Lichen myxedematosus: a rare group of cutaneous mucinosis.

Cutaneous mucinoses are a heterogeneous group of dermatoses in which excess deposition of mucin in the dermis gives the skin a waxy appearance, with papules and plaques that can vary from self-healing mucinosis to even disrupting the normal shape of a patient's face, conferring a leonine facies, or be part of life threatening diseases like scleromyxedema. This review will describe the most recent classification on lichen myxedematosus in the generalized (scleromyxedema) and the localized forms, as well as the different organ systems involved in scleromyxedema, diagnostic workup, current management, and prognosis.

Lichen myxedematosus: a rare group of cutaneous mucinosis

Abstract: Cutaneous mucinoses are a heterogeneous group of dermatoses in which excess deposition of mucin in the dermis gives the skin a waxy appearance, with papules and plaques that can vary from self-healing mucinosis to even disrupting the normal shape of a patient's face, conferring a leonine facies, or be part of life threatening diseases like scleromyxedema. This review will describe the most recent classification on lichen myxedematosus in the generalized (scleromyxedema) and the localized forms, as well as the different organ systems involved in scleromyxedema, diagnostic workup, current management, and prognosis.

Giant Lumbar Polypoid Tumor with Bullae on its Surface.

Dear Editor, Acrochordons are common benign neoplasms found in everyday practice. We present a rare case of a giant and single acrochordon on the lumbar region with signs of ischemia. The correlation of clinical, dermatoscopic, and histopathological analyses may help the clinician differentiate this entity from other benign and malignant dermatoses. A 33-year-old man presented to the outpatient clinic complaining of a lumbar mass that had been growing for two years. The lesion was asymptomatic except for recent discomfort when lying in the supine decubitus position. On examination there was a single, erythematous, non-tender pedunculated lesion, 5.1 cm × 4 cm × 3.2 cm in size, with flaccid bullae on its surface and firm consistency (Figure 1, a-b). Dermoscopy showed regularly arranged dotted vessels in a violaceous background and bullae filled with serous fluid (Figure 1, c-d). His personal and family medical history were unremarkable. Shave excision was performed and the sample was sent for histopathologic analysis. Histopathology revealed a normal epidermis surrounding a core of loose collagen fibers. Papillary dermis showed a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate, congested capillaries, and extravasated erythrocytes. Scattered clusters of adipocytes were found in the deep dermis (Figure 2). The diagnosis of a giant ischemic acrochordon was established. Acrochordons, also commonly known as skin tags, are benign pedunculated neoplasms frequently found on the neck, axillae, or groin. They represent fibroepithelial polyps that originate from ectoderm and mesoderm tissue (1). They can be pigmented or skin colored and usually range between 2 to 5 mm in size. Skin tags can affect nearly 46% of the general population (2). Giant and solitary acrochordons are an uncommon clinical variant (2). Differential diagnosis of this pathology may be challenging in the particular clinical context of this patient. Benign neoplasms such as dermatofibroma, neurofibroma, and epidermal inclusion cysts can be clinically similar to giant skin tags (1,2). Histopathological analyses of acrochordons usually show papillomatosis, irregular acanthosis, loose collagen fibers, and dilated capillaries (2). A fibrolipomatous variant of acrochordon may reveal adipose tissue lobules between septa of collagen on pathological examination (1). Local ischemia due to twisting of the stalk may induce the formation of intradermal or subepidermal blisters in these tumors. Histopathologic characteristics found in ischemic acrochordons are neutrophil infiltration, congested capillaries, and extravasated erythrocytes (3). Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus (FeP) is a rare variant of basal cell carcinoma that may clinically mimic benign polypoid tumors and has a certain predilection for the lumbosacral area. Dermoscopic characteristics of fibroepithelioma of Pinkus that may aid the clinician in this diagnosis are fine arborizing vessels, either alone or associated with dotted vessels, and white streaks (4). Cosmetically adequate treatment of a giant acrochordon can be performed by shave excision and electrodesiccation of its pedicle. Choudhary et al. reported good results with this technique on a giant acrochordon on the thigh (5).

Red Scrotum Syndrome Treatment with Pregabalin: A Case Series.

Red scrotum syndrome (RSS) (also known as male genital dysesthesia) is a rarely recognized entity characterized by scrotal erythema accompanied by a burning sensation, pain, hyperesthesia/dysesthesia, increased temperature and pruritus. Although its physiopathology is unknown, it has increasingly been associated with chronic topical steroid use in the male genital area. Treatment is challenging and no standardized treatment is currently available. Because current treatment relies on case reports and small case series, the need for more information about drug efficacy in RSS is warranted. The aim of this study is to describe the therapeutic response to pregabalin in patients from an outpatient dermatologic clinic in a tertiary-care hospital diagnosed with RSS. Five patients with a confirmed diagnosis of RSS were included. Ages ranged from 28 to 63 years. All patients had chronic steroid use in the genital area, mostly in the form of combined formulations of corticosteroids, antifungals, and antibiotics. Four patients were prescribed pregabalin monotherapy, 150 mg once daily at night. One patient was prescribed pregabalin and doxycycline. Two patients had complete remission after one month of therapy, one at two months and two at three months. None experienced recurrence at an average of 9.4 months' follow-up. One patient experienced morning drowsiness that did not require suspending treatment. Pregabalin is a well-tolerated and effective treatment for RSS.