Applying reflective multicriteria decision analysis to understand the value of therapeutic alternatives in the management of gestational and peripartum anaemia in Spain.

BACKGROUND: The objective of the FeminFER project was to assess the value of ferric carboxymaltose following a multicriteria decision analysis in obstetrics and gynaecology in Spain. METHODS: Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) and ferrous sulphate were evaluated using the EVIDEM framework. Ten stakeholders participated to collect different perspectives. The framework was adapted considering evidence retrieved with a PICO-S search strategy and grey literature. Criteria/subcriteria were weighted by level of relevance and an evidence-based decision-making exercise was developed in each criterion; weights and scores were combined to obtain the value of intervention relative to each criterion/subcriterion, that were further combined into the Modulated Relative Benefit-Risk Balance (MRBRB). RESULTS: The most important criterion favouring FCM was Compared Efficacy/Effectiveness (0.183 ± 0.07), followed by Patient Preferences (0.059 ± 0.10). Only Direct medical costs criterion favoured FS (-0.003 ± 0.03). MRBRB favoured FCM; 0.45 ± 0.19; in a scale from -1 to + 1. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, considering the several criteria involved in the decision-making process, participants agreed with the use of FCM according to its MRBRB.

Control del embarazo en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico y síndrome antifosfolípido. Parte 1: Infertilidad, preservación ovárica y valoración preconcepcional. Documento de consenso de la Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI) y Sociedad Española de Reumatología (SER) / Pregnancy Control in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Part 1: Infertility, Ovarian Preservation and Preconception Assessment. Consensus Document of the Spanish Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (SEGO), the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI) and the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER)

Objetivo: El embarazo y el puerperio se consideran una situación de riesgo en mujeres con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) y síndrome antifosfolípido (SAF). Es esencial que especialistas en enfermedades autoinmunes y en embarazo de alto riesgo intervengan en su seguimiento de forma coordinada. La Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia, la Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna, y la Sociedad Española de Reumatología han constituido un grupo de trabajo paritario para la elaboración de 3 documentos de consenso. Métodos: Las fases del trabajo fueron: distribución del trabajo en grupos correspondientes a los 3 períodos relacionados con la gestación, identificación de áreas clave, revisión de la literatura y formulación de recomendaciones. Resultados: En este primer documento se incluyen las primeras 48 recomendaciones que tratan aspectos relacionados con la infertilidad, la necesidad y los tratamientos de preservación gonadal y la valoración preconcepcional. Conclusiones: Estas recomendaciones multidisciplinares se consideran herramientas en la toma de decisiones para los clínicos involucrados en la asistencia a pacientes con LES/SAF durante el embarazo.(AU)

Objective: Pregnancy and puerperium are considered a risk situation in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Therefore, specialized assessment is essential both preconception and during pregnancy and the puerperium. Likewise, it is very important that different specialists in autoimmune diseases and high-risk pregnancies participate in the follow-up of these patients in a coordinated manner. The Spanish Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine, and the Spanish Society of Rheumatology have set up a working group for the preparation of three consensus documents. Methods: The stages of the work were: distribution of work in three groups corresponding to the three periods related to pregnancy (preconception, during pregnancy and childbirth and puerperium), identification of key areas, exhaustive review of the literature and formulation of recommendations. Results: This first document includes the 48 recommendations that address aspects related to infertility, the need for and treatments for gonadal preservation and preconception assessment. Conclusions: These multidisciplinary recommendations are considered decision-making tools for clinicians involved in the care of patients with SLE/APS during pregnancy.(AU)

Pregnancy Control in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Part 1: Infertility, Ovarian Preservation and Preconception Assessment. Consensus Document of the Spanish Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (SEGO), the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI) and the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER). / Control del embarazo en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico y síndrome antifosfolípido. Parte 1: Infertilidad, preservación ovárica y valoración preconcepcional. Documento de consenso de la Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI) y Sociedad Española de Reumatología (SER).

OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy and puerperium are considered a risk situation in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Therefore, specialized assessment is essential both preconception and during pregnancy and the puerperium. Likewise, it is very important that different specialists in autoimmune diseases and high-risk pregnancies participate in the follow-up of these patients in a coordinated manner. The Spanish Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine, and the Spanish Society of Rheumatology have set up a working group for the preparation of three consensus documents. METHODS: The stages of the work were: distribution of work in three groups corresponding to the three periods related to pregnancy (preconception, during pregnancy and childbirth and puerperium), identification of key areas, exhaustive review of the literature and formulation of recommendations. RESULTS: This first document includes the 48 recommendations that address aspects related to infertility, the need for and treatments for gonadal preservation and preconception assessment. CONCLUSIONS: These multidisciplinary recommendations are considered decision-making tools for clinicians involved in the care of patients with SLE/APS during pregnancy.

Efficiency of the modified Sims maternal position in the rotation of persistent occiput posterior position during labor: A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Fetal occiput posterior position in labor is associated with more painful and prolonged labor, and an increase in both maternal and fetal morbidity. The aim of this study is to assess whether the modified Sims position on the side of the fetal spine increases the rotation to occiput anterior position in women with epidural analgesia and a fetus in persistent occiput posterior (POP) position. METHODS: This is an open, randomized controlled, clinical trial. One hundred and twenty women in labor with fetuses in POP position were included. The diagnosis was performed through digital vaginal examination and confirmed with an ultrasound scan. Women were randomized into the free position group or the modified Sims on the side of the fetal spine. The primary outcome was rotation to occiput anterior, and secondary outcomes were type of delivery, postpartum perineal condition, perinatal results, and maternal satisfaction. RESULTS: In pregnant women undergoing labor in the Sims position, fetuses in POP rotated to occiput anterior in 50.8% of cases, whilst in the free position group, the rotation occurred in 21.7% (P = .001). The rate of vaginal deliveries was higher in the Sims group compared with the free position group (84.7% vs 68.3%, P = .035). DISCUSSION: The modified Sims position is a maternal posture intervention efficient in POP rotation, which decreases cesarean delivery rate. It is a simple and noninvasive intervention, reproducible, and well tolerated by pregnant women.

Manejo de las complicaciones vasculares gestacionales y trombosis en la mujer / Management of gestational vascular complications and thrombosis in women

Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de trombofilia en trombosis gestacional y complicaciones vasulares gestacionales en nuestro entorno y el manejo de las mismas. Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo y observacional en el que se incluyeron cuatro cohortes: trombosis, profilaxis de trombosis, complicaciones vasulares gestacionales, profilaxis de complicaciones vasulares gestacionales. Se registraron 1.032 episodios, de los cuales se incluyeron 994 en el análisis final. Resultados: la distribución de episodios fue: 5,5% trombosis, 30,2% profilaxis de trombosis, 35,7% complicaciones vasulares gestacionales y 24,9% profilaxis de complicaciones vasulares gestacionales. Las pérdidas gestacionales fueron la complicación más frecuente. Se realizó estudio de trombofilia en 82,6% de complicaciones vasulares gestacionales y 70,2% de trombosis. Los resultados fueron positivos en el 47% de trombosis y en 21% de complicaciones vasulares gestacionales. Los defectos más comunes en complicaciones vasulares gestacionales fueron la elevación del factor VIII, la presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos y la mutación F12C46T en homocigosis. Se empleó tratamiento antitrombótico en el 85% de profilaxis de trombosis y en el 77% de profilaxis de complicaciones vasulares gestacionales. La tromboprofilaxis de complicaciones vasulares gestacionales no se relacionó con una mejora en el resultado de la gestación. Conclusiones: se realizaron estudios de trombofilia a la mayoría de las pacientes, con resultados diferentes en trombosis y complicaciones vasulares gestacionales. Se empleó tromboprofilaxis en más del 70% de las pacientes. La profilaxis farmacológica de complicaciones vasulares gestacionales no aportó beneficio significativo. Serían necesarios estudios futuros para confirmar nuestros resultados (AU)

Objective: The main objectives were to establish the prevalence of thrombophilia in pregnancy-related thrombosis and vascular placental complications and to evaluate the clinical management of these complications. Materials and methods: Multicenter, prospective and observational study. We analysed 4 patient cohorts: thrombosis, thrombosis prophylaxis, vascular placental complications, vascular placental complications prophylaxis. A total of 1032 episodes were registeredand 994 were included in the final analysis. Results: The distribution of the episodes was: 5.5% thrombosis, 30.2% thrombosis prophylaxis, 35.7% vascular placental complications and 24.9% vascular placental complications prophylaxis. Pregnancy loss was the most frequent complication registered. Thrombophilia studies were made in 82.6% patients in vascular placental complications cohort and in 70.2% of thrombosis patients. Positive results were obtained in 47% of patients in thrombosis group and in 21% of patients with vascular placental complications. In this group the most common defects found were high levels of FVIII, positive antiphospholipid antibodies and homocigosity for F12C46T polymorphism. Antithrombotic treatment was used in 85% of thrombosis prophylaxis episodes and in 77% of vascular placental complications prophylaxis episodes. Pharmacologic prophylaxis was not related with a better pregnancy outcome in vascular placental complications prophylaxis group. Conclusions: Thrombophilia studies were made to most patients in this registry. Results were different in patients with thrombosis and vascular placental complications. Most patients in vascular placental complications prophylaxis group with or without thrombophilia recieved LMWH +/- aspirin, but we did not find a benefit of these treatments. Further studies with more patients will be needed to confirm our findings (AU)

El impacto y la corrección de posiciones occipitoposteriores en el parto / The impact and correction of occiput posterior positions when giving birth

El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es profundizar en la frecuencia, factores predisponentes, diagnostico, evolución, pronostico y medidas correctoras de las variedades posteriores de la cabeza fetal en el parto. Se hizo una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, CINHAL, Cuidatge y Biblioteca Cochrane con los descriptores «occipitoposterior», «occiputposterior», «fetal malpresentations», «malposiciones fetales», «parto» y «labor»; se incluyeron los estudios, con cualquier tipo de diseño, publicados en los últimos 20 años en castellano o inglés .Los resultados reflejan variabilidad en los temas estudiados, excepto en la frecuencia. Las posiciones posteriores se asocian a una mayor morbilidad materno-fetal y a un trabajo de parto más doloroso, prolongado y difícil. Aunque estas posiciones no son una complicación grave ni son difíciles de tratar, tienen graves consecuencias para la madre y el hijo

The objective of this bibliographic review is to deepen into the corrective measures of the posterior positions. This is accomplished through the analysis of the predisposing factors, diagnosis, frequency, prognosis and its evolution. The research was conducted through the databases: PubMed, CINHAL, Cuidatge and the Cochrane Library; through studies with any type of design and in both English and Spanish languages. 152 articles were found, from which 40 were selected; these reflect variety in all the studied elements except for incidence. The posterior positions are associated with a higher materno-foetal morbidity, linked to a longer, more painful and complicated delivery. Even though these positions don’t necessarily lead to dangerous situations, they may still present severe consequences for the mother and the baby

Anti-annexin A5 antibodies in women with spontaneous pregnancy loss

Background and Objective: The aim was to evaluate the role of anti-annexin A5 (anti-ANXA5) antibodies as risk factor for recurrent miscarriage (RM) and unexplained fetal loss (UFL). Patients and methods: Retrospective, cohort study. Setting: Vall d’Hebron University Hospital. Subjects: 122 women, in two groups: Study group: 54 women with RM/UFL and control group: 68 pregnant without RM/UFL. Intervention: Antiphospholipid, mainly anti-ANXA5 antibody analysis. Comparison of all antiphospholipid antibodies between groups. Results: Antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) prevalence in the study group was 10/54 (14.8%) and 5/68 (7.3%) in control group (p=0.09). In the RM subgroup, it was 3/25 and 9/34 in UFL versus 5/68 in controls (p=0.013). Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was present in 4 cases, all belonging to the study group (p=0.011). Four out of 34 women with UFL were positive for anticardiolipin antibodies-IgG (IgG-aCL) versus 1/68 in controls (p=0.041). In RM subgroup, anti-ANXA5 antibodies were positive in 2/25 versus 3/68 in controls, and in UFL subgroup, 3/34 versus 3/68 cases (p=1.000). Conclusion: According to our results, anti-ANXA5 antibodies should not be considered as a risk factor for RM/UFL (AU)

Fundamento y Objetivo: El objetivo principal fue evaluar el papel de los anticuerpos anti-anexina A5 (ac-anti-ANXA5) como factor de riesgo de abortos recurrentes (AR) y de la pérdida fetal inexplicada (PFI). Pacientes y Método: Se trata de un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo. Se desarrolló en el Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron de Barcelona. Se estudiaron un total de 122 mujeres, en dos grupos: grupo de estudio, formado por: 54 mujeres con AR/PFI y grupo control, constituido por 68 gestantes sin historia de AR/PFI. Se estudiaron los anticuerpos antifosfolípido (aFL), con especial interés para los ac-anti-ANXA5. Se compararon los resultados entre ambos grupos, estudio y control. Resultados: La prevalencia de positividad para los aFL fue de 10/54 (14,8%) en el grupo de estudio y de 5/68 (7,3%) en el grupo control (p=0,09). En el subgrupo de mujeres con AR, la prevalencia de los aFL fue de 3/25 y de 9/35 en el subgrupo afecto de PFI, versus 5/68 en el grupo control (p=0,013). El anticoagulante lúpico (AL) fue positivo en 4 casos, todos ellos pertenecientes al grupo de estudio (p=0,011). Cuatro de las 34 mujeres con historia de PFI tenían anticuerpos anti-cardiolipina isotipo IgG versus 1/68 en el grupo control (p=0,041). En el subgrupo de AR, los ac-anti-anexina A5 se detectaron en 2/25 casos versus 3/68 en el grupo control y 3/34 el subgrupo con PFI (p=1,000). Conclusiones: De acuerdo con los resultados de nuestro estudio, los anticuerpos anti-anexina A5 no deberían ser considerados como factores de riesgo de AR y/o de PFI (AU)

Tomografía computarizada o gammagrafía en el diagnóstico de la embolia pulmonar durante el embarazo / Pulmonary embolism during pregnancy: CT or lung scan?

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Anti-annexin A5 antibodies in women with spontaneous pregnancy loss.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the role of anti-annexin A5 (anti-ANXA5) antibodies as risk factor for recurrent miscarriage (RM) and unexplained fetal loss (UFL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective, cohort study. SETTING: Vall d'Hebron University Hospital. SUBJECTS: 122 women, in two groups: STUDY GROUP: 54 women with RM/UFL and control group: 68 pregnant without RM/UFL. INTERVENTION: Antiphospholipid, mainly anti-ANXA5 antibody analysis. Comparison of all antiphospholipid antibodies between groups. RESULTS: Antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) prevalence in the study group was 10/54 (14.8%) and 5/68 (7.3%) in control group (p=0.09). In the RM subgroup, it was 3/25 and 9/34 in UFL versus 5/68 in controls (p=0.013). Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was present in 4 cases, all belonging to the study group (p=0.011). Four out of 34 women with UFL were positive for anticardiolipin antibodies-IgG (IgG-aCL) versus 1/68 in controls (p=0.041). In RM subgroup, anti-ANXA5 antibodies were positive in 2/25 versus 3/68 in controls, and in UFL subgroup, 3/34 versus 3/68 cases (p=1.000). CONCLUSION: According to our results, anti-ANXA5 antibodies should not be considered as a risk factor for RM/UFL.

Recurrent Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease during pregnancy: report of case evolving into systemic lupus erythematosus and review of published work.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a distinctive, benign type of necrotizing lymphadenitis. KFD is a rare entity, especially during pregnancy. Although first described in Japan, subsequently it has been reported in the West. We communicate herein a case of KFD in African women with bouts during pregnancy. Diagnosis was difficult because peripheral enlarged lymph nodes were absent and an extended differential diagnosis and adequate work-up was necessary. The patient suffered a miscarriage coinciding with a KFD bout. Further pregnancies were uneventful. Follow up showed that KFD evolved into a systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome.

Are anti-beta-glycoprotein-I antibodies markers for recurrent pregnancy loss in lupus anticoagulant/anticardiolipin seronegative women?

PROBLEM: Anti-beta(2)-Glicoprotein-1 antibodies (anti-beta(2)GPI-ab) have been related to recurrent miscarriage (RM) with conflicting results. The aim was to evaluate the role of anti-beta(2)-GPI-ab as unique biological marker in RM related to antiphospholipid (aPL). METHOD OF STUDY: A cohort study that included 59 cases, divided in two groups, was designed: group 1 comprised 43 pregnant women with 'obstetric' antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and group 2 included 16 cases with similar complaints but only having repeatedly anti-beta(2)-GPI-ab. Previous thrombosis and/or inherited thrombophilia were excluded. Lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies (aCA), anti-beta(2)-GPI-ab, and other autoantibodies were analyzed. Miscarriages, premature births, pre-eclampsia, live births, placental and systemic thromboses were studied. RESULTS: No differences in previous obstetric complications were detected (P = 1.00-0.164). After the treatment, differences in number of obstetric complications were not seen (P = 1.00). Live births were similar in two groups (88.4% and 93.7%; P = 1.00). Placental thrombosis was equal in both groups, 93.3% versus 80% (P = 1.00). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that anti-beta(2)-GPI-ab may be considered a biological marker for obstetric APS.