Calidad de vida y estados crónicos de salud en supervivientes de leucemia aguda infantil / Quality of life and chronic health conditions in childhood acute leukaemia survivors

Introducción: El aumento en la supervivencia de la leucemia aguda (LA) infantil conlleva un incremento de morbilidades a largo plazo que acompañado del impacto ocasionado por el tratamiento puede alterar la calidad de vida (CV). Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de comorbilidades crónicas, CV y predictores de su desarrollo en supervivientes de LA. Métodos: Estudio transversal de una cohorte de 54 individuos con más de 10 años de supervivencia tras diagnóstico de LA. Se evaluaron la presencia de comorbilidades y la CV global, física y mental mediante cuestionario SF-36. Resultados: El 53,7% presentó ≥ 1 comorbilidad crónica (24,7% hipotiroidismo; 20,3% obesidad; 14,8% síndrome metabólico; 18,5% disfunción cardiaca subclínica). El 20,3% de ellas fueron comorbilidades graves. El 73,3% de LA alto riesgo y el 66,6% de los tratados con radioterapia o trasplante presentaron comorbilidad tardía, p<0,05. La puntuación media de CV global fue 86,3 (14) (muy buena). Reportaron peor CV global los pacientes con LA de alto riesgo (83,2 vs. 89,5), comorbilidades graves (80,4 vs. 88,7) y del sexo femenino (81,8 vs. 89,9), p <0,05. Los pacientes obesos (80 vs. 92), hipotiroideos (84,9 vs. 92,4) y tratados con RT (82,3 vs. 87,5) tuvieron peor CV física (p <0,05) y aquellos con hipogonadismo (68,2 vs. 83,6) y tratados con TPH (77,2 vs. 83,1) menos puntuación en CV mental, p <0,05. Conclusiones: Los supervivientes de LA presentan una alta prevalencia de comorbilidades crónicas, asociadas al tratamiento recibido. A pesar de que estas influyen en alguna de las subescalas de su CV, la percepción global fue muy buena, incluso superior a la media de la población general

Background: Survival of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia involves an increasing risk of long-term morbidities. Due to the impact of cancer treatment and comorbidities, AL survivors may experience a decrease in their health-related quality of life. Objective: We aimed to describe the long-term comorbidities, related quality of life and their development predictors in these survivors. Methods: cross-sectional study of 54 survivors aged ≥18 and who have a survival rate of more than 10 years. Quality of life was assessed by personal interview using SF-36 questionnaire. Results: 53.7% of AL survivors developed more than one comorbidity (24.7% hypothyroidism; 20.3% obesity; 14.8% metabolic syndrome; 18.5% subclinical cardiac dysfunction); 20.3% of them were severe. 73.3% of high-risk leukaemias and 66.6% of patients treated with radiotherapy or stem cells transplantation reported long-term comorbidity, P<.05. Global quality of live score was: 86.3 (14) (classified as very good). Patients with high-risk acute leukaemia (83.2 vs. 89.5), severe long-term comorbidities (80.4 vs. 89.7) and females (81.8 vs. 89.9), reported worse quality of life, P<.05. Physical summary score was worse in: obese (80 vs. 92) and hypothyroid (84.9 vs. 92.4) and radiotherapy-treated survivors (82.3 vs. 87.5); mental summary was worse in survivors with hypogonadism (68.2 vs. 86.3) and trasplanted patients (77.2 vs. 83.1), P<.05. Conclusions: Acute leukaemia survivors reported an increase prevalence of chronic comorbidities, related to cancer-treatment. Despite a decrease in scores for certain physical or mental items, global quality of life was very good in all acute leukaemia survivors, even better than compared with the general population

Quality of life and chronic health conditions in childhood acute leukaemia survivors. / Calidad de vida y estados crónicos de salud en supervivientes de leucemia aguda infantil.

BACKGROUND: Survival of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia involves an increasing risk of long-term morbidities. Due to the impact of cancer treatment and comorbidities, AL survivors may experience a decrease in their health-related quality of life. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the long-term comorbidities, related quality of life and their development predictors in these survivors. METHODS: cross-sectional study of 54 survivors aged ≥18 and who have a survival rate of more than 10 years. Quality of life was assessed by personal interview using SF-36 questionnaire. RESULTS: 53.7% of AL survivors developed more than one comorbidity (24.7% hypothyroidism; 20.3% obesity; 14.8% metabolic syndrome; 18.5% subclinical cardiac dysfunction); 20.3% of them were severe. 73.3% of high-risk leukaemias and 66.6% of patients treated with radiotherapy or stem cells transplantation reported long-term comorbidity, P<.05. Global quality of live score was: 86.3 (14) (classified as very good). Patients with high-risk acute leukaemia (83.2 vs. 89.5), severe long-term comorbidities (80.4 vs. 89.7) and females (81.8 vs. 89.9), reported worse quality of life, P<.05. Physical summary score was worse in: obese (80 vs. 92) and hypothyroid (84.9 vs. 92.4) and radiotherapy-treated survivors (82.3 vs. 87.5); mental summary was worse in survivors with hypogonadism (68.2 vs. 86.3) and trasplanted patients (77.2 vs. 83.1), P<.05. CONCLUSIONS: Acute leukaemia survivors reported an increase prevalence of chronic comorbidities, related to cancer-treatment. Despite a decrease in scores for certain physical or mental items, global quality of life was very good in all acute leukaemia survivors, even better than compared with the general population.

Use of speckle tracking in the evaluation of late subclinical myocardial damage in survivors of childhood acute leukaemia.

Heart disease is the leading cause of non-cancer death in childhood cancer survivors. to determine the prevalence of subclinical cardiac dysfunction using speckle tracking and compare its results with those obtained by classical methods of assessing left ventricular function and its relationship with different factors to identify the population at higher risk. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function included ejection fraction, tissue Doppler, longitudinal/circumferential strains and biochemical parameters (troponin-T and Pro-BNP) in a cohort of 57 survivors of childhood acute leukaemia with at least 10 years since diagnosis. Ventricular dysfunction was found in 5.2% of patients in M-mode (ejection fraction-EF < 53% with a reduction in the EF ≥ 10%) and in 7% of patients with Simpson's method, compared with 21.05 and 8.8% with suboptimal global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain, respectively. The GLS alteration was significantly correlated with lower values of left ventricular systolic function and was associated with high tumour risk (odds ratio [OR] 13.8), cumulative doses of anthracyclines ≥ 250 mg/m2 (OR 7.6) and radiotherapy (OR 7.19). Biomarkers were not useful for the diagnosis of subclinical cardiomyopathy. Good reproducibility was obtained, with an intraobserver correlation of 93.6% and an interobserver correlation of 89.2% in the GLS. The alteration of the GLS was more prevalent than the alteration in the EF and was associated with the treatment received and high tumour risk. strain imaging seems to be a powerful tool to identify an increased number of survivor with an early myocardial injury.