RESUMEN
Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is generally reported in patients with severe immunosuppression, except for a few cases in individuals with moderate degree of immunodeficiency. It is a white lesion that appears mainly in the lateral border of the tongue, caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The nuclear changes caused by EBV (Cowdry A inclusion, ground glass and nuclear beading), observed in cytopathology, are specific and enough for the definitive diagnosis of OHL, independent of the identification of the virus. Here we investigated the prevalence of OHL and the presence of EBV-DNA in the lateral borders of the tongue from 90 pregnant women, 90 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, 30 healthy individuals (negative group) and 30 HIV+ with OHL (positive group). Smears were analyzed by cytopathology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A case of subclinical OHL and candidiasis was identificated in a DM patient by cytopathologic analysis. PCR results demonstrated EBV-DNA in 65% of the pregnant women, in 35% of DM patients, and in 20% of the healthy individuals. We concluded that DM patients can develop OHL with a low prevalence. Furthermore, the prevalence of the EBV in lateral border of the tongue is larger in pregnant women than in healthy individuals.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus/virología , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Leucoplasia Vellosa/epidemiología , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/epidemiología , Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/patología , Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/virología , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Candidiasis/epidemiología , Candidiasis/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , ADN Viral/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Leucoplasia Vellosa/patología , Leucoplasia Vellosa/virología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Embarazo , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/patología , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/virología , Prevalencia , Lengua/patología , Lengua/virologíaRESUMEN
Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is generally reported in patients with severe immunosuppression, except for a few cases in individuals with moderate degree of immunodeficiency. It is a white lesion that appears mainly in the lateral border of the tongue, caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The nuclear changes caused by EBV (Cowdry A inclusion, ground glass and nuclear beading), observed in cytopathology, are specific and enough for the definitive diagnosis of OHL, independent of the identification of the virus. Here we investigated the prevalence of OHL and the presence of EBV-DNA in the lateral borders of the tongue from 90 pregnant women, 90 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, 30 healthy individuals (negative group) and 30 HIV+ with OHL (positive group). Smears were analyzed by cytopathology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A case of subclinical OHL and candidiasis was identificated in a DM patient by cytopathologic analysis. PCR results demonstrated EBV-DNA in 65 percent of the pregnant women, in 35 percent of DM patients, and in 20 percent of the healthy individuals. We concluded that DM patients can develop OHL with a low prevalence. Furthermore, the prevalence of the EBV in lateral border of the tongue is larger in pregnant women than in healthy individuals.
