Single-camera photogrammetry using a mobile phone for low-cost documentation of corpses.

Photogrammetry is a technique for studying and defining objects' shape, dimension, and position in a three-dimensional space using measurements obtained from two-dimensional photographs. It has gained popularity following the development of computer graphics technologies and has been applied to various branches of medicine. In this study, the authors present a method for low-cost photorealistic documentation of corpses during autopsy using single-camera photogrammetry with a mobile phone. Besides representing the body by demonstrating the injured and non-injured body parts as control, evidencing the body parts on a 3D reconstruction allows easy explanation to nonmedical experts such as lawyers.

Conhecimento de cirurgiões-dentistas e acadêmicos de Odontologia sobre publicidade e propaganda odontológica / Conocimiento de los cirujanos dentistas y estudiantes de odontología sobre publicidad y marketing dental / Dentists' and undergraduate dental students' knowledge of dental advertising and publicity campaigns

A publicidade e a propaganda em Odontologia são ferramentas importantes para o mercado de trabalho, tendo em vista a quantidade de profissionais existentes no setor e a disputa por espaço profissional. Porém, para uma publicidade ética e adequada, são de grande relevância o conhecimento e a aplicação dos princípios existentes no Código de Ética Odontológico (CEO) e nas resoluções atuais sobre o assunto. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a percepção e o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas e acadêmicos de Odontologia de Porto Velho, estado de Rondônia, sobre os aspectos éticos e legais relacionados com publicidade e propaganda em Odontologia, de acordo com as normas atuais. Para realização do estudo observacional descritivo, foi aplicado um questionário com 25 questões sobre o tema a cirurgiões-dentistas e acadêmicos de Odontologia matriculados no sétimo ou no oitavo período de instituições de ensino superior do munícipio de Porto Velho, Rondônia. A amostra foi constituída por 151 indivíduos, dos quais 69 eramcirurgiões-dentistas e 82 acadêmicos de Odontologia. O presente estudo permitiu identificar as principais dúvidas dos acadêmicos e dos profissionais de Odontologia que participaram da pesquisa, evidenciando a falta de esclarecimento sobre alguns pontos do tema, além de ressaltara importância do conhecimento das diretrizes éticas profissionais do CEO (AU).

La publicidad y lo marketing en Odontología son herramientas importantes para el mercado laboral, dado el número de profesionales del sector y la competencia por el espacio profesional. Sin embargo, para una publicidad ética y adecuada, es de gran importancia el conocimiento y aplicación de los principios existentes en el Código de Ética Dental (CEO) y las resoluciones vigentes en la materia. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la percepción y el conocimiento de los cirujanos dentistas y estudiantes de odontología de Porto Velho, estado de Rondônia, sobre los aspectos éticos y legales relacionados con la publicidad y el marketing en Odontología, de acuerdo con las normas vigentes. Para realizar el estudio observacional descriptivo, se aplicó un cuestionario con 25 preguntas sobre el tema a cirujanos dentistas y estudiantes de odontología matriculados en el séptimo u octavo período de instituciones de educación superior de la ciudad de PortoVelho, Rondônia. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 151 individuos, de los cuales 69 eran cirujanos dentistas y 82 estudiantes de odontología. El presente estudio permitió identificar las principales dudas de académicos y profesionales de la odontología que participaron de la investigación, destacando la falta de aclaración sobre algunos puntos sobre el tema, además de resaltar la importancia de conocer las pautas éticas profesionales del CEO (AU).

Advertising and publicity are important tools for the dental job market due to the number of professionals in the industry and the competition for professional space. Nevertheless, dentists must know and apply the principles outlined in the Brazilian Dental Code of Ethics (CEO) and current resolutions to ensure ethical and appropriate advertising. This study aimed to evaluate the perception and knowledge of dental surgeons and students in Porto Velho, state of Rondônia, Brazil, about the current standards of ethical and legal aspects related to advertising and publicity in dentistry. To carry out this descriptive observational study, a questionnaire with 25 questions was administered to dentists and dental students enrolled in the seventh or eighth semester of higher education institutions in Porto Velho. The sample consisted of 151 subjects, of which 69 were dentists and 82 were dental students. This study enabled us to identify the main questions of the dental students and professionals who participated in the survey, highlighting the lack of clarification on certain aspects of the subject and emphasizingthe importance of knowing the CEO professional ethical guidelines (AU).

Computerized delineation of the teeth and comparison with a smiling photograph: identification of a body skeletonized by cadaverous ichthyofauna action.

Amazonian's forensic experts usually experience considerable difficulties in the identification of drowned bodies rescued from the rivers of the Amazon basin, since they are frequently found skeletonized by the action of the cadaverous ichthyofauna. In these circumstances, especially when the soft tissues are completely absent, bones and teeth may represent the unique source of information for the identification of the body. This work reports a case of positive identification of a body skeletonized by scavenger ichthyofauna. The identification was performed by comparing computerized delineation of the dental characteristics of the cadaver with those observed in a smiling photograph of the victim. This report also highlights the ferocity of Cetopsis candiru (candiru cobra), Cetopsis coecutiens (candiru-açu) and Calophysus macropterus (piracatinga).

Craniofacial injuries by firearms projectiles: An analysis of 868 deaths in the five regions of Brazil.

Firearms injuries have a legal and medico-legal importance, and are especially lethal when they reach the craniofacial regions of the victim. The present study aims to identify the characteristics of craniofacial lesions resulting from firearm projectiles, to register the most affected craniofacial regions by this type of injury and to verify the demographic profile of the victims. A retrospective study was carried out on the autopsy records produced in the first semester of 2015, in five Institutes of Legal Medicine in Porto Velho, situated in the cities of João Pessoa, Vitória, Porto Alegre and Brasília. Data extracted included sex, skin color and age of the victim, craniofacial region reached, shooting distance, shape and size of the injuries and manner of death (homicide, suicide or accident). Based on the 868 reports analyzed, it was possible to observe 1700 entrance lesions of firearm projectiles in craniofacial regions. Among cases of known manner of death, homicides were the most frequent (97.0%). It was observed a higher frequency of male victims (93.3%), mixed race (62.0%), between the ages of 12 and 29 years (59.4%). In all cases considered as suicide or accident there was only one entrance wound, but in 82.8% of the homicides there were multiple gunshot wounds. The craniofacial most affected regions were temporal (25.2%) and occipital (19.8%). The most common sites of projectiles exit were the temporal (25.3%) and parietal (16.1%). All cases of suicide were related to contact shot (69.2%) or close-range shot (30.8%), and among the homicides the distant range shots were more frequent (54.0%). The shape of entrance wounds was mostly circular (56.8%) and oval (31.3%), and among the exit injuries, the lesions were irregular (43.3%) and starry (24.1%). The entrance wounds showed smaller sizes than the exit lesions (p < 0.0001). The data obtained are useful for guiding research that takes into account craniofacial trauma caused by firearm projectiles, makes it possible to compare this data with those of other countries and can base investigative conclusions based on the analyzes discussed in the present work.