Well-Being, Occupational Fatigue, and Sleep Quality among Filipino Nurses working during COVID-19.

Fatigue is a common symptom experienced by nurses before the pandemic, but this experience is heightened by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The literature has ample evidence of nurses experiencing occupational or work-related fatigue. In addition, human error is a significant consequence of fatigue that can significantly impact patient outcomes and be devastating for a nurse. Guided by Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping, we conducted a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study aimed to 1) explore the level of occupational fatigue and sleep quality among Filipino nurses working during the COVID-19; 2) determine the relationships between occupational fatigue, sleep quality, and subjective wellbeing among Filipino nurses working during COVID-19 pandemic. One hundred twenty-six Filipino nurses across the United States working during the pandemic were surveyed using RedCap. The study showed that Filipino nurses had moderate to high acute and chronic fatigue levels, lower intershift recovery, and good sleep quality. Evidence and opportunities for health care administrations to create strategies to enhance the wellbeing of their largest and most valuable workforce.

A Concept Analysis of Family Presence During COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic required health care organizations throughout the United States to implement strict visitor restriction policies to mitigate the spread of the virus. These policy changes had a direct impact on family presence (FP) in hospital settings. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to conduct a concept analysis of FP during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Walker and Avant's 8-step method was used. RESULTS: Four defining attributes of FP during COVID-19 were derived based on a review of the literature: being there or with, seeing is believing, during challenging times, and subjective advocates. The COVID-19 pandemic was the main antecedent of the concept. The consequences and empirical referents were discussed. Model, borderline, and contrary cases were developed. CONCLUSION: This concept analysis provided an understanding of the concept of FP during COVID-19, which is imperative to optimizing patient care outcomes, as literature identified a support person or system as an extension of the care team that facilitates successful care management. Whether by advocating for their patients to have a support person present during team rounds, or by stepping in as the patient's main support system in the absence of family, nurses must find a way to do what is best for their patients even during the unprecedented times of a global pandemic.

Challenges and Successes in Health Communication Messaging With Asian Americans.

Asians are the fastest growing racial and ethnic group in the United States, and in Michigan, Asians represent 3.4% of the state's population. Asians have long been aggregated as a homogeneous group and stereotyped as a "model minority." Asians, however, are very diverse, and each subgroup has different values, histories, beliefs, and dialects. The diversity among populations and variations in chronic disease risks demonstrate the importance of disaggregating Asian American ethnicities with respect to health promotion, which must be culturally and linguistically tailored to make the biggest impact. This article describes our challenges and successes in health communication messaging with Asian Americans during the 4 years of our Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Cooperative Agreement.

Food Insecurity and Diabetes: An Investigation of Underserved Asian Americans in Michigan.

Asian Americans are at increased risk for nutrition-related chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes among Asian Americans in the United States is 16.7% compared to 11.3% among the general U.S. population. Genetic factors such as higher body fat and lower muscle mass result in a predisposition for the development of diabetes at a lower body mass index (BMI). Social determinants including food insecurity and physical environment may also impact risk and need further examination. This study investigated type 2 diabetes-related indicators and food insecurity and satisfaction with types and quality of foods provided through food box distributions with a focus on Asian American populations in Michigan. Data were collected via a survey implemented in partnership with community organizations that administer food box distributions. Nearly half of respondents were not aware that Asian Americans are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The mean BMI for overall study participants was 25.6, and 61.8% of participants had a BMI of ≥23. Food insecurity was also negatively associated with BMI with study participants who were overweight reporting less food insecurity. Overall, participants reported being satisfied with both the types and quality of foods provided in the food boxes. Findings support the need for increased diabetes education and testing among Asian Americans and assessment of the types of culturally relevant foods offered by food distribution organizations.

Corrigendum to "Satisfaction with use of telehealth during COVID-19: An integrative review" [International Journal of Nursing Studies Advanced 2 (2020). Article number 100008].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2020.100008.].

"Sense of Presence" in Immersive Virtual Reality Environment: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis.

There is no concept analysis in the literature about "sense of presence" in immersive virtual reality environment in the context of nursing clinical education. The purpose of this article is to explore the meaning and derive an operational definition of the concept of sense of presence within the context of immersive virtual reality environment in nursing clinical education. Using Rodgers' approach, this evolutionary concept analysis will clarify the concept's surrogate and related terms, attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A clearer conceptualization is paramount to help provide knowledge for nurses and other health care professionals, thus guiding their practice, theory, and research.

Acceptability of Socially Assistive Robots Among Cognitively Intact Older Adults: An Integrative Review.

An aging population and technology are two rapidly evolving phenomena occurring simultaneously worldwide. To examine the literature on the acceptability of socially assistive robots (SAR) among cognitively intact older adults, an integrative review of the literature was performed using Whittemore and Knafl's approach. Electronic databases searched included CINAHL, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Review was limited to peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2019, in or translated into English language, and included evaluation of the robot within a social context in older adults aged ≥60 years with intact cognition. A total of five articles were included in the review. There were 125 male and female participants in all studies, and the mean age of participants ranged from 66.3 to 77.1 years. The robots studied varied in design and functionality. Findings showed older adults who are cognitively intact find SAR easy to use and useful, suggesting acceptability of SAR. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47(9), 49-54.].

A concept analysis of intercultural communication.

AIM: To explore the concept of intercultural communication. BACKGROUND: As global migration increases, countries around the world are starting to see diversity among their population. With this increasing multicultural society, effective communication is crucial, particularly in the area of healthcare. Intercultural nursing requires nurses to care for patients of various cultural backgrounds by considering their cultural needs. It is critical for nurses to be able to communicate effectively with patients of various cultures to provide care that is holistic and culturally appropriate to the diverse population. METHODS: Walker and Avant's eight-step approach to concept analysis. RESULTS: Intercultural communication in nursing is face-to-face, verbal or nonverbal communication that occurs between people of different cultures. Its defining attributes are (1) meeting between language and culture for a specific purpose and (2) face-to-face (in-person or virtual) human interaction between individuals from different cultures. Antecedents of intercultural communication in nursing are globalization, technology, and social environment. Consequences include reduced ethnocentrism and negative stereotyping. Empirical referents depict the existence of the concept, which includes several tools developed as a means to measure or evaluate intercultural communication. CONCLUSION: This study presented the defining attributes, antecedents and consequences, model case, and empirical referents of intercultural communication.

Workplace cyberbullying exposed: A concept analysis.

PURPOSES: (1) To understand the concept of workplace cyberbullying, (2) to develop a conceptual definition of workplace cyberbullying, and (3) to examine evidence on workplace cyberbullying in nursing. METHOD: Walker and Avant's eight-step approach to concept analysis was used. DATA SOURCE: Fifteen articles were derived from search of five databases using key terms and factored as cyber, bullying, work, place, and combined terms with nursing or harassment. FINDINGS: Four defining attributes of workplace cyberbullying identified are persistent unwanted act stemming from the work environment, delivered through digital technology, faceless perpetrator, and boundaryless. A new conceptual definition of workplace cyberbullying is developed. CONCLUSION: Developing a new conceptual definition of workplace cyberbullying is critical, which may be the starting point to theory and new instrument development to test the operational concepts. More research such as using a hybrid approach to develop the concept of workplace cyberbullying.

Satisfaction with the use of telehealth during COVID-19: An integrative review.

BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has defined 2020 thus far. Businesses, social and religious gatherings, travel, and almost all forms of transportation shut down to halt the spread of COVID-19. People were ordered to quarantine in place, and the world appears to go into a standstill. In the midst of being quarantined people with acute and chronic conditions still require medical care and treatment. An alternative way for people to receive needed health care was necessary. Hence, we saw an unprecedented surge in telehealth. With this unprecedented surge in use of telehealth, there is matter of delivering quality care. OBJECTIVE: Guided by the Donabedian Model, the purpose of this integrative review was to examine current evidence on patient and healthcare provider's satisfaction with the use of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: An integrative review of the literature. DATA SOURCES: The literature review was conducted utilizing PubMED, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases. Inclusion criteria were studies published from January 2020 to July 11, 2020, published and translated in English language, and studies that evaluated patients and providers satisfaction with the use of telehealth or telemedicine during COVID-19. Eighteen articles were included in this review. REVIEW METHODS: An evaluation matrix was developed to collect data from the included articles. The articles were appraised using Fineout-Overholt & Gallagher-Ford Rapid Critical Appraisal Checklist for Descriptive Studies and Rapid Critical Appraisal of Evidence-Based Practice Implementation or Quality Improvement Projects (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2015). Authors independently appraised each article using the appropriate appraisal tools. RESULTS: Ten of the articles (53%) included were studies conducted in the United States. Sixteen out of 18 studies evaluated patient satisfaction and five studies examined healthcare providers' satisfaction with the use of telehealth. The majority of telehealth services offered were by subspecialists. Overall, patients and healthcare providers have high level of satisfaction with the use of telehealth during COVID-19 pandemic. Many patients and healthcare providers reported willingness to continue using telehealth after the pandemic. CONCLUSION: This integrative review provided additional evidence on patient and healthcare provider's satisfaction with the use of telehealth. Findings in this review may not be surprising as individuals, healthcare providers, and health systems needed to adopt the use telehealth due to necessity. However, the results for telehealth are promising.

Effects of peer-mentoring on stress and anxiety levels of undergraduate nursing students: An integrative review.

BACKGROUND: Nursing students, whether undergraduate or graduate, are at a higher risk for stress and anxiety due to competitiveness and complexities of nursing school. There is evidence in the literature on the effects of peer mentoring among nursing students. Peer mentoring has been associated with increased retention, student engagement, and skills competence among nursing students. There is, however, paucity in the literature about peer mentoring's effect on stress and anxiety levels of undergraduate nursing students. PURPOSE: To examine the literature on the effect of peer mentoring on stress and anxiety levels among undergraduate nursing students. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: Bandura's Self-Efficacy Theory was used to guide this review. METHOD: An integrative review of the literature was conducted. Electronic databases searched included PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and ERIC using keywords: nurse*, student*, undergrad*, stress and nursing students, anxiety and nursing students, and mentor*. Review was limited to peer reviewed articles published in the English language from January 2000 to August 2018. Articles were independently reviewed by three authors, and the quality of data was evaluated using established criteria. RESULTS: Eight articles were included in the review. Review suggested that peer mentoring decreases stress, and situation or short-term anxiety levels of undergraduate nursing students. However, results should be interpreted with caution based on limited studies identified.

Undergraduate nursing students' pharmacology knowledge and risk of error estimate.

BACKGROUND: In the United States alone, medication error causes injury to approximately 1.3 million people every year. Frequently, nurses have been blamed for the high rates of medication administration errors. Factors associated with medication error by nurses are categorized as personal, contextual and knowledge-based. There is evidence in the literature that showed nurses have insufficient knowledge in pharmacology. PURPOSE: The overall purpose of this study was to estimate the risk of error based on the combined scores on pharmacology knowledge and self-rated certainty scores of undergraduate nursing students. METHOD: A cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted. Students enrolled in an undergraduate nursing program who completed or were currently taking the pharmacology course were eligible for the study. Based on power analysis, a sample of 156 students was needed to reach 80% power with a level of significance of 0.05. A 42-item Pharmacology Knowledge Questionnaire (PKQ) test was administered, and students were asked to provide their level of certainty for each of their answers. Risk of error was calculated based on the combined scores in PKQ and self-rated certainty scores. RESULTS: 147 nursing students, 83% females with a mean age of 24 (SD = 5) years, participated in the study. Mean score in the PKQ was 25 (SD = 3.51) out of 42 items, which is equivalent to a grade of 60% (with a calculated weighted mean grade of 56%). Drug calculation was the subject area where students had the lowest mean score. Mean overall risk of error for all 42 items in the PKQ was 1.7 (SD = 0.14), on a scale of 0-3. This means that, on average, high risk of error was noted in 14% of the students who rated incorrect answers with high certainty. Positive correlations were noted between age and pharmacology score, and between when pharmacology course was last taken and risk of error. A negative correlation was noted between when pharmacology course was last taken and pharmacology score.

The 21st Century Opioid Addiction: A Concept Analysis and Implications for Nursing.

INTRODUCTION: Opioid addiction is a mounting problem and concern in all parts of the world. Drug overdose related to opioid addiction was the leading cause of accidental death in the United States in 2015; this extends to people across all ages, races, genders, and socioeconomic statuses. It is estimated that 21 million Americans aged 12 years or older has one form of substance use disorder, of which 2 million involves the use of prescription pain relievers. The cost of opioid misuse is estimated to be $78.5B based on 2013 data. This amount has exponentially increased more than $20 billion per year compared with 6 years ago. PURPOSE: We conducted a concept analysis of opioid addiction in the 21st century and present its implications for nursing. METHODS: Walker and Avant's eight steps for analyzing a concept were utilized. RESULTS: Uses of opioid addiction from the perspectives of healthcare, sociology, law, and economics are presented. Defining attributes of opioid addiction based on review of the literature include physical dependence to opioids, psychological craving for opioids, habitual use, and lack of self-control. Antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents are also identified. Model, related, and contrary cases are developed. CONCLUSION: This concept analysis article enhances understanding of the current opioid addiction crisis that is affecting the country. IMPLICATIONS TO NURSING: Nurses are in a position to play critical roles in the fight against opioid addiction. Nursing opportunities exist starting from the bedside and can reach up to the White House.

A concept analysis: Emotional regulation of nurses.

AIM: To explore the concept of emotional regulation in nursing. BACKGROUND: People are exposed to a variety of potentially emotion-provoking stimuli almost on a daily basis. The fact that these types of stimuli do not trigger full-blown emotions every time suggests that people are able to manage their own emotions through an internal process. The process is referred to as emotional regulation (ER). Nursing is a stressful and emotionally charged profession, yet the concept of ER is not well explored in the nursing literature. DESIGN: Concept analysis. DATA SOURCE: Electronic databases searched were CINAHL, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar. Forty-one articles were used in the review of this concept, of which six articles were used to review ER in nursing. Most of the articles on ER were from the field of psychology. REVIEW METHODS: Walker and Avant's eight-step to concept analysis. Data extracted from the articles were used in identifying the definitions, related concepts, uses of the concept of ER, and antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents. RESULTS: Four defining attributes of ER were identified as self-awareness, control, emotional expression, and active thinking. Definitions, the uses of the concept of ER, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents are discussed. Model, related and contrary cases were developed. CONCLUSION: The concept of ER has implications and significance to nursing as nurses are exposed to a variety of emotion-provoking situations when performing nursing tasks.

Towards a Definition of Caregiver Fatigue: A Concept Analysis.

Using Walker and Avant's approach, a concept analysis was performed to develop a working definition of caregiver fatigue. Defining attributes of caregiver fatigue identified were "fell into role" by default, outside the norm of role expectations, excess caregiving demand, and exposure to prolonged period of caregiving. Model, related, and contrary cases were developed. Antecedent, consequences, and empirical referent of caregiver fatigue were also identified. Lastly, a working definition of caregiver fatigue was developed.

U.S.A.B.I.L.I.T.Y. Framework for Older Adults.

The purpose of the current study was to present a framework to determine potential usability of health websites by older adults. Review of the literature showed paucity of nursing theory related to the use of technology and usability, particularly in older adults. The Roy Adaptation Model, a widely used nursing theory, was chosen to provide framework for the new model. Technology constructs from the Technology Acceptance Model and United Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and behavioral control construct from the Theory of Planned Behavior were integrated into the construction of the derived model. The Use of Technology for Adaptation by Older Adults and/or Those With Limited Literacy (U.S.A.B.I.L.I.T.Y.) Model was constructed from the integration of diverse theoretical/conceptual perspectives. The four determinants of usability in the conceptual model include (a) efficiency, (b) learnability, (c) perceived user experience, and (d) perceived control. Because of the lack of well-validated survey questionnaires to measure these determinants, a U.S.A.B.I.L.I.T.Y. Survey was developed. A panel of experts evaluated face and content validity of the new instrument. Internal consistency of the new instrument was 0.96. Usability is key to accepting technology. The derived U.S.A.B.I.L.I.T.Y. framework could serve as a guide for nurses in formative evaluation of technology.

A snapshot of the latest heart failure guidelines.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex chronic condition with high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this article is to present a snapshot of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guidelines focusing on management and treatment of HF in primary care.

Una revisión sobre la profilaxis pre-exposición (PrEP) para la prevención del VIH / The review of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PreP) for HIV prevention

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic continues to represent a major global health issue. Today, there are several tools available to prevent the spread of HIV infection. However, there are several constraints to the current prevention strategies including low condom use, low acceptance of testing, low awareness of vulnerability and more emphasis on treatment. Prevention strategy is redirected towards reducing acquisition of HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis or “PrEP” is the latest groundbreaking innovation in biomedical research in the prevention of HIV transmission. The purpose of this paper is to review preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention including the current guidelines in the use of PreP.

El virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) continúa representando un importante problema de salud mundial. Hoy en día, existen varias herramientas disponibles para evitar la propagación de la infección por el VIH. Sin embargo, existen varias restricciones a las estrategias de prevención actuales, incluyendo el bajo uso del condón, baja aceptación de la prueba, la escasa conciencia de la vulnerabilidad y un mayor énfasis en el tratamiento. La estrategia de prevención se redirige hacia la reducción de la transmisión del VIH. La profilaxis pre-exposición o "PrEP" es la última innovación pionera en la investigación biomédica en la prevención de la transmisión del VIH. El propósito de este trabajo fue revisar la profilaxis de pre-exposición para la prevención del VIH, incluyendo las directrices actuales en el uso de PrEP.

The construct of financial capacity in older adults.

In the United States, older adults hold approximately 34% of the nation's wealth. The combination of wealth, cognitive decline, and impaired financial capacity is a growing challenge to our society. As America ages, one of the most pressing challenges facing older adults is living an independent and autonomous life. Financial capacity (FC) is one of the instrumental activities of daily living considered the single best predictor of capacity for independent living in older adults. FC issues arise when an older adult experiences cognitive loss or dementia. Therefore, the purposes of this article are to: (a) review the construct of FC focusing on older adults, (b) discuss the different models of FC, (c) describe ways to assess FC in older adults, (d) identify indicators of FC impairment in older adults, and (e) discuss implications for practice.