Pythiosis in cats in northeastern Brazil.

The epidemiological, clinical and anatomopathological aspects of pythiosis in cats in northeastern Brazil are described. From January 2000 to December 2018 the Laboratory of Animal Pathology of the Federal University of Campina Grande received 1928 tissue samples of cats, three of which were diagnosed as pythiosis. Grossly, the cats showed a multinodular mass in the oral cavity associated with facial deformity (case 1), a large multinodular mass thickening the jejunum wall (case 2), and an ulcerated nodule in the skin at the base of the tail (case 3). Histologically, pyogranulomatous inflammation and necrosis, with intralesional predominantly negatively stained hyphae, were observed in all cases. Immunohistochemistry for Pythium insidiosum revealed strong immunolabelling of the hyphae. The diagnosis of pythiosis was based on the epidemiological, clinical and anatomopathological findings, and was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Although uncommon in cats, pythiosis should be readily considered as a differential diagnosis of chronic pyogranulomatous infections of the gastrointestinal tract and skin, especially in endemic areas, where the disease is often diagnosed in other animal species.

Fratura de patela com ruptura do tendão patelar em um cão: relato de caso / Patella fracture with rupture of the patellar tendon in a dog: case report

Relatou-se a ocorrência de fratura patelar associada à ruptura do tendão patelar em um cão sem raça definida, macho, atendido em um hospital veterinário escola. A técnica utilizada foi a combinação de fixação óssea com fio de Kirschner e aplicação de banda de tensão, recomendada em fraturas transversais da patela. Para reparar a lesão do tendão patelar, realizou-se a sutura tipo Kessler modificada com fio de náilon 0,80mm. No retorno do paciente, 150 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico, havia processo cicatricial ósseo avançado da patela. Concluiu-se que as medidas adotadas para reparação da lesão foram eficazes.

It is reported the occurrence of patellar fracture associated with rupture of the patellar tendon in a mongrel male dog referred to a Teaching Veterinary Hospital. The used technique was the combination of bone fixation with Kirschner wire and application of tension band recommended in most transverse fractures of the patella. To repair the damage to the patellar tendon, the modified Kessler suture with nylon 0.80mm was performed. When the patient returned 150 days after surgery, advanced bone healing process was observed in patella. It was concluded that the measures taken to repair the injury were effective.

Social behavior between mothers x young of sloths Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825 (Xenarthra: Bradypodidae).

This study is a contribution to the ex situ and in situ conservation and preservation of Sloths. The behavioral records of the social interaction between mothers and offspring allow the detection of important learning interactions and psychomotor development. The results provide valuable information that may assist in improving management conditions of captive orphan progeny. They also favor a more effective monitoring of released or transferred specimens. Age is of fundamental importance in deciding what is important during the release, transfer, or reintroduction of the species.

Social behavior between mothers x young of sloths Bradypus variegatus SCHINZ, 1825 (Xenarthra: Bradypodidae)

This study is a contribution to the ex situ and in situ conservation and preservation of Sloths. The behavioral records of the social interaction between mothers and offspring allow the detection of important learning interactions and psychomotor development. The results provide valuable information that may assist in improving management conditions of captive orphan progeny. They also favor a more effective monitoring of released or transferred specimens. Age is of fundamental importance in deciding what is important during the release, transfer, or reintroduction of the species

Trigger wrist caused by a tumor of the tendon sheath in a teenager.

Triggering of the flexor tendons at the wrist is a rare phenomenon. It usually occurs in adult patients, and the manifestations and etiology can vary. We present a teenager with triggering and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome caused by a fibroma of the tendon sheath originating from the flexor tendons in the carpal canal.

Dorsal dislocation of the index carpometacarpal joint.

Dorsal dislocations of the index metacarpal are rare occurrences. A case is presented with an unusual mechanism of injury. Successful management included open reduction and internal temporary fixation of the involved joint.

Carpal tunnel syndrome: the cause dictates the treatment.

Mild carpal tunnel syndrome should be conservatively treated and severe carpal tunnel syndrome usually requires surgery; however, management of moderate carpal tunnel syndrome is more complex. Usually, the treatment is dictated by the cause, which may be occupational injury, acute trauma, systemic diseases such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, or rheumatoid arthritis, or other causes.

Inflammatory and traumatic tendinopathies about the ulnar wrist.

Tendinopathy about the ulnar aspect of the wrist may involve either extensor or flexor structures and has a variety of causes. Although relatively less common than intra-articular pathology, disorders of these superficial structures must not be neglected when performing a physical examination of the ulnar wrist or developing a differential diagnosis for patients with ulnar wrist pain.

Congenital attenuation of the extensor tendon central slip.

A congenital attenuation of the central slip results in a flexion attitude of the affected digit that can be confused with more common conditions such as congenital trigger finger or camptodactyly. It is a mild form of congenital absence of the central slip. The diagnosis is discussed. Treatment consists of limited excision of the attenuated area and suturing of the normal components of the central slip. The author has treated five cases in the last 10 years.

Compression plate arthrodesis of the elbow.

We reviewed 15 patients with an arthrodesis of the elbow using an AO compression-plate technique, after an average follow-up of 24 months. The most common indication was an open, infected high-energy injury with associated bone loss. Arthrodesis was successful in all but one patient in whom severe deep infection necessitated amputation. Eight patients were treated with the metal partly exposed in an infected wound. After removal of the metal, all wounds healed secondarily and none had clinical or radiographic signs of sepsis at latest review. Compression-plate arthrodesis of the elbow is a generally applicable method that can be used even in cases of severe bone loss. There appears to be greater certainty of union than with other techniques, and no increased risk of subsequent fracture.

"Disappearing bone disease" in the hand.

"Disappearing bone disease" is a rare entity that is characterized by extensive osteolysis associated with hemangiomatosis. A case affecting a 13-year-old girl, with wide-spread hand involvement is reported. She did not respond to bone grafting but the condition was arrested after a course of radiation therapy.

Detection of a relatively radiolucent foreign body in the hand by xerography.

A case is presented in which a piece of wood, broken off in a hand, failed to show on a conventional radiograph and was clearly discernible on a xerogram.