African coastal camera network efforts at monitoring ocean, climate, and human impacts.

Regular and long-term monitoring of coastal areas is a prerequisite to avoiding or mitigating the impacts of climate and human-driven hazards. In Africa, where populations and infrastructures are particularly exposed to risk, there is an urgent need to establish coastal monitoring, as observations are generally scarce. Measurement campaigns and very high-resolution satellite imagery are costly, while freely available satellite observations have temporal and spatial resolutions that are not suited to capture the event scale. To address the gap, a network of low-cost, multi-variable, shore-based video camera systems has been installed along the African coasts. Here, we present this network and its principle of sharing data, methods, and results obtained, building toward the implementation of a common integrated coastal management policy between countries. Further, we list new contributions to the understanding of still poorly documented African beaches' evolution, waves, and sea level impacts. This network is a solid platform for the development of inter-disciplinary observations for resources and ecology (such as fisheries, and sargassum landing), erosion and flooding, early warning systems during extreme events, and science-based coastal infrastructure management for sustainable future coasts.

Anxiety and depression among HIV patients of the infectious disease department of Conakry University Hospital in 2018.

Anxiety and depression continue to be significant comorbidities for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorder among HIV patients at Conakry, Guinea. In this cross-sectional study, we described socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial data related to anxiety and depression in 160 HIV patients of the University Teaching Hospital, Conakry, Guinea. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used for measuring depression and anxiety in the prior month. The HADS score of ⩾8 was used to identify possible cases of depression and anxiety. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. The prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety among HIV patients was 8.1% and the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among HIV-infected patients was 13.8% and 16.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that individuals having BMI ⩽ 18 (AOR = 3.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37-9.57) and who did not receive antiretroviral treatment (AOR = 18.93, 95% CI 1.88-188.81) were significantly more likely to have depressive symptoms. Similarly, having age <40 years (AOR = 2.81, 95% CI 1.04-7.58) was also significantly associated with anxiety. Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression was high in these HIV patients. This suggests a need for training on the screening and management of anxiety and depression among HIV patients.

[Cardio-Renal Syndrome In Patients Hospitalized In The Cardiology Department Of The University Hospital Center Yalgado OUEDRAOGO (CHUYO): Epidemiology, Clinic, Paraclinic And Course's Aspects]. / Le Syndrome Cardio-Renal Dans Le Service De Cardiologie Du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado OUEDRAOGO (CHU-YO) : Aspects Epidemiologiques, Cliniques, Para-Cliniques Et Evolutifs.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to study cardio-renal syndrome in patients hospitalized in the cardiology department of the University Hospital Center Yalgado OUEDRAOGO (CHUYO). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective, descriptive study for a period of three years, from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2012. The study incorporated patients with associated signs of Heart Failure (HF) and Renal Insufficiency (RI). Sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical parameters were considered in the study. We evaluated the value of creatinine clearance at admission and its progress during the hospitalization until patients were discharged. RESULTS: Sample group of 119 patients over the period; the prevalence of the syndrome cardio-renal (CRF) was 10.93%. The mean age of our patients was 52.6 ± 16.6 years. (extremes: 15-85 years). The sex ratio was 1.33. Our patients' medical histories were dominated by high blood pressure (58.8%) and hypertensive heart disease (33.6%). Dyspnea was the major functional sign in our study (84.9%). Left heart failure syndrome (LHFS) was the most frequently encountered clinical picture (91.3%). The mean value of the creatinine clearance at baseline was 41.5 ± 24.3 mL/min/1.73m2. The signs ECGs and Doppler echocardiograms were those of underlying heart disease: the hypertensive heart disease. An abdominal-pelvic ultrasound found a bilateral kidney failure in 65.7% cases. The average length of hospitalization was 17.7 ± 17.5 days. Death occurred in 19.5% cases. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of CRS was high in the CHU-YO. The prognosis was largely influenced by whether it was an acute or chronic kidney failure. Emphasis should be placed on primary prevention of CRS, early diagnosis and etiology of renal failure.

OBJECTIF: L'objectif de ce travail était d'étudier du syndrome cardio-rénal chez des malades hospitalisés dans le service de cardiologie du CHUYO. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'est agi d'une étude rétrospective à visée descriptive sur une période de trois ans allant du 1er janvier 2010 au 31 décembre 2012. Ont été inclus les dossiers de malades ayant des signes d'Insuffisance Cardiaque (IC) associés une Insuffisance Rénale (IR). Les paramètres sociodémographiques, cliniques et para-cliniques ont été étudiés. Nous avons évalué la valeur de la clairance de la créatinine à l'entrée et son évolution au cours de l'hospitalisation jusqu'à la sortie des patients. RÉSULTATS: Ainsi, nous avons retenu 119 sur la période; la prévalence du syndrome cardio-rénal (SCR) était de 10,93%. L'âge moyen de nos patients était de 52,6 ± 16,6 ans (extrêmes : 15-85 ans). Le sex-ratio était de 1,33. Les antécédents de nos patients étaient dominés par l'hypertension artérielle (58,8%) et les cardiopathies hypertensives (33,6%). La dyspnée constituait le signe fonctionnel majeur dans notre étude (84,9%). Le syndrome d'insuffisance cardiaque gauche (ICG) constituait le tableau clinique le plus fréquemment rencontré (91,3%). La valeur moyenne de la clairance de la créatininémie à l'entrée était de 41,5 ± 24,3 ml/min/1,73m2. Les signes ECG et échocardiographies Doppler étaient ceux de la cardiopathie sous jacente : la cardiopathie hypertensive. Une échographie abdomino-pelvienne retrouvait une souffrance rénale bilatérale dans 65,7% des cas. La durée d'hospitalisation moyenne était de 17,7 ± 17,5 jours. Le décès est survenu dans 19,5% des cas. CONCLUSION: La prévalence du SCR était élevée dans le service de cardiologie du CHU-YO. Son pronostic était largement influencé par le caractère aigu ou chronique de l'insuffisance rénale. L'accent doit être mis sur la prévention primaire du SCR, le diagnostic précoce et étiologique de l'insuffisance rénale.

[Clinical and prognostic epidemiological study of extra-dural hematomas performed in the neurosurgery department of the CHU Gabriel Touré about 112 cases]. / Etude epidemiologique clinique et pronostique des hematomes extra duraux operes dans le service de neurochirurgie du CHU-Gabriel Toure a propos de 112 cas.

Extra Dural hematoma is a fairly common complication in traumatic cranial patients whose prognosis depends on early and appropriate management. PURPOSE: To carry out an epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic study of extradural haematomas operated in department. METHOD: A retrospective and descriptive study carried out in the neurosurgery department of the Gabriel Toure hospital spread over a period of 5 years. All records of the patients who underwent extra-dural hematoma surgery were stripped, for a total of 112. Data related to socio-professional, clinical and therapeutic characteristics were studied. RESULTS: The mean age was 24.47 years with extremes ranging from 3 to 53 years old. The ratio was 9.2 in favor of the man. Road accidents are more frequent with 66.1%. The free interval was founding 68.2%. At admission, 5.4% of patients shad a glascow scale of less than 8, anisocoriain 33.1% and contralateral motor deficit 43%. CT allowed the early diagnosis of 100% extra dural hematoma. 42.9% of patients were operated on before the first 8 hours. Mortality was 4.4%. CONCLUSION: Extra duralhematomais a neurosurgical emergency with good prognosis if management isearly and appropriate.

L'hématome extra dural est une complication assez fréquente chez un traumatisé crânien dont le pronostic dépend d'une prise en charge précoce et appropriée. BUT: Réaliser une étude épidémiologique, clinique et thérapeutique des hématomes extraduraux opérés dans notre service. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive menée dans le service de neurochirurgie de l'hôpital Gabriel Touré, étalée sur une durée de 5ans. L'ensemble des dossiers des patients opérés d'hématomes extra duraux ont été dépouillés, soit au total 112. Les données en rapport avec les caractéristiques socio-professionnel ; cliniques et thérapeutiques ont été étudiées. RÉSULTATS: L'âge moyen a été de 24,47 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 3 à 53 ans. Lesex-ratio a été de 9,2. Les accidents de la voie publique sont plus fréquents avec 66,1%. L'intervalle libre a été retrouvé chez 68,2%. A l'admission 5,4% des patients avaient une échelle de Glasgow inférieure à 8, l'anisocorie chez 33,1% et le déficit moteur controlatéral 43%. La TDM a permis le diagnostic précoce de 100% des hématomes extra duraux. 42,9% des patients ont été opérés avant les 8 premières heures. La mortalité a été de 4,4%. CONCLUSION: L'hématome extra dural est une urgence neurochirurgicale de bon pronostic si la prise en charge est précoce et appropriée.

Errance diagnostique des épilepsies symptomatiques en Afrique : Cas de la sclérose mésio-temporale chez une fille gabonaise

Nous rapportons le cas d'une fille gabonaise, âgé de 12 ans, sans antécédent particulier, ayant présenté une sclérose mésio-temporale droite dans les suites de crise épileptique plusieurs épisodes non contrôlées par les antiépileptiques. Cas clinique : Hospitalisée en neurologie au centre hospitalier universitaire(CHU) de Libreville, pour crise épileptique partielle à type de mouvements stéréotypés et répétitifs de mâchonnements et parfois de crise tonicoclonique généralisée, avec morsure latérale de la langue, perte d'urine et amnésie postcritique. L'imagerie par résonance magnétique(IRM) cérébrale en coupe coronale était constituée d'un hypersignal en T2 et T2 FLAIR de la région hippocampique droite témoignant une sclérose mésio-temporale droite. L'électro-encéphalogramme(EEG) était constitué de grapho éléments en fronto-pariétale bilatérale et en temporale droite. Le diagnostic d'épilepsie sur sclérose mésio-temporale était retenu en tenant compte d'un faisceau d'arguments cliniques et paracliniques. Mise sous Lamotrigine et phénobarbital après trois (3) semaines de traitement, l'évolution était stationnaire marquée par la persistance des crises épileptiques. Conclusion : La sclérose mésio-temporale est une cause sous-estimée d'épilepsie temporale chez l'enfant. Notre observation souligne le fait qu'elle est rare dans les hospitalisations de neurologie et qu'il s'agit d'une épilepsie pharmaco-résistante

Resonant magneto-acoustic switching: influence of Rayleigh wave frequency and wavevector.

We show on in-plane magnetized thin films that magnetization can be switched efficiently by 180 degrees using large amplitude Rayleigh waves travelling along the hard or easy magnetic axis. Large characteristic filament-like domains are formed in the latter case. Micromagnetic simulations clearly confirm that this multi-domain configuration is compatible with a resonant precessional mechanism. The reversed domains are in both geometries several hundreds of [Formula: see text], much larger than has been shown using spin transfer torque- or field-driven precessional switching. We show that surface acoustic waves can travel at least 1 mm before addressing a given area, and can interfere to create magnetic stripes that can be positioned with a sub-micronic precision.

Magnetization dynamics of weak stripe domains in Fe-N thin films: a multi-technique complementary approach.

The resonant eigenmodes of an α'-FeN thin film characterized by weak stripe domains are investigated by Brillouin light scattering and broadband ferromagnetic resonance experiments, assisted by micromagnetic simulations. The spectrum of the dynamic eigenmodes in the presence of the weak stripes is very rich and two different families of modes can be selectively detected using different techniques or different experimental configurations. Attention is paid to the evolution of the mode frequencies and spatial profiles under the application of an external magnetic field, of variable intensity, in the direction parallel or transverse to the stripes. The different evolution of the modes with the external magnetic field is accompanied by a distinctive spatial localization in specific regions, such as the closure domains at the surface of the stripes and the bulk domains localized in the inner part of the stripes. The complementarity of BLS and FMR techniques, based on different selection rules, is found to be a fruitful tool for the study of the wealth of localized magnetic excitations generally found in nanostructures.

[The register of activity at the Ebola treatment center in Forecariah (Guinea) from april 23 to june 5, 2015: analysis and thoughts]. / Bilan d'activité du centre de traitement Ebola de Forécariah (Guinée) du 23 avril au 5 juin 2015 : analyse et réflexions.

The register of activity at the Ebola Treatment Center (ETC) in Forecariah (Guinea), from April 23 to June 5, 2015 is presented for analysis. The viral load of each patient is evaluated by the cycle threshold (Ct). One hundred and thirty patients were seen in Triage at the ETC, of which 24 (18.5%) patients who failed to meet theWHO case criteria for viral hemorrhagic fever were excluded from admission to the ETC. Of the 106 patients admitted in the ETC, 72 (67.9%) were declared non-cases after the results of their two PCR (drawn 48 hours apart) tests were negative. Thirty-four patients were tested positive for Ebola virus disease (EVD): 19 women and 15 men (sex ratio: male/female = 0.78), mean age of 33.51 ± 20.1 years (extremes of 42 days to 70 years), of which six children were aged below 8 years. The median initial Ct value was 21.6 ± 6.3 cycles in this group. Enquiry into patient contacts was only able to identify actual contacts in 20 of these patients (58.8%). Thirteen patients were ultimately cured of EVD (six men and seven women) - with a median age of 31.8 years (extremes of 4 to 54 years). These patients presented on admission with a median Ct value of 21.88 ± 6.2 cycles (extremes of 17.6 to 31.7). Of the six children aged below 8 years, only one survived. Twenty-one patients (61.76%) with EVD died (9 men and 12 women) - median age, 34 ± 21 years (extremes of 42 days to 70 years). They presented on admission with a median Ct value of 18 ± 7 cycles (extremes of 12 to 24). The single most important factor associated with lethality was the Ct value at the time of admission to the ETC (P = 0.0004), i.e., the lower the Ct value, the higher the lethality rate or simply stated, the higher the viral load, the greater the lethality. Age, sex, identification of contact, and delay between the onset of symptoms and admission did not prove to be predictive of death outcome in our series.

[Input of a laboratory in the management of patients with Ebola virus disease and in the training of health personnel: experience of the Forecariah Ebola treatment centre (Guinea) in 2015]. / Apport d'un laboratoire dans la prise en charge des patients atteints de la maladie à virus Ebola et dans la formation des personnels soignants : expérience du Centre de traitement d'Ebola de Forécariah (Guinée) en 2015.

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is associated with a high lethality rate even when the afflicted are provided with good support in an Ebola treatment center (ETC). Basic laboratory tests can help to better understand the pathophysiology of the disease, to guide treatment and to establish simple protocols and procedures tailored to the practice of medicine in the context of such precarious environment for caregivers. Based on a few clinical cases of patients treated in the ETC of Forecariah, Guinea, run by the French Red Cross, this article describes the difficult conditions associated with the provision of medical practice in this challenging environment, aiming to minimize the casualties in the EVD patient and to train the health staff.

[Clinical appearance and scalable profile Thiamine deficiency in prison in Guinea: study of thirty-eight observations]. / Aspect clinique et profil évolutif de la carence en thiamine en milieu carcéral en Guinée : étude de trente-huit observations.

Cardiovascular and neurological manifestations associated with thiamine deficiency in Guinean prisons are common but not reported.We performed a prospective study of 38 cases related to vitamin B1 deficiency over a period of 4 years. In this population, the literature of traditional data gathered: frequency peak after thirty (92.6%) and clear representation male (sex ratio M/F: 18/1). The clinical symptomatology remains essentially dominated by sensorimotor polyneuropathy and pure sensory (52.2%), overall heart failure (31.5%) and to a lesser degree by Gayet Wernicke's encephalopathy (7.8%) and shoshin beriberi with severe evolution (5.2%). The study of nutritional status by body mass index (BMI) of the World Health Organization, by the criteria of Detsky and biological markers including albumin, shows that these patients are severely malnourished.

Reacao de tipo pseudo-exacerbacao e carcinoma bronquiolar dos pulmoes (conferencia clinica). / Pseudoexacerbation reaction and bronchiolar carcinoma (clinical conference)

Um paciente, portador de infecao hansenica ha 20 anos, e considerado como virchowiano inativado, apresentou nos ultimos 4 anos de vida, dois surtos de reacao de pseudoexacerbacao (reacao reversa), o ultimo deles coincidindo com internacao onde foi diagnosticado um carcinoma bronquiolar dos pulmoes, cujo agravamento ocasionou o obito. Discutem-se as dificuldades do diagnostico clinico diferencial deste tipo de carcinoma pulmonar com outras patologias com caracteristicas clinicas e evolutivas semelhantes, bem como a dificuldade de se chegar a este diagnostico apenas pela analise de uma biopsia pulmonar. Em relacao as reacoes de pseudo-exacerbacao, duas interpretacoes sao postas em confronto, e e salientada a hipotese destas reacoes se desenvolverem como resposta a surtos de proliferacao bacilar que podem ocorrer em pacientes dimorfos em qualquer fase da evolucao da infeccao, devido a tratamento inadequado ou resistencia medicamentosa.Tambem analisa-se a eventual relacao do ultimo surto reacional com alteracoes da imunidade celular secundarias ao desenvolvimento da neoplasia pulmonar