RESUMEN
Background: Recent experimental evidence shows that sevoflurane can reduce the inflammatory response during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. However, this observation so far has not been assessed in an adequately powered randomized controlled trial. Methods: We plan to include one hundred patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass who will be randomized to receive either volatile anesthetics during cardiopulmonary bypass or total intravenous anesthesia. The primary endpoint of the study is to assess the inflammatory response during cardiopulmonary bypass by measuring PMN-elastase serum levels. Secondary endpoints include serum levels of other pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα), anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGFß and IL-10), and microRNA expression in peripheral blood to achieve possible epigenetic mechanisms in this process. In addition, clinical endpoints such as presence of major complications in the postoperative period and length of hospital and intensive care unit stay will be assessed. Discussion: The trial may determine whether adding volatile anesthetic during cardiopulmonary bypass will attenuate the inflammatory response.