[Hemolytic anemia secondary to the placement of a portosystemic stented shunt]. / Anemia hemolítica secundaria a la colocación de Stent transyugular intrahepático porto sistémico.

INTRODUCTION: portal hypertension and variceal hemorrhage are common complications of hepatic cirrhosis, both associated with a high morbimortality. Portal system decompression by the placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stented shunt, can reduce portal venus pressure and is effective controling complications of portal hypertension, like variceal hemorrhage and ascitis. The aim of this document is to describe a case of hemolytic anemia secondary to the placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stented shunt. CLINICAL CASE: patient with portal hypertension secondary to liver cirrosis was given a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stented shunt for recurrent variceal hemorrhage. After the procedure, hemoglobin decreased 2 g/dL, associated with reticulocitosis, hipohaptoglobinemia, elevated lactic dehydrogenase and indirect hyperbilirrubinemia with negative Coombs test. The peripheral blood smear showed abnormal erythrocytes, with the prevalence of schistocytes. The final diagnosis was hemolytic anemia secondary to transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stented shunt. CONCLUSIONS: the hemolytic anemia secondary to Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stented Shunt is a rare complication. Usually, it has a benign prognosis, and it is self-limited once the stent is endothelialized.

Fragilidad y sarcopenia / Frailty and sarcopenia

La fragilidad es un síndrome geriátrico caracterizado por pérdida de peso, cansancio, debilidad, marcha lenta y disminución de la actividad física. Es más común en mujeres, obesos y diabéticos. Es secundaria a disregulación endócrina y a un estado proinflamatorio y protrombótico. La sarcopenia, pérdida de la masa muscular, es característica de la fragilidad. El tratamiento está encaminado a incrementar la masa y fuerza muscular mediante un mejor aporte calórico-protéico y un programa de ejercicios. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo revisar conceptos actuales relacionados a la definición, epidemiología, fisiopatología y tratamiento del síndrome de fragilidad y la sarcopenia, así como su impacto en la población geriátrica.

Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by weight loss, fatigue, weakness, slow walking and reduced physical activity. It is more common among women, obese people and diabetic patients. It is secondary to endocrine dys-regulation and a proinflammatory, prothrombotic status. Sarcopenia, loss of muscle mass, is characteristic of frailty. The treatment is focused on increasing muscle mass and strength by improving caloric-proteic intake and implementing a physical exercise program. The aim of the present article is to review the current concepts related to the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment of frailty syndrome and sarcopenia, as well as its impact on geriatric population.