La búsqueda de la felicidad en la literatura de autoayuda. Un desafío para la bioética / La cerca de la felicitat en la literatura d'autoajuda. Un desafiament per a la bioètica / The pursuit of happiness in self-help literature. A challenge for bioethics

Esta investigación propone el análisis de los posibles riesgos asociados al consumo de libros de autoayuda, donde hay una constante búsqueda inmediatista de soluciones a los problemas de la vida cotidiana. El trabajo se enmarca en la metodología de artículo teórico. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos científicas y de humanidades, además de considerar los antecedentes y el contexto relacionados con el tema abordado, seguido de un análisis de la información. Como resultado, se evidenció que existen riesgos asociados al uso de la autoayuda como método de solución para los problemas que afectan al sujeto contemporáneo en la sociedad, debido a la posibilidad de transgredir los principios de la bioética, además de la ausencia de implementaciónde los fundamentos acerca del alcance de la felicidad proporcionada por la neurociencia.(AU)

Aquesta investigació proposa l'anàlisi dels possibles riscos associats al consum de llibres d'autoajuda, on hi ha una constant cerca immediatista de solucions als problemes de la vida quotidiana. El treball s'emmarca en la metodologia d'article teòric. Es va realitzar una revisió bibliogràfica en bases de dades científiques i d'humanitats, a més de considerar els antecedents i el context relacionats amb el tema abordat, seguit d'un anàlisi de la informació. Com a resultat, es va evidenciar que existeixen riscos associats a l'ús de l'autoajuda com a mètode de solució per als problemes que afecten el subjecte contemporani en la societat, degut a la possibilitat de transgredir els principis de la bioètica, a més de l'absència d'implementació dels fonaments sobre l'abast de la felicitat proporcionada per la neurociència.(AU)

The aim of the present study is to analyze the possible risks associated with the consumption of self-help books, in which people are constantly looking for instant solutions to everyday life problems. The research is framed in the theoretical article methodology. A literature search was conducted in scientific and humanities databases, in addition to considering the background and context related to the proposed topic, followed by an analysis of the information. Results showed that the use of self-help as a method to solve problems affecting the contemporary subject in society has risks, due to the possibility of transgressing the principles of bioethics, and the failure to implement the foundations provided by neuroscience on the scope of happiness.(AU)

The Prophylactic Effect of Ivermectin Treatments on Nematode Infections of Mammals in a Faunistic Park (Northern Italy).

Nematode infections of mammals can spread in zoos and faunistic parks and lead to disease in humans and animals. Group treatment strategies with anthelminthic drugs are common. Still, their effectiveness should be verified by sensitive and specific copromicroscopic analyses. This study assessed longitudinal parasitological monitoring, by FLOTAC® dual technique, in mammals housed in an Italian faunistic park, in order to verify the effectiveness of the two adopted ivermectin prophylactic treatments. Twenty-one species of herbivorous mammals from ten families were treated twice per year with ivermectin in an in-feed formulation (medicated feed containing 1.7 g/ton ivermectin daily, for 30 days in March and November), while 13 species of carnivores and primates from five families were treated once a month with oral or subcutaneous administrations of ivermectin (200 µg/kg body weight (b.w.), from March to November). Fecal samples were collected in June-July and October 2019 (late spring-early summer and autumn sampling groups, respectively). All nematode infections, sustained by Nematodirus spp., Capillaria spp., Trichuris spp., Parascaris spp. and Strongylida, were detected in samples collected from herbivores, presenting prevalence rates of infection of 17.3% (9/52), 15.4% (8/52), 15.4% (8/52), 5.8% (3/52), and 3.8% (2/52), respectively. All carnivores and primates tested negative. The general linear mixed model showed that nematode eggs' excretion in herbivores were influenced by sampling and sampling-host family interaction. Results showed that frequency and dose of prophylactic treatments in herbivores should be improved according to host and parasite taxonomic groups. The treatment adopted in carnivores and primates, together with hygienic management, was effective in nematode control.

Selective Nucleation of Poly(3-hexyl thiophene) Nanofibers on Multilayer Graphene Substrates.

We demonstrate that graphene surfaces provide highly selective nucleation of poly(3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) nanofibers (NFs) from supersaturated solutions. Solvent conditions are identified that give rise to a wide hysteresis between crystallization and melting centered around room temperature, yielding metastable solutions that are stable against homogeneous nucleation for long periods of time but that allow for heterogeneous nucleation by graphene. Selective growth of P3HT crystals is found for multilayer graphene (MLG) supported on either Si or ITO substrates, with nucleation kinetics that are more rapid for MLG on Si but slower in both cases than for highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Although the NFs grow vertically from the substrate with face-on orientation of P3HT chains, we observe edge-on orientation in dried films, presumably due to capillary forces that cause collapse of the NFs onto the substrate during solvent evaporation.