Comparação da qualidade seminal de caprinos das raças Canindé e Alpina Britânica no Nordeste brasileiro / Comparison of the seminal quality of Canindé and British Alpine goats in the Brazilian Northeast

O estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade seminal de caprinos das raças Canindé (autóctone) e Alpina Britânica (exótica) no Nordeste brasileiro. O experimento foi realizado nos períodos de julho a setembro dos anos de 2015 e 2016. As coletas seminais foram realizadas com auxílio de vagina artificial, de machos das raças Canindé (n = 4) e Alpina Britânica (n = 7). Após a coleta, o sêmen foi avaliado quanto a: volume (ml), concentração (sptz/ml), motilidade (%) e vigor (1-5). Em seguida, diluído em ACP-101c e criopreservado em máquina TK3000TM. Posteriormente, foram analisados os parâmetros cinéticos, através do software SCA®, e a atividade mitocondrial. No sêmen fresco, as duas raças apresentaram valores de motilidade e concentração dentro do preconizado para a espécie. Entretanto, os valores de volume e circunferência escrotal foram superiores na raça Alpina Britânica (0,73 ml ± 0,32; 27,35 cm ± 2,09) do que na raça Canindé (0,36 ml ± 0,07; 23,25 cm ± 0,95) (p < 0,05). Já no sêmen descongelado, os parâmetros motilidade total - MT (36,96% ± 11,16 vs. 20,50% ± 14,15), motilidade progressiva - MP (26,67% ± 11,13 vs. 11,29% ± 9,42), vigor (2,91 ± 0,90 vs. 1,88 ± 0,67), velocidade curvilinear - VCL (78,12 µm/s ± 12,41 vs. 59,28 µm/s ± 15,57), velocidade linear - VSL (49,23 µm/s ± 9,87 vs. 29,9 µm/s ± 9,48), velocidade média da trajetória - VAP (66,08 µm/s ± 12,77 vs. 45,70 µm/s ± 12,20), linearidade - LIN (62,97% ± 6,96 vs. 49,54%±9,50), retilinearidade - STR (74,63% ± 6,44 vs. 65,77% ± 8,92), e oscilação - WOB (84,32% ± 5,94 vs. 74,42% ± 7,31) foram superiores para a raça Canindé em detrimento à Alpina Britânica (p < 0,05). Portanto, o sêmen fresco das duas raças podem ser utilizados em biotécnicas reprodutivas. Já o sêmen pós-descongelação da raça Canindé apresentou melhor qualidade, provavelmente pelos animais estarem mais adaptados às condições adversas da região Nordeste, sendo recomendado para programas de inseminação artificial.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the sperm quality of Canindé (native) and British Alpine (exotic) goats in the Northeast of Brazil. The experiment was carried out from July to September of the years 2015 and 2016. Sperm collections of Canindé (n = 4) and British Alpine (n = 7) males were performed using artificial vagina. After collection, the sperm was evaluated for volume (ml), concentration (sptz/ml), motility (%), and vigor (1-5). Then diluted in ACP-101c and cryopreserved in TK3000TM machine. Subsequently, kinetic parameters were analyzed through SCA TM software and mitochondrial activity. In fresh sperm, the two races presented values of motility and concentration within the recommended for the specie. However, volume and scrotal circumference values were higher in the British Alpine breed (0.73 mL ± 0.32; 27.35 cm ± 2.09) than in the Canindé breed (0.36 mL ± 0.07; 23 , 25 cm ± 0.95) (p <0.05). In the thawed sperm, the parameters total motility - TM (36.96% ± 11.16 vs. 20.50% ± 14.15), progressive motility - PM (26.67% ± 11.13 vs. 11.29 % ± 9.42), vigor (2.91 ± 0.90 vs. 1.88 ± 0.67), curvilinear velocity - VCL (78.12 µm/s ± 12.41 vs. 59.28 µm/s ± 15.57), linear velocity - VSL (49.23 µm/s ± 9.87 vs. 29.9 µm/s ± 9.48), mean velocity of the trajectory - VAP (66.08 µm/s ± 12.77 vs. 45.70 µm/s ± 12.20), linearity - LIN (62.97% ± 6.96 vs. 49.54% ± 9.50), rectilinearity - STR (74.63% ± 6.44 vs. 65.77% ± 8.92), and oscillation -WOB (84.32% ± 5.94 vs. 74.42% ± 7.31) were higher for Canindé breed than for British Alpine ( p < 0.05). Therefore, fresh sperm from both breeds can be used in reproductive biotechniques. On the other hand, the post-thawed sperm of the Canindé breed showed better quality, probably because the animals were more adapted to the adverse conditions of the Northeast region and are recommended for artificial insemination programs.(AU)

Genetic diversity and relatedness between Canindé and British Alpine goat breeds in Northeastern Brazil accessed by microsatellite markers.

The aim of this study was to access the genetic diversity and relatedness between Canindé and British Alpine goat breeds in the States of Piauí and Ceará using microsatellite markers. Genomic DNA was isolated from hair samples of 99 goats belonging to six different flocks. A panel of polymorphic heterologous microsatellite loci was used to genotype individuals. The microsatellite markers resulted in a total number of 145 alleles, with an average of 8.5 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities were ≥0.687 and ≥0.627, respectively, for all loci. The polymorphic information content showed that all loci were highly informative with an overall mean of 0.757. Overall FST across all populations and loci was 18%, which was consistent with the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.104). AMOVA revealed that 12.8% of the variation was captured between breeds. The Bayesian STRUCTURE clustering detected the maximum likelihood for a model of two genetically distinct groups, in agreement with the number of predefined studied breeds and the two-dimensional plot from the PCoA analysis. The exotic British Alpine breed and the naturalized Brazilian Canindé breed were clearly differentiated by the microsatellite markers, indicating that these two breeds have distant genetic identities, despite the phenotypic similarity.

Avaliação in vitro do sêmen criopreservado de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania sp / In vitro evaluation of cryopreserved semen of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania sp

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade in vitro do sêmen criopreservado de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania sp. Foram coletadas amostras de sêmen de 12 cães, sendo seis positivos (GI) e seis negativos (GII) para leishmaniose visceral (LV), semanalmente, totalizando quatro coletas por animal. O sêmen criopreservado foi avaliado pelo teste de termorresistência rápida (TTR), nos tempos zero, 30 e 60 minutos, pela análise computadorizada (CASA) e por meio de sondas fluorescentes; esta última técnica com o intuito de avaliar a integridade das membranas espermáticas. Houve diferença estatística pela técnica de TTR no parâmetro motilidade progressiva, no tempo 0min (68,33% GI e 72,50% GII), e no vigor espermático (2,67 GI e 3,0 GII), no tempo 30min. Quanto ao CASA, houve diferença estatística apenas na motilidade total (27,50% GI e 57,08% GII), embora os demais parâmetros seminais tenham apresentado valores relativos diminuídos nos cães do GI. Nas análises com sondas fluorescentes, foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos quanto à integridade das membranas plasmática e acrossomal e ao potencial mitocondrial das células espermáticas. Concluiu-se que a LV pode comprometer a qualidade do sêmen criopreservado de cães parasitados.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro quality of cryopreserved semen of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania sp. 12 dog semen samples were collected, with 06 positive (GI) and 06 negative (GII) for Visceral Leishmaniasis (LV), weekly, totaling 04 collections per animal. The cryopreserved semen was evaluated by the Rapid Termorresistência Test (TTR), at 0, 30 and 60 minutes by computer analysis (CASA) and by means of fluorescent probes, the latter technique in order to assess the integrity of the sperm membrane. There was no statistical difference for the TTR technique in the progressive motility parameter, at time 0min (68.33% GI and GII 72.50%), and sperm vigor (2.67 GI and GII 3.0), time 30min. As for the CASA, there was statistical difference only in total motility (27.50% GI and GII 57.08%), although other semen parameters have submitted lower figures for GI dogs. In the analyzes with fluorescent probes statistical differences were noted between the groups in terms of plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal and mitochondrial potential of sperm cells. It was concluded that LV can compromise the quality of cryopreserved semen of infected dogs.(AU)