações dos biomarcadores nitrato e lactato plasmáticos. O estudo traz como implicações, a importância no monitoramento da temperatura corporal, em conjunto com a avaliação destes marcadores fisiopatológicos, os quais sugerem agravamento no prognóstico da sepse.


Objetivo: analizar las variaciones de la temperatura corporal y de las concentraciones de nitrato y lactato en plasma en ratones sometidos a un modelo de sepsis experimental. Método: se utilizaron 40 ratones divididos en cinco grupos iguales. La inducción de la endotoxemia se realizó mediante administración intravenosa de 0,5 mg/Kg, 1,5 mg/Kg, 3,0 mg/Kg y 10 mg/Kg de lipopolisacárido, respectivamente. El grupo de control recibió 0,5 mL de solución salina. El experimento duró seis horas, con evaluaciones realizadas a la hora 0 (datos de referencia) y a la 2a, 4a y 6ahora. Resultados: los animales que recibieron dosis de hasta 3,0 mg/kg presentaron un aumento significativo de la temperatura corporal, en comparación con el grupo al que se le administró 10 mg/kg, que presentó una disminución de dichos valores. En los grupos a los que se les administró lipopolisacárido, el aumento en las concentraciones de nitrato y lactato en plasma fue significativamente mayor que en el grupo al que se le administró la solución salina y estuvo correlacionado con el aumento de la temperatura corporal. Conclusión: las variaciones de la temperatura corporal observadas en este estudio mostraron que los efectos dependieron de la dosis de lipopolisacárido, y estuvieron correlacionadas con el aumento en la concentración de biomarcadores, como el nitrato y lactato en plasma. El estudio reveló la importancia del control de la temperatura corporal, junto con la evaluación de estos marcadores fisiopatológicos, que sugieren un empeoramiento en el pronóstico de la sepsis.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Temperatura Corporal , Biomarcadores , Sepsis , Endotoxemia , Ácido Láctico , Modelos Animales , Suero , Administración Intravenosa , Óxido Nítrico
12.
Growth Horm IGF Res ; 48-49: 36-44, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31494533

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-inflammatory property of ghrelin treatment on the Growth Hormone (GH)/Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-1) axis in Wistar rats that have undergone endotoxemia. DESIGN: In this randomized animal study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 mg/kg; intraperitoneal) was administered to induce endotoxemia, and ghrelin (15 nmol/kg; endovenous) was injected simultaneously. Blood and liver samples were collected 2 h, 6 h and 12 h after LPS administration for analysis. MEASUREMENTS: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, beta (IL-1ß), and IL-6 from both blood and liver were determined by ELISA assay. Serum nitrate was determined by chemiluminescense. Growth hormone receptor (GHR) and growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR-1a) were determined by western blotting. GHR mRNA and IGF-1 mRNA were determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS: LPS administration induced a decrease in IGF-1 and GH serum levels, characterizing GH/IGF-1 axis disruption. Ghrelin treatment attenuated the decrease of serum levels of IGF-1 as well as the increase of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6 and nitrate induced by LPS. The increase of induced GHSR-1a protein expression seen in the LPS group after 2 h remained until 6 h after ghrelin treatment. However, attenuation of the circulating IGF-1 decrease by ghrelin treatment was not accompanied by changes in GHR protein expression nor GHR and IGF-1 gene expression. CONCLUSION: Ghrelin was able to attenuate changes in the GH/IGF-1 axis observed during systemic inflammation, which may be due to the modulation of pro-inflammatory mediators release.


Asunto(s)
Endotoxemia/metabolismo , Ghrelina/farmacología , Hormona del Crecimiento/metabolismo , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/metabolismo , Receptores de Somatotropina/metabolismo , Animales , Citocinas/metabolismo , Endotoxemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Endotoxemia/patología , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Masculino , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Wistar
17.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 49(1): 69-75, 2015 Feb.
Artículo en Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25789644

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of using antihypertensive classes of drugs of the calcium channel antagonists and inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme in plasma concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide in patients with hypertension. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with quantitative approach conducted with hypertensive patients in use of antihypertensive classes of drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or calcium channel antagonists. RESULTS: It was found that the concentration of plasma nitric oxide was significantly higher in hypertensive patients that were in use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (p<0.03) and the hydrogen sulphide concentration was significantly higher in hypertensive plasma in use of calcium channel antagonists (p<0.002). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that these medications have as additional action mechanism the improvement of endothelial dysfunction by elevate plasma levels of vasodilatory substances.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/uso terapéutico , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/sangre , Hipertensión/sangre , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Óxido Nítrico/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
18.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP;49(1): 69-75, Jan-Feb/2015. graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermería | ID: lil-742066

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of using antihypertensive classes of drugs of the calcium channel antagonists and inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme in plasma concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide in patients with hypertension. METHODS Cross-sectional study with quantitative approach conducted with hypertensive patients in use of antihypertensive classes of drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or calcium channel antagonists. RESULTS It was found that the concentration of plasma nitric oxide was significantly higher in hypertensive patients that were in use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (p<0.03) and the hydrogen sulphide concentration was significantly higher in hypertensive plasma in use of calcium channel antagonists (p<0.002). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that these medications have as additional action mechanism the improvement of endothelial dysfunction by elevate plasma levels of vasodilatory substances. .


OBJETIVO Evaluar el efecto del uso de antihipertensivos pertenecientes a las clases medicamentosas antagonistas de canales de calcio e inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina en las concentraciones plasmáticas de ácido sulfhídrico y óxido nítrico en portadores de hipertensión arterial sistémica. MÉTODO Estudio transversal con abordaje cuantitativo realizado con hipertensos que toman antihipertensivos de las clases de inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina o antagonistas de los canales de calcio. RESULTADOS Se verificó que la concentración de óxido nítrico plasmático fue significativamente mayor en hipertensos que estaban usando inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (p<0.03) y que la concentración de ácido sulfhídrico plasmático fue significativamente mayor en hipertensos en uso de antagonistas de los canales de calcio (p<0.002). CONCLUSIÓN Los hallazgos sugieren que dichos fármacos tienen como mecanismo de acción adicional la mejora de la disfunción endotelial al elevar los niveles plasmáticos de sustancias vasodilatadoras. .


OBJETIVO Avaliar o efeito do uso de anti-hipertensivos pertencentes às classes medicamentosas antagonistas de canais de cálcio e inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina nas concentrações plasmáticas de ácido sulfídrico e óxido nítrico em portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica. MÉTODO Estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa realizado com hipertensos em uso de anti-hipertensivos das classes inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina ou antagonistas dos canais de cálcio. RESULTADOS Verificou-se que a concentração de óxido nítrico plasmático foi significativamente maior em hipertensos que estavam em uso de inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (p<0.03) e que a concentração de ácido sulfídrico plasmático foi significativamente maior em hipertensos em uso de antagonistas dos canais de cálcio (p<0.002). CONCLUSÃO Os achados sugerem que essas medicações possuem como mecanismo de ação adicional a melhora da disfunção endotelial por elevar os níveis plasmáticos de substâncias vasodilatadoras. .


Asunto(s)
Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/uso terapéutico , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/sangre , Hipertensión/sangre , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Óxido Nítrico/sangre , Estudios Transversales
19.
Mediators Inflamm ; 2014: 896029, 2014.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25125801

RESUMEN

Cholecystokinin (CCK) was first described as a gastrointestinal hormone. However, apart from its gastrointestinal effects, studies have described that CCK also plays immunoregulatory roles. Taking in account the involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase- (iNOS-) derived NO in the sepsis context, the present study was undertaken to investigate the role of CCK on iNOS expression in LPS-activated peritoneal macrophages. Our results revealed that CCK reduces NO production and attenuates the iNOS mRNA expression and protein formation. Furthermore, CCK inhibited the nuclear factor- (NF-) κB pathway reducing IκBα degradation and minor p65-dependent translocation to the nucleus. Moreover, CCK restored the intracellular cAMP content activating the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway, which resulted in a negative modulatory role on iNOS expression. In peritoneal macrophages, the CCK-1R expression, but not CCK-2R, was predominant and upregulated by LPS. The pharmacological studies confirmed that CCK-1R subtype is the major receptor responsible for the biological effects of CCK. These data suggest an anti-inflammatory role for the peptide CCK in modulating iNOS-derived NO synthesis, possibly controlling the macrophage activation through NF-κB, cAMP-PKA, and CCK-1R pathways. Based on these findings, CCK could be used as an adjuvant agent to modulate the inflammatory response and prevent systemic complications commonly found during sepsis.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Colecistoquinina/farmacología , Macrófagos Peritoneales/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos Peritoneales/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo II/metabolismo , Animales , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Masculino , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos
20.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 22(1): 123-8, 2014.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués, Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24553712

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: to investigate whether there is a relationship between plasmatic levels of nitrate, body temperature, and blood pressure values in patients with sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock. METHOD: prospective observational study performed in a Brazilian hospital; data were collected from July to December 2009. Thirty blood samples were obtained from a total of 29 patients. Blood samples (10ml) were collected for subsequent laboratory analysis to determine nitrate levels in the plasma. RESULTS: nitric oxide synthesis is increased in patients with septic shock, and is inversely correlated to the body temperature values. CONCLUSION: these data show that the measurement of body temperature and the observation of hypothermic conditions in septic patients could be important to guide the nursing regarding the evolution of individuals with sepsis to septic shock.


Asunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea , Temperatura Corporal , Óxido Nítrico/sangre , Sepsis/sangre , Sepsis/fisiopatología , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos
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