Effect of Hypoenergetic Diet Combined With Pumpkin Seed Flour Consumption on Obese Women

Abstract Background Dietary treatment containing fiber-rich foods may contribute to lowering weight in obese women. Objective To investigate the effect of a hypoenergetic diet combined with pumpkin seed flour (PSF) consumption on diet quality, anthropometric indices, and glucose and lipid metabolism in obese women. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 90-day clinical trial with obese women, distributed into the following two groups: hypoenergetic diet + placebo (PG) and hypoenergetic diet + pumpkin seed flour (PSFG). A total of 100 participants were included in the PSFG (n = 47) and PG (n = 53). We evaluated neck circumference (NC); waist to height ratio; conicity index; fat mass (FM); lipid profile; blood concentrations of glucose and insulin; homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI); and blood pressure at baseline, 30, 60, and 90 days. Dietary analysis was determined by differences between diet quality indices before and after prescribing the experimental diet. Chi-squared, Student's t-tests and analysis for repeated measures were used, and values were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results The dietary pattern improved after 90 days in both groups. The PSFG presented lower NC (p < 0.001), FM (p = 0.010), triglycerides (TG) (p = 0.025), insulin (p = 0.003), and HOMA-IR (p = 0.018). The PG presented a lower diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.004) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (p = 0.056). Conclusion A hypoenergetic diet combined with PSF consumption contributes to lowering NC, FM, HOMA-IR, TG, and insulin concentrations.

Hypocaloric diet associated with the consumption of jam enriched with microencapsulated fish oil decreases insulin resistance / La dieta hipocalórica junto con mermelada enriquecida con aceite de pescado microencapsulado disminuye la resistencia a la insulina

Background: The metabolic syndrome is related to the increase in cardiovascular diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil help in reducing cardiovascular risk factors and are natural bindings of PPARγ2. Objective: To evaluate the impact of hypocaloric diet associated with microencapsulated fish oil supplementation in women with metabolic syndrome. Methods: We conducted a randomized, single-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial with adult women who presented metabolic syndrome (n = 30) for 90 days. The volunteers were divided into two groups: placebo group (n = 15) and microencapsulated fish oil group (n = 15) (3 g/day of microencapsulated fish oil containing 0.41 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid and decosahexaneoic acid). Anthropometric, body composition, clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed before and after the intervention. Paired t-test was used for comparisons within groups and Student’s t-test for comparison between groups. We considered p < 0.05 as significant values. Results: The comparison between groups revealed a significant reduction of blood glucose, insulinemia and the homeostasis model assessment in the microencapsulated fish oil group after 90 days, as opposed to the placebo group. We also observed reduction of the systolic arterial pressure in the microencapsulated fish oil group. Conclusion: A hypocaloric diet associated with the consumption of microencapsulated fish oil was effective in reducing blood glucose, insulinemia and insulin resistance in women with MS (AU)

Antecedentes: El síndrome metabólico se relaciona con un incremento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados del aceite de pescado ayudan a reducir los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y son ligandos naturales del PPARγ2. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la dieta hipocalórica asociada con suplementación de aceite de pescado microencapsulado en mujeres con síndrome metabólico. Métodos: Realizamos un ensayo clínico de distribución aleatoria, simple ciego y controlado con placebo en mujeres adultas con síndrome metabólico (n = 30) durante 90 días. Se dividió a las voluntarias en dos grupos: el grupo placebo (n = 15) y el grupo con aceite de pescado microencapsulado (n = 15) (3 g/día de aceite de pescado microencapsulado que contienen 0,41 g/día de ácido eicosapentaenoico y de ácido decosahexaneoico). Se evaluaron parámetros antropométricos, clínicos y de laboratorio y la composición corporal antes y después de la intervención. Se emplearon la prueba t pareada para las comparaciones dentro de los grupos y la prueba t de Student para la comparación entre grupos. Consideramos valores significativos de p < 0,05. Resultados: La comparación entre grupos reveló una reducción significativa de la glucosa sanguínea, la insulinemia y la evaluación del modelo homeostático en el grupo de aceite de pescado microencapsulado tras 90 días, en comparación con el grupo placebo. También observamos una reducción de la presión arterial sistólica en el grupo con aceite de pescado microencapsulado. Conclusión: La dieta hipocalórica asociada con el consumo de aceite de pescado microencapsulado fue eficaz en la reducción de la glucosa sanguínea, la insulinemia y la resistencia a la insulina en mujeres con SM (AU)