Hydrolyzable tannins from Poincianella (Caesalpinia) microphylla fruits: Metabolite profiling and anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity.

Poincianella (Caesalpinia) microphylla fractions were analyzed by LC-DAD-MS and by statistical tools to determine the possible bioactive compounds against T. vaginalis. Tannins enriched-fractions toxicity (M5 and M10) were analyzed in in vitro against human red cells and in in vivo model of Galleria mellonella. Twenty-six compounds were detected from the P. microphylla fractions. The main compounds identified were hydrolyzable tannins (gallotanins and ellagitannis), such as O-digalloyl hexoside, O-digalloyl HHDP -hexoside, tri-O-galloyl HHDP-hexoside, O-galloyl HHDP-DHHDP-hexoside and their isomers. In addition, procyanidin dimer, epicatechin, ellagic acid and O-(digalloyl) quinic acid were also identified. Based on univariate statistical analyses, stronger correlations with the anti-T. vaginalis properties were observed for the compounds 7 (O-galloyl HHDP-DHHDP-hexoside - Geraniin isomer), 3 (O-digalloyl HHDP -hexoside - mallotinic acid), 2 (O-digalloyl) quinic acid), 1 (O-digalloyl hexoside) and 9 (unknown). Tannins enriched-fractions (M5 and M10) presented anti-Trichomonas activity (IC50 70.41 µg/mL and 142.1 µg/mL, respectively) and no toxicity in the in vivo model of G. mellonella. This innovative approach allowed us to identify likely bioactive compounds in the extracts, although the mechanism(s) underlying anti-trichomonal activity encompass a complex trait.

Efficacy of application of Equisetum pyramidale Goldm. hydrogel for tissue restoration of induced skin lesions in Wistar rats / Eficácia da aplicação de Equisetum pyramidale Goldm. hidrogel na restauração tecidual em lesões cutâneas induzidas em ratos Wistar

Abstract Medicinal plants, such as E. pyramidale, are alternatives against infections and assist in the healing process of wounds. We evaluated the effects of Hydrogel of E. pyramidale on the healing of cutaneous wounds in animal models by morphological, morphometric and histological analyses, and elucidated major components. The ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale shoots was submitted to phytochemical analysis. For cicatrizing activity assay, Wistar rats were used, and the groups evaluated were hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% compared to control groups. The treatment periods were 3, 7 and 21 days, and macroscopic and microscopic analyses were performed. Data were submitted to Analysis of Variance (p <0.05). Phytochemistry and quantification evidenced that flavonoids are main constituents and that they were evidenced by thin layer chromatography (TLC), high efficiency (HPLC) and infrared (IR) methods. In TLC, using flavonoid patterns, we observed pinocembrin. The hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% was effective in wound regression. E. pyramidale can be used for the treatment of second intention wounds, and the effective healing may be due to a high flavonoid content.

Resumo As plantas medicinais, como E. pyramidale, são uma alternativa para combater infecções e ajudar o processo de cicatrização de feridas. Avaliar os efeitos do hidrogel de E. pyramidale na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em modelos animais através de análises morfológicas, morfométricas e histológicas, bem como para elucidar os principais componentes. O extrato etanólico das partes aéreas de E. pyramidale foi submetido a análise fitoquímica. Para o ensaio de atividade cicatrizante, foram utilizados ratos Wistar e os grupos avaliados foram o hidrogel com extrato etanólico de E. pyramidale 2% em comparação com os grupos controle. Os períodos de tratamento foram 3, 7 e 21 dias e as análises macroscópicas e microscópicas foram realizadas e os dados submetidos à Análise de Variância (p <0,05). A fitoquímica e a quantificação indicaram que os flavonóides são os constituintes principais e que mesmos foram evidenciados na cromatografia de camada delgada (CCD), de alta eficiência (HPLC) e por infravermelho (IV). Em CCD, empregando padrões de flavonoides, foi observado a pinocembrina. O hidrogel com extrato etanólico de E. pyramidale 2% foi eficaz na regressão da ferida. E. pyramidale pode ser usado no tratamento de feridas de segunda intenção e a cura efetiva pode ser devido ao alto teor de flavonoides.

Efficacy of application of Equisetum pyramidale Goldm. hydrogel for tissue restoration of induced skin lesions in Wistar rats.

Medicinal plants, such as E. pyramidale, are alternatives against infections and assist in the healing process of wounds. We evaluated the effects of Hydrogel of E. pyramidale on the healing of cutaneous wounds in animal models by morphological, morphometric and histological analyses, and elucidated major components. The ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale shoots was submitted to phytochemical analysis. For cicatrizing activity assay, Wistar rats were used, and the groups evaluated were hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% compared to control groups. The treatment periods were 3, 7 and 21 days, and macroscopic and microscopic analyses were performed. Data were submitted to Analysis of Variance (p <0.05). Phytochemistry and quantification evidenced that flavonoids are main constituents and that they were evidenced by thin layer chromatography (TLC), high efficiency (HPLC) and infrared (IR) methods. In TLC, using flavonoid patterns, we observed pinocembrin. The hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% was effective in wound regression. E. pyramidale can be used for the treatment of second intention wounds, and the effective healing may be due to a high flavonoid content.

Peripheral and central antinociceptive effects of the butanolic fraction of Byrsonima verbascifolia leaves on nociception-induced models in mice.

Byrsonima verbascifolia (Malpighiaceae), commonly known as 'murici', is used in folk medicine, for example, in the treatment of inflammation. The anti-inflammatory activity of the butanolic fraction of B. verbascifolia leaves (BvBF) was previously reported by our group, and the present study was designed to evaluate their antinociceptive effects. BvBF (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) inhibited acetic acid induced abdominal writhing. In the formalin test, BvBF (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a reduction in licking time in both the neurogenic and inflammatory phases. Moreover, we demonstrated that BvBF (30 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) caused an increase in the latency to response in the hot-plate test. These results demonstrate that BvBF possesses marked peripheral and central antinociceptive activities. Pre-treatment with the non-selective receptor antagonist naloxone (5 mg/kg, i.p.) abolished the antinociceptive effects of BvBF (100 mg/kg, i.p.) in the neurogenic phase of the formalin and hot-plate tests. The anti-inflammatory activity of BvBF (previously reported) as well as the participation of the opioidergic system seems to be responsible, at least in part, for these antinociceptive effects. Finally, BvBF at the doses investigated (25, 50 and 100 mg/Kg) did not cause any toxicity signals, showing that the antinociceptive activity is devoid of sedative and hypomotility effects.

Efficacy of application of Equisetum pyramidale Goldm. hydrogel for tissue restoration of induced skin lesions in Wistar rats

Abstract Medicinal plants, such as E. pyramidale, are alternatives against infections and assist in the healing process of wounds. We evaluated the effects of Hydrogel of E. pyramidale on the healing of cutaneous wounds in animal models by morphological, morphometric and histological analyses, and elucidated major components. The ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale shoots was submitted to phytochemical analysis. For cicatrizing activity assay, Wistar rats were used, and the groups evaluated were hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% compared to control groups. The treatment periods were 3, 7 and 21 days, and macroscopic and microscopic analyses were performed. Data were submitted to Analysis of Variance (p 0.05). Phytochemistry and quantification evidenced that flavonoids are main constituents and that they were evidenced by thin layer chromatography (TLC), high efficiency (HPLC) and infrared (IR) methods. In TLC, using flavonoid patterns, we observed pinocembrin. The hydrogel containing ethanolic extract of E. pyramidale at 2% was effective in wound regression. E. pyramidale can be used for the treatment of second intention wounds, and the effective healing may be due to a high flavonoid content.

Resumo As plantas medicinais, como E. pyramidale, são uma alternativa para combater infecções e ajudar o processo de cicatrização de feridas. Avaliar os efeitos do hidrogel de E. pyramidale na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em modelos animais através de análises morfológicas, morfométricas e histológicas, bem como para elucidar os principais componentes. O extrato etanólico das partes aéreas de E. pyramidale foi submetido a análise fitoquímica. Para o ensaio de atividade cicatrizante, foram utilizados ratos Wistar e os grupos avaliados foram o hidrogel com extrato etanólico de E. pyramidale 2% em comparação com os grupos controle. Os períodos de tratamento foram 3, 7 e 21 dias e as análises macroscópicas e microscópicas foram realizadas e os dados submetidos à Análise de Variância (p 0,05). A fitoquímica e a quantificação indicaram que os flavonóides são os constituintes principais e que mesmos foram evidenciados na cromatografia de camada delgada (CCD), de alta eficiência (HPLC) e por infravermelho (IV). Em CCD, empregando padrões de flavonoides, foi observado a pinocembrina. O hidrogel com extrato etanólico de E. pyramidale 2% foi eficaz na regressão da ferida. E. pyramidale pode ser usado no tratamento de feridas de segunda intenção e a cura efetiva pode ser devido ao alto teor de flavonoides.

Antineoplastic activity of selected constituents of Duguetia glabriuscula.

The cytotoxic effects of seven constituents isolated from Duguetia glabriuscula were evaluated against Hep2 human larynx carcinoma cells. The cytotoxicity exhibited by beta-sitosterol was as strong as that of cis-platin. (+)-Alloaromadendran-10,14beta-diol caused inhibition of cellular growth with IC50 values lower than 25 microg/ml, a feature that was considered as revealing significant activity. Polycarpol showed borderline cytotoxicity, whereas the other compounds were inactive.