Erratum: Evolution of π

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.152301.

[Acupuncture and smoking cessation, a review of the literature]. / Acupuncture et arrêt de la consommation tabagique, une revue de la littérature.

INTRODUCTION: Tobacco smoking represents the main cause of death in industrialised countries. Acupuncture is proposed as an aid to stopping smoking. What are the current studies? BACKGROUND: We found 23 controlled randomised studies with differing protocols in terms of intensity of treatment and methodology. The meta-analyses undertaken were contradictory. The short-term effect of acupuncture is well documented but the medium term effect is more uncertain. OUTLOOK: The undertaking of well-standardised, high-intensity protocols is necessary to produce evidence of a medium term effect. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture can be offered to patients wishing to stop smoking within the framework of a global management programme. The association of acupuncture with classical aids increases the chances of the patient stopping. The conditions of intervention should be defined precisely within the framework of a randomised controlled trial.

Measurement of Long-Range Angular Correlation and Quadrupole Anisotropy of Pions and (Anti)Protons in Central d+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV.

We present azimuthal angular correlations between charged hadrons and energy deposited in calorimeter towers in central d+Au and minimum bias p+p collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The charged hadron is measured at midrapidity |η|<0.35, and the energy is measured at large rapidity (-3.7<η<-3.1, Au-going direction). An enhanced near-side angular correlation across |Δη|>2.75 is observed in d+Au collisions. Using the event plane method applied to the Au-going energy distribution, we extract the anisotropy strength v_{2} for inclusive charged hadrons at midrapidity up to p_{T}=4.5 GeV/c. We also present the measurement of v_{2} for identified π^{±} and (anti)protons in central d+Au collisions, and observe a mass-ordering pattern similar to that seen in heavy-ion collisions. These results are compared with viscous hydrodynamic calculations and measurements from p+Pb at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV. The magnitude of the mass ordering in d+Au is found to be smaller than that in p+Pb collisions, which may indicate smaller radial flow in lower energy d+Au collisions.

Cold-nuclear-matter effects on heavy-quark production at forward and backward rapidity in d + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV.

The PHENIX experiment has measured open heavy-flavor production via semileptonic decay over the transverse momentum range 1 < p(T) < 6 GeV/c at forward and backward rapidity (1.4 < |y| < 2.0) in d+Au and p + p collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. In central d+Au collisions, relative to the yield in p + p collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, a suppression is observed at forward rapidity (in the d-going direction) and an enhancement at backward rapidity (in the Au-going direction). Predictions using nuclear-modified-parton-distribution functions, even with additional nuclear-p(T) broadening, cannot simultaneously reproduce the data at both rapidity ranges, which implies that these models are incomplete and suggests the possible importance of final-state interactions in the asymmetric d + Au collision system. These results can be used to probe cold-nuclear-matter effects, which may significantly affect heavy-quark production, in addition to helping constrain the magnitude of charmonia-breakup effects in nuclear matter.

Evolution of π(0) suppression in Au+Au collisions from √(s(NN))=39 to 200 GeV.

Neutral-pion π(0) spectra were measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.35) in Au+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=39 and 62.4 GeV and compared with earlier measurements at 200 GeV in a transverse-momentum range of 1

Cross section and parity-violating spin asymmetries of W± boson production in polarized p + p collisions at sqrt[s] = 500 GeV.

Large parity-violating longitudinal single-spin asymmetries A(L)(e+) = -0.86(-0.14) (+0.30) and A(L)(e-) = 0.88(-0.71) (+0.12) are observed for inclusive high transverse momentum electrons and positrons in polarized p+p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s] = 500 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. These e± come mainly from the decay of W± and Z0 bosons, and their asymmetries directly demonstrate parity violation in the couplings of the W± to the light quarks. The observed electron and positron yields were used to estimate W± boson production cross sections for the e± channels of σ(pp → W+ X) × BR(W+ → e+ ν(e)) = 144.1 ± 21.2(stat)(-10.3) (+3.4) (syst) ± 21.6(norm) pb, and σ(pp → W- X) × BR(W- → e- ν[over ¯](e)) = 31.7 ± 12.1(stat)(-8.2) (+10.1) (syst) ± 4.8(norm) pb.

The importance of intraluminal anastomotic fecal contact and peritonitis in colonic anastomotic leakages. An experimental study.

An experimental, randomized, prospective study was performed in 64 dogs to evaluate the effect of fecal loading, solely, or in combination with induced peritonitis, on colonic anastomosis. The animals, none of which had bowel preparations, were randomized into four groups. Group I underwent sigmoid resection and standard open end-to-end anastomosis; Group II underwent sigmoid resection and an intracolonic bypass procedure; Group III underwent experimentally induced fecal peritonitis, sigmoid resection, and anastomosis; Group IV underwent induction of fecal peritonitis, sigmoid resection and an intracolonic bypass procedure. Using Fisher's exact test, results indicate a more statistically significant increased leak rate in Group III than in Group II (P = .04), and Group III than in Group IV (P = .03), but no statistically significant anastomotic leak rate between the peritonitis (III and IV) and the nonperitonitis (I and II) groups. A very significant statistical increase in leak rate (P = .002) was observed when comparing the 25 percent leak rate of Groups I and III (anastomosis subjected to fecal contact) with the 0 percent leak rate of Groups II and IV (anastomosis excluded from fecal contact) regardless of the peritonitis. This study suggests that the intraluminal contact of fecal loading at the colonic anastomosis is a more significant factor in anastomotic complications due to dehiscences than peritonitis per se. It follows, therefore, that if feces can be excluded from intraluminal contact with an anastomotic site, an anastomosis can be safely performed even in the presence of treated peritonitis.

Perineal transanal colonic resection: an experimental study.

Experimental data have led to the conclusion that a transanal partial or subtotal colonic resection can safely be performed in the dog without entering the peritoneal cavity. The techniques of intussusception of the colon at the anus and resection of the colon at the perineum with modified use of the EEATM stapler are presented.