RESUMEN
La silicosis es una enfermedad pulmonar ocupacional, causada por la inhalación de sílice, que afecta a un amplio abanico de profesiones. Existen varias formas clínicas. La silicosis aguda, que resulta de la exposición a cantidades muy grandes de sílice en un período inferior a 2 años. La silicosis crónica simple, el tipo más frecuente que podemos ver en la actualidad, resulta de la exposición a bajas cantidades de sílice durante un período de entre 2 y 10 años. La silicosis crónica complicada, con conglomerados silicóticos. En muchos casos el diagnóstico se realiza por los datos epidemiológicos y radiológicos, sin confirmación histológica. Es importante conocer las distintas manifestaciones radiológicas de la silicosis para diferenciarla de otras enfermedades pulmonares y reconocer sus posibles complicaciones concomitantes. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir los hallazgos radiológicos, típicos y atípicos, de la silicosis y sus complicaciones en la TC de tórax helicoidal y de alta resolución (TCAR) (AU)
Silicosis is an occupational lung disease, which is caused by the inhalation of silica and affects a wide range of jobs. There are many clinical forms of silicosis: acute silicosis, results from exposure to very large amounts of silica dust over a period of less than 2 years. Simple chronic silicosis, the most common type that we see today, results from exposure to low amounts of silica between 2 and 10 years. Chronic silicosis complicated, with silicotic conglomerates. In many cases the diagnosis of silicosis is made according to epidemiological and radiological data, without a histological confirmation. It is important to know the various radiological manifestations of silicosis to differentiate it from other lung diseases and to recognize their complications. The objective of this work is to describe typical and atypical radiological findings of silicosis and their complications in helical and high resolution (HRCT) thorax CT (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Silicosis , Silicotuberculosis , Neumoconiosis/complicaciones , Neumoconiosis , Síndrome de Caplan/complicaciones , Síndrome de Caplan , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión/instrumentación , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada Espiral/instrumentación , Tomografía Computarizada Espiral/métodos , Sílice Libre/efectos adversos , Dióxido de Silicio/efectos adversos , Tuberculosis , Carcinoma/complicaciones , Carcinoma , Asbestosis , Espacio ExtracelularRESUMEN
Silicosis is an occupational lung disease, which is caused by the inhalation of silica and affects a wide range of jobs. There are many clinical forms of silicosis: acute silicosis, results from exposure to very large amounts of silica dust over a period of less than 2 years. Simple chronic silicosis, the most common type that we see today, results from exposure to low amounts of silica between 2 and 10 years. Chronic silicosis complicated, with silicotic conglomerates. In many cases the diagnosis of silicosis is made according to epidemiological and radiological data, without a histological confirmation. It is important to know the various radiological manifestations of silicosis to differentiate it from other lung diseases and to recognize their complications. The objective of this work is to describe typical and atypical radiological findings of silicosis and their complications in helical and high resolution (HRCT) thorax CT.
