Palliative Care for SARS-CoV-2 Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Comprehensive Study.

OBJECTIVE: To comprehend the multiprofessional actions regarding palliative care for patients in the Intensive Care Unit affected by SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: A comprehensive qualitative study conducted with 31 professionals from the Intensive Care Units of a university hospital, based on the Theory of Peaceful End of Life. RESULTS: The analysis of the discourse led to the identification of two categories: "Multidisciplinary actions to promote comfort at the end of life" and "Palliative care during the pandemic period and the promotion of emotional and spiritual comfort." FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It became evident that local administration needs to invest in measures that reduce barriers to the implementation of palliative care during times of crisis. Understanding the discourse highlighted that non-specialized professionals can provide basic palliative care appropriately, without diminishing the importance and necessity of the presence of palliative care specialists in various hospital areas.

Evidence of validity of the Risk Self-Medication Questionnaire focused on Health Literacy.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the validity evidence of the internal structure of the Risk Self-Medication Questionnaire Focused on Health Literacy. METHODS: a psychometric study with 499 adults. The internal structure was assessed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to prove the adjustment. Internal consistency was measured by composite reliability and McDonald's omega coefficient (ω). RESULTS: the parameters revealed a model of 35 items distributed across four factors, explaining 56% of the total variance, with factor loadings ranging from 0.31 to 0.85 and adequate communalities. Accuracy (0.79

Clinical decision support systems for diabetic foot ulcers: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: Map the scientific evidence on the use of clinical decision support systems in diabetic foot care. METHOD: A scoping review based on the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and registered on the Open Science Framework platform. Searches were carried out in primary and secondary sources on prototypes and computerized tools aimed at assisting patients with diabetic foot or at risk of having it, published in any language or period, in eleven databases and grey literature. RESULTS: A total of 710 studies were identified and, following the eligibility criteria, 23 were selected, which portrayed the use of decision support systems in diabetic foot screening, predicting the risk of ulcers and amputations, classifying the stage of severity, deciding on the treatment plan, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, by processing data relating to clinical and sociodemographic information. CONCLUSION: Expert systems stand out for their satisfactory results, with high precision and sensitivity when it comes to guiding and qualifying the decision-making process in diabetic foot prevention and care.

Vulnerabilidade em saúde: evidências de validade de um banco de itens / Vulnerabilidad en salud: evidencias de validez de un banco de ítems / Health vulnerability: evidence of validity of an item bank

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as evidências de validade de conteúdo e processo de resposta de um banco de itens sobre vulnerabilidade em saúde. Métodos Estudo psicométrico, subsidiado pelo polo teórico de Pasquali. Foram selecionados 62 especialistas com características sociodemográficas e acadêmicas distintas. Desses, 15 responderam ao questionário de validade de conteúdo. Após os ajustes, o banco passou para fase de validade de processo de resposta e foi avaliado por 12 usuários dos serviços de saúde. Utilizou-se coeficiente de validade de conteúdo para avaliação dos itens e do banco, cuja confiabilidade foi verificada pelo teste binomial, considerando percentual de 80% e p-valor >0,05. Resultados O banco apresentou boa evidência de validade de conteúdo pelos especialistas, cujos coeficientes foram 0,87 para o elemento sujeito, 0,86 para o elemento social e 0,865 para o geral. O público-alvo realizou sugestões na fase de validade de processo de resposta para melhor compreensão dos itens (coeficiente total: 0,89), sendo considerado, claro, preciso e compreensível. Conclusão A versão final do banco de itens possui 535 itens, sendo 238 para o sujeito e 297 para o social. Apresenta indícios de evidência de validade de conteúdo e processo de resposta e está apto para testagem de validade de estrutura interna.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar las evidencias de validez de contenido y proceso de respuesta de un banco de ítems sobre vulnerabilidad en salud. Métodos Estudio psicométrico, fundamentado por el polo teórico de Pasquali. Se seleccionaron 62 especialistas con características sociodemográficas y académicas diferentes. Entre ellos, 15 respondieron al cuestionario de validez de contenido. Después de las adaptaciones, el banco pasó a la fase de validez del proceso de respuesta y fue evaluado por 12 usuarios de los servicios de salud. Se utilizó el coeficiente de validez de contenido para evaluar los ítems y el banco, cuya fiabilidad ser verificó mediante la prueba binominal, que consideró un porcentaje de 80 y p-valor >0,05. Resultados El banco presentó buena evidencia de validez de contenido por los especialistas, cuyos coeficientes fueron 0,87 en el elemento sujeto, 0,86 en el elemento social y 0,865 en el general. El público destinatario realizó sugerencias en la fase de validez del proceso de respuesta para una mejor comprensión de los ítems (coeficiente total: 0,89) y fue considerado claro, preciso y comprensible. Conclusión La versión final del banco de ítems contiene 535 ítems, de los cuales 238 son para el sujeto y 297 para el social. Presenta indicios de evidencia de validez de contenido y proceso de respuesta y está apto para una prueba de validez de estructura interna.

Abstract Objective To analyze the evidence of content validity and response process of a health vulnerability item bank. Methods Psychometric study with support of Pasquali's theoretical pole in which 62 specialists with different sociodemographic and academic characteristics were selected and 15 of them responded to the content validity questionnaire. After adjustments, the bank moved to the response process validity phase and was evaluated by 12 health service users. A content validity coefficient was used to evaluate the items and the bank, which had the reliability assessed by the binomial test, considering a percentage of 80% and p-value >0.05. Results The bank presented good evidence of content validity by experts. The coefficients were 0.87 for the subject element, 0.86 for the social element and 0.865 for the general element. The target audience made suggestions in the response process validity phase to better understand the items (total coefficient: 0.89), which were considered clear, accurate and understandable. Conclusion The final version of the item bank has 535 items, 238 for the subject and 297 for the social element. It presents evidence of validity of content and response process and is suitable for testing the validity of internal structure.

Construction and validity of an item bank on risk self-medication / Construcción y validez de un banco de ítems sobre riesgo de automedicación / Construção e validação de um banco de itens sobre automedicação de risco

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct an item bank to measure risk self-medication and assess its content validity. Method: this is a methodological study carried out from May to October 2022, with two phases: 1) item bank elaboration in the light of medication literacy and Theory of Planned Behavior based on a scoping review; and 2) content validity by twenty-two health experts. The Content Validity Index, Content Validity Ratio, binomial exact test for small samples and intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated. Results: Risk Self-Medication construct item elaboration was based on a broad review of solidified national and international publications in the health area. The definitions were approved by judges, with their respective domains. In the first version, the bank contained 136 items. Two rounds of analysis were carried out with judges, which resulted in the removal of 87 items. The final version presented 49 items, distributed across three domains: Medication literacy; Behavioral intention; and Behavior. The total Content Validity Index was 0.89, with excellent reliability (0.964). There was significant disagreement in the attribution of scores among judges (p>0.05) in some items. Conclusion: the item bank has satisfactory content. It is recommended to undergo semantic analysis and subsequent structure validity.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir un banco de ítems para medir el riesgo de automedicación y evaluar su validez de contenido. Método: estudio metodológico realizado de mayo a octubre de 2022, con dos fases: 1) elaboración del banco de ítems a la luz de la alfabetización en medicamentos y la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado a partir de una revisión del alcance; y 2) validez de contenido por veintidós expertos en salud. Se calcularon el Índice de Validez de Contenido, el Content Validity Ratio, la prueba exacta binomial para muestras pequeñas y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase. Resultados: la elaboración de los ítems del constructo Automedicación de Riesgo se basó en una amplia revisión de publicaciones nacionales e internacionales solidificadas en el área de la salud. Las definiciones fueron aprobadas por los jueces, con sus respectivos dominios. En la primera versión, el banco contenía 136 artículos. Se realizaron dos rondas de análisis con jueces, que resultaron en la eliminación de 87 ítems. La versión final presentó 49 ítems, distribuidos en tres dominios: alfabetización en medicina; Intención del comportamiento; y Comportamiento. El Índice de Validez de Contenido total fue de 0,89, con excelente confiabilidad (0,964). Hubo desacuerdo significativo en la atribución de puntuaciones entre los jueces (p>0,05) en algunos ítems. Conclusión: el banco de artículos tiene un contenido satisfactorio. Se recomienda someterse a un análisis semántico y posterior validez de la estructura interna.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir um banco de itens para mensuração da automedicação de risco e realizar sua validação de conteúdo. Método: estudo metodológico realizado no período de maio a outubro 2022, com duas fases: 1) elaboração do banco de itens, à luz do letramento em medicamentos e Teoria do Comportamento Planejado, a partir de revisão de escopo e 2) validação de conteúdo, por vinte e dois especialistas da saúde. Calculou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, Content Validity Ratio, teste exato binomial para amostras pequenas e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. Resultados: a elaboração dos itens do constructo Automedicação de Risco foi fundamentada na ampla revisão de publicações nacionais e internacionais solidificadas na área da saúde. As definições foram aprovadas pelos juízes, com seus respectivos domínios. Na primeira versão, o banco continha 136 itens; foram realizadas duas rodadas de análises com juízes, que resultaram na remoção de 87 itens. A versão final apresentou 49 itens, distribuídos em três domínios: Letramento em medicamentos, Intenção do comportamento e Comportamento. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo total foi de 0,89, com confiabilidade excelente (0,964). Houve discordância significativa na atribuição da pontuação entre os juízes (p>0,05) em alguns itens. Conclusão: o banco de itens apresenta conteúdo satisfatório. Recomenda-se passar por análise semântica e posterior validação da estrutura interna.

Relación entre indicadores de desarrollo social y mortalidad por Diabetes Mellitus en Brasil: análisis espacial y temporal / Relationship between social development indicators and mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil: a space-time analysis / Relação indicadores de desenvolvimento social e mortalidade por diabetes mellitus no Brasil: análise espacial e temporal

Objetivo: identificar el patrón espacial y temporal de la mortalidad por Diabetes Mellitus en Brasil y su relación con los indicadores de desarrollo social. Método: estudio ecológico y de series temporales, a nivel nacional, con base en datos secundarios del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud, con análisis espacial y temporal e inserción de indicadores en modelos de regresión no espacial y espacial. Se realizaron: cálculo de la tasa de mortalidad general; caracterización del perfil sociodemográfico y regional de las muertes mediante análisis descriptivo y temporal; y elaboración de mapas temáticos. Resultados: en Brasil se registraron 601.521 muertes relacionadas con la Diabetes Mellitus, lo que representa una mortalidad media de 29,5/100.000 habitantes. Los estados de Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas y Sergipe, Río de Janeiro, Paraná y Rio Grande do Sul presentaron conglomerados alto-alto. Mediante el uso de modelos de regresión, se comprobó que el índice de Gini (β=11,7) y la cobertura de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (β=3,9) fueron los indicadores que más influyeron en la mortalidad por Diabetes Mellitus en Brasil. Conclusión: la mortalidad por diabetes en Brasil tiene una tendencia general alcista, está fuertemente asociada a los lugares con peores indicadores sociales.

Objective: to identify the space-time pattern of mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil, as well as its relationship with social development indicators. Method: an ecological and time series nationwide study based on secondary data from the Unified Health System Informatics Department, with space-time analysis and inclusion of indicators in non-spatial and spatial regression models. The following was performed: overall mortality rate calculation; characterization of the sociodemographic and regional profiles of the death cases by means of descriptive and time analysis; and elaboration of thematic maps. Results: a total of 601,521 deaths related to Diabetes Mellitus were recorded in Brazil, representing a mean mortality rate of 29.5/100,000 inhabitants. The states of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul presented high-high clusters. By using regression models, it was verified that the Gini index (β=11.7) and the Family Health Strategy coverage (β=3.9) were the indicators that most influenced mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil. Conclusion: in Brazil, mortality due to Diabetes presents an overall increasing trend, revealing itself as strongly associated with places that have worse social indicators.

Objetivo: identificar o padrão espacial e temporal da mortalidade por diabetes mellitus, no Brasil, e sua relação com indicadores de desenvolvimento social. Método: estudo ecológico e de séries temporais, de abrangência nacional, com base em dados secundários do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, com análise espacial e temporal e inserção de indicadores em modelos de regressão não espacial e espacial. Realizaram-se: cálculo da taxa de mortalidade geral; caracterização do perfil sociodemográfico e regional dos óbitos mediante análise descritiva e temporal; e construção de mapas temáticos. Resultados: foram registrados 601.521 óbitos relacionados ao diabetes mellitus no Brasil, representando mortalidade média de 29,5/100.000 habitantes. Os estados do Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas e Sergipe, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul apresentaram aglomerados alto-alto. Por meio do uso de modelos de regressão, verificou-se que o índice Gini (β=11,7) e a cobertura da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (β=3,9) foram os indicadores que mais influenciaram a mortalidade por diabetes mellitus no Brasil. Conclusão: a mortalidade por diabetes, no Brasil, exibe tendência geral ascendente, revelando-se fortemente associada a locais com piores indicadores sociais.

Protocolo de revisão de escopo: aperfeiçoamento do guia PRISMA-ScR / Scoping protocol review: PRISMA-ScR guide refinement

Objetivo: Clarificar informações sobre o checklist PRISMA-ScRe orientar, de forma detalhada, os itens para aperfeiçoamento do protocolo de revisão de escopo. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica da literatura, com análise de estudos relacionados ao tema, via portal PubMed e sitedo Instituto Joanna Briggs, em agosto de 2022. Realizou-se a síntese dos achados e recomendações para refinamento da descrição do método. Resultados: O material analisado possibilitou a elaboração de recomendações para aprimoramento do protocolo em sete itens do PRISMA-ScR: Título, Resumo, Objetivos, Pesquisa, Seleção das fontes de evidência, Síntese dos resultados e Resultados esperados. Conclusão: Ao destacar e clarificar as fases da construção do protocolo da revisão de escopo, baseado no PRISMA ScR, obteve-se a construção de um modelo transparente e reproduzível. Descritores: Revisão; Métodos; Revisão da pesquisa por pares

Objective: To clarify information about the PRISMA-ScR checklist and provide detailed guidance on items for improvement of the scoping review protocol.Methods: Literature review, with analysis of studies related to the topic, via the PubMed portal and the Joanna Briggs Institute website, in August 2022. A synthesis of the findings and recommendations for refinement of the method description were performed.Results: The analyzed material enabled the elaboration of recommendations for improvement of the protocol in seven items of PRISMA-ScR: Title, Summary, Objectives, Research, Selection of sources of evidence, Summary of results, and Expected results.Conclusion: By highlighting and clarifying the phases of the construction of the scoping review protocol, based on PRISMA ScR, we obtained the construction of a transparent and reproducible model. Descriptors: Review; Methods; Peer review, research

Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e motivação para estilo de vida saudável em mulheres adultas / Noncommunicable chronic diseases and motivation for a healthy lifestyle in adult women

Analisar a associação entre a presença de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) e a Motivação para o Estilo de Vida Saudável (MEVS) em mulheres adultas. Estudo transversal e analítico realizado em 12 Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde, com 691 mulheres adultas. Utilizaram-se um questionário para a caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica da amostra e Questionário sobre a Motivação para a Prática de Estilo de Vida Saudável (QMEVS). Maior porcentagem de hipertensão arterial dentre as DCNT estudadas (12,9%); não houve associação entre a motivação e presença de DCNT (p = 0,270); DCNT associaram-se significativamente à motivação extrínseca e intrínseca (p = 0,008; p = 0,020). Mulheres com DCNT têm mais chances de motivação extrínseca e menos chances de motivação intrínseca (1,98 e 0,5 vezes, respectivamente). Não houve associação entre amotivação e DCNT. Mulheres com DCNT têm mais chances de desenvolverem motivação extrínseca e menos chances de motivação intrínseca.

To analyze the association between the presence of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (CNCDs) and the motivation for a Healthy Lifestyle (HL) in adult women. Cross-sectional and analytical study carried out in 12 Primary Health Care Units, with 691 adult women. A Questionnaire for the sociodemographic and clinical characterization of the sample and a Questionnaire on the Motivation for the Practice of a Healthy Lifestyle (QMEVS) were used. There was a higher percentage of arterial hypertension among the CNCDs studied (12.9%); there was no association between a motivation and the presence of CNCDs (p = 0.270); CNCDs were significantly associated with extrinsic and intrinsic motivation (p = 0.008; p = 0.020). Women with CNCDs are more likely to have extrinsic motivation and less chance of intrinsic motivation (1.98 and 0.5 times, respectively). There was no association between a motivation and CNCDs. Women with CNCDs are more likely to develop extrinsic motivation and less chance of intrinsic motivation.

Relationship between social development indicators and mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil: a space-time analysis. / Relación entre indicadores de desarrollo social y mortalidad por Diabetes Mellitus en Brasil: análisis espacial y temporal.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the space-time pattern of mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil, as well as its relationship with social development indicators. METHOD: an ecological and time series nationwide study based on secondary data from the Unified Health System Informatics Department, with space-time analysis and inclusion of indicators in non-spatial and spatial regression models. The following was performed: overall mortality rate calculation; characterization of the sociodemographic and regional profiles of the death cases by means of descriptive and time analysis; and elaboration of thematic maps. RESULTS: a total of 601,521 deaths related to Diabetes Mellitus were recorded in Brazil, representing a mean mortality rate of 29.5/100,000 inhabitants. The states of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul presented high-high clusters. By using regression models, it was verified that the Gini index (ß=11.7) and the Family Health Strategy coverage (ß=3.9) were the indicators that most influenced mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil. CONCLUSION: in Brazil, mortality due to Diabetes presents an overall increasing trend, revealing itself as strongly associated with places that have worse social indicators. HIGHLIGHTS: (1) The time-space pattern of mortality due to Diabetes presents an increasing trend. (2) The Northeast and South regions present high rates of mortality due to Diabetes. (3) Mortality due to Diabetes is associated with worse sociodemographic indicators. (4) A relationship is observed between income, access to health and mortality due to Diabetes.

Mobile Application for Adhering to Diabetic Foot Self-care: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of a mobile application for adherence to foot self-care in people with type 2 diabetes at risk for diabetic foot ulcer. A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with people with type 2 diabetes in a secondary healthcare unit. A total of 42 patients were recruited, matched, and allocated into two groups: one (intervention group) undergoing standard nursing consultations and application use and the other (control group) receiving only standard nursing consultations. The outcome variable was the adherence to foot self-care, measured by completing questionnaires on diabetes self-care activities and adherence to foot self-care. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated, in addition to bivariate associations, considering a significance level of P ≤ .05. The intragroup and intergroup analyses regarding diabetes self-care did not show statistical significance; however, the intervention group showed a considerable increase in the frequency of daily assessments ( P = .048) and adherence to foot self-care ( P = .046). The use of the app, combined with the nursing consultation, increased adherence to foot self-care of people with type 2 diabetes. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: U1111-1202-6318.

Vulnerability to physical inactivity: evidence of content validity and response processes.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze content validity evidence and response processes of a bank of items for measuring vulnerability to physical inactivity in adults. METHOD: Methodological study, with 13 specialists and 46 representatives of the target population. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and binomial test were calculated; data obtained through validity based on response processes were collected through interviews. RESULTS: Of the 105 constructed items, 16 were excluded (CVI<0.78); 89 items showed agreement <80% in the psychometric criteria, being modified. Of the 101 items that remained (CVI>0.78), 34 were changed and 4 were deleted after evaluating the evidence of response processes. In the end, 97 items remained, with a global CVI of 0.92, organized into two dimensions: Subject (CVI=0.91) and Social (CVI=0.94). CONCLUSION: The items presented adequate parameters and evidence of validity; and can subsidize the construction of instruments that consider the subject's and social vulnerability in understanding physical inactivity.

Clinical decision support systems for diabetic foot ulcers: a scoping review / Sistemas de apoyo a decisiones clínicas para las úlceras del pie diabético: una revisión de alcance / Sistemas de apoio à decisão clínica em úlceras de pé diabético: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objective: Map the scientific evidence on the use of clinical decision support systems in diabetic foot care. Method: A scoping review based on the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and registered on the Open Science Framework platform. Searches were carried out in primary and secondary sources on prototypes and computerized tools aimed at assisting patients with diabetic foot or at risk of having it, published in any language or period, in eleven databases and grey literature. Results: A total of 710 studies were identified and, following the eligibility criteria, 23 were selected, which portrayed the use of decision support systems in diabetic foot screening, predicting the risk of ulcers and amputations, classifying the stage of severity, deciding on the treatment plan, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, by processing data relating to clinical and sociodemographic information. Conclusion: Expert systems stand out for their satisfactory results, with high precision and sensitivity when it comes to guiding and qualifying the decision-making process in diabetic foot prevention and care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Mapeo de la evidencia científica sobre el uso de sistemas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones clínicas en el cuidado del pie diabético. Método: Revisión de alcance basada en el Manual de Síntesis de la Evidencia del JBI y registrada en la plataforma Open Science Framework. Se realizaron búsquedas en fuentes primarias y secundarias sobre prototipos y herramientas informatizadas dirigidas a la asistencia de pacientes con pie diabético o en riesgo de padecerlo, publicadas en cualquier idioma o periodo, en once bases de datos y literatura gris. Resultados: Se identificaron 710 estudios y, tras cumplir los criterios de elegibilidad, se seleccionaron 23, que retrataban el uso de sistemas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones en el diagnóstico del pie diabético, la predicción del riesgo de úlceras y amputaciones, la clasificación del estadio de gravedad, la decisión sobre el plan de tratamiento y la evaluación de la eficacia de las intervenciones, mediante el procesamiento de datos relativos a la información clínica y sociodemográfica. Conclusión: Los sistemas expertos destacan por sus resultados satisfactorios, con gran precisión y sensibilidad a la hora de orientar y cualificar el proceso de toma de decisiones en la prevención y el cuidado del pie diabético.

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear as evidências científicas sobre uso de Sistemas de Apoio à Decisão Clínica no pé diabético. Método: Revisão de escopo fundamentada no JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis e registrada na plataforma Open Science Framework. Realizaram-se buscas, em fontes primárias e secundárias, sobre protótipos e ferramentas informatizadas direcionadas à assistência ao paciente com pé diabético ou em risco de tê-lo, publicados em qualquer idioma ou período, em onze bases de dados e literatura cinza. Resultados: Foram identificados 710 estudos e, após critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados 23 que retratam o uso de sistemas de apoio à decisão no rastreio do pé diabético, predição do risco de úlceras e amputações, classificação do estágio de gravidade, decisão quanto ao plano de tratamento e avaliação da efetividade das intervenções, por meio do processamento de dados referentes a informações clínicas e sociodemográficas. Conclusão: Os sistemas especialistas destacam-se por resultados satisfatórios, com alta precisão e sensibilidade no que tange à orientação e qualificação do processo de tomada de decisão na prevenção e no cuidado ao pé diabético.

Structure internal of the dimension Human Person of the Questionnaire of Health Vulnerability in Heart Failure.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the evidence of validity of the internal structure of the dimension Human Person of the Questionnaire of Health Vulnerability in Heart Failure. METHOD: psychometric study with 1,008 people with heart failure, in a tertiary healthcare institution located in Northeastern Brazil. The internal structure was assessed by exploratory factor analysis with a polychoric correlation matrix, followed by confirmatory factor analysis to verify the quality of the model fit. Internal consistency was measured by composite reliability (CR) and McDonald's omega (ω). RESULTS: psychometric parameters revealed 22-item model, distributed in five factors, total explained variance of 64.9%, factor loadings (0.38 to 0.97) and adequate communalities (0.20 ≤ h2 ≤ 0.98) and acceptable indicators of precision (0.79 ≤ ORION ≤ 0.98), representativeness (0.89 ≤ FDI ≤ 0.99), sensitivity (1.92 ≤ SR ≤ 7.07), factor expectancy (88.3% ≤ EPTD ≤ 97.9%), replicability (0.82 ≤ H-latent ≤ 0.97; 0.81 ≤ H-observed ≤ 0.87) and reliability (CR = 0.92 and ω = 0.83). Adequate adjustment quality was achieved (TLI = 0.99; CFI = 0.99; GFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.04 and RMSR = 0.04). CONCLUSION: We obtained an instrument with good evidence of internal structure validity for construct measurement.

Serial album on Continuous Insulin Infusion System as an innovative educational technology in diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: to build and validate a serial album content and appearance on insulin therapy using a Continuous Infusion System. METHOD: a methodological study, carried out in three stages in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from August to November 2018. The serial album construction and content and appearance validity were carried out by experts, and assessment, by the target audience. Content Validity Index and Concordance Index were calculated. RESULTS: the judges considered the serial album content and appearance to be valid, which means that the material is suitable as an educational technology. Experts suggested adjustments, incorporated into the material for print production of the final version. The target audience also assessed the serial album positively. CONCLUSION: we realized that the serial album was considered an innovative educational technology in diabetes, valuable for promoting knowledge about Continuous Insulin Infusion System, with rich, updated content, combined with clarity, suitable format and explanatory illustrations.

Diabetes as a factor associated with hospital deaths due to COVID-19 in Brazil, 2020. / Diabetes como um fator associado ao óbito hospitalar por COVID-19 no Brasil, 2020.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between diabetes mellitus and hospital deaths due to Covid-19 in Brazil, from February to August 2020. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study on hospitalized flu-like syndrome cases, with a positive test result for COVID-19, reported on the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate the magnitude of the association between diabetes and deaths. RESULTS: Data from 397,600 hospitalized cases were analyzed, of which 32.0% (n = 127,231) died. The prevalence of death among people with diabetes was 40.8% (PR = 1.41; 95%CI 1.39;1.42). After adjustments for the variables sociodemographic and comorbidities, it could be seen that those with diabetes (95%CI 1.14;1.16) were 1.15 time more likely to die. CONCLUSION: 3 out of every 20 deaths due to COVID-19 occurred among individuals with diabetes mellitus, highlighting this population susceptibility and the need to control this chronic disease.

Effect of an app on students' knowledge about diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. / Efeito de um aplicativo no conhecimento de estudantes sobre diabetes durante a pandemia da COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the effect of an app on Nursing students' knowledge about diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as their self-assessment and satisfaction level. METHOD: a quasi-experimental study carried out with 40 Nursing students from the Brazilian Northeast region. The E-MunDiabetes® app was used to assess the participants' knowledge at the pre-test, immediate post-test and after 15 days, as well as their self-assessment and satisfaction level in relation to using the app. The analysis was performed by means of descriptive and inferential statistics (binomial test, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and Wilcoxon's test). RESULTS: the comparison of the medians of correct answers in the three periods revealed a significant increase in the post-test. The self-assessment and satisfaction items presented an Agreement Index > 80%, with a total Agreement Index of 96.3% and an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.91. CONCLUSION: the app was considered satisfactory and promoted a significant increase in the students' knowledge, therefore being suitable for its intended use.

Requirements for building educational and care technology on heart failure.

OBJECTIVES: to investigate the requirements for building an educational and care application about heart failure. METHODS: exploratory study, carried out with 15 people with heart failure and 19 family members/caregivers, assisted in a tertiary unit in the Brazilian Northeast. Individual semi-structured interviews were carried out between November and December 2020. Hannah Arendt's theoretical framework was adopted. RESULTS: two units of meaning emerged: "The plurality of care in heart failure" and "Expectations on the construction and use of educational and care technology for heart failure". The requirements involved the need to know the disease and its nuances, as well as the health network, through an application that can minimize individual and social precariousness; and highlighted the importance of the participation of the multidisciplinary team in the development and dissemination of the application. CONCLUSIONS: requirements on educational and care technology were identified and will support the creation of an application that promotes care, aiming to obtain positive health outcomes.

E-MunDiabetes: A Mobile Application for Nursing Students on Diabetes Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused tremendous disruption of health systems worldwide. Patients with diabetes are at a high risk of COVID-19 exposure because face-to-face consultations have been standard for diabetes management. This study describes the development and validation of a mobile application for nursing students on diabetes education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The application was developed by a certified diabetes educator nurse and by a freelance programmer and, in the next step, validated in terms of content and appearance by a group of expert nurses on diabetes (n = 29), nursing students (n = 40), and information technology experts (n = 11). Validity indexes of 0.99 for content and 0.92 for appearance were obtained, and usability values of 78.9 (±15.3) and 78.2 (±10.8) were obtained from nursing and information technology experts, respectively. The self-assessment and satisfaction items evaluated by nursing students had a total agreement of 96.3% and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.91. Both the content and the appearance of the application were considered adequate, and the usability scores indicate that the application is useful and easy to use.

Vulnerabilidade programática na saúde: análise do conceito / Vulnerabilidad programática en la salud: análisis del concepto / Programmatic vulnerability in health: concept analysis

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar, conceitualmente, a vulnerabilidade programática com identificação de seus antecedentes, atributos e consequentes. Método: modelo de análise conceitual segundo metodologia de Walker e Avant. Foram etapas, I. seleção do conceito: vulnerabilidade programática; II. determinação dos objetivos: análise do uso do conceito; III. identificação de usos do conceito: estudo de revisão integrativa (buscou-se a expressão não controlada "programmatic vulnerabilty" nas bases de dados embase, web of science e Medline via pubmed e nos repositórios de artigos Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Scielo); IV. determinação dos atributos: análise dos registros da etapa III; V. identificação do caso modelo e casos adicionais: construção com base nos atributos e um caso contrário; VI. identificação de antecedentes e consequentes: painel de dados para elaboração de fenômenos antes e depois da vulnerabilidade programática; VII. referência empíricas: definições operacionais extraídas dos registros. Resultados: 20 registros foram incluídos na análise do conceito. Identificaram-se as variações do termo e os significados mais presentes e caracterizadores da vulnerabilidade programática, sendo a dimensão programática e acesso à saúde as mais frequentes. Foi construído o caso modelo. Os antecedentes, atributos e consequentes foram agrupados em quadro por similitude, no qual referências empíricas do conceito foram indicadas. Conclusão: a vulnerabilidade programática tem elementos discursivos importantes, sendo sua principal característica a falta de consultas disponibilizadas (antecedente), insuficiência/dificuldade no acesso à saúde (atributo) e evolução da doença (consequente).

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar conceptualmente la vulnerabilidad programática con la identificación de sus antecedentes, atributos y consecuencias. Método: modelo de análisis conceptual según la metodología de Walker y Avant. Los pasos fueron: I. selección del concepto: vulnerabilidad programática; II. determinación de los objetivos: analizar el uso del concepto; III. identificación de los usos del concepto: se utilizó un estudio de revisión integrador (se buscó la expresión no controlada " programmatic vulnerabilty " en las bases de datos embase, Web of Science y Medline a través de pubmed y en los repositorios de artículos Virtual Health Library y Scielo); IV. determinación de los atributos: análisis de los registros del paso III; V. identificación del caso modelo y de los casos adicionales: se construyó a partir de los atributos y de un caso contrario; VI. identificación de los antecedentes y las consecuencias: panel de datos para la elaboración de los fenómenos antes y después de la vulnerabilidad programática; VII. referencia empírica: definiciones operativas extraídas de los registros. Resultados: se incluyeron veinte registros en el análisis conceptual. Se identificaron las variaciones del término y los significados más presentes y característicos de la vulnerabilidad programática, siendo la dimensión programática y el acceso a la salud los más frecuentes. Se construyó el caso modelo. Los antecedentes, atributos y consecuencias se agruparon en una tabla por similitud, en la que se indicaron las referencias empíricas del concepto. Conclusión: la vulnerabilidad programática tiene importantes elementos discursivos, siendo su principal característica la falta de consultas disponibles (antecedente), la insuficiencia/dificultad en el acceso a la salud (atributo) y la evolución de la enfermedad (consecuente).

ABSTRACT Objective: to conceptually analyze programmatic vulnerability with the identification of its antecedents, attributes, and consequences. Method: conceptual analysis model according to the Walker and Avant methodology. There were steps, I. selection of the concept: programmatic vulnerability; II. determination of objectives: analysis of the use of the concept; III. identification of uses of the concept: integrative review study (the uncontrolled expression "programmatic vulnerabilty" was searched in the Embase, Web of Science and Medline databases via Pubmed and in the article repositories Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and Scielo); IV. determination of attributes: analysis of records from stage III; V. identification of the model case and additional cases: construction based on attributes and an otherwise; VI. identification of antecedents and consequences: panel of data for elaboration of phenomena before and after programmatic vulnerability; VII. empirical reference: operational definitions extracted from the records. Results: 20 records were included in the concept analysis. Variations of the term and the most common meanings that characterize programmatic vulnerability were identified, with the programmatic dimension and access to health being the most frequent. The model case was built. The antecedents, attributes and consequences were grouped in a table by similarity, in which empirical references of the concept were indicated. Conclusion: programmatic vulnerability has important discursive elements, its main characteristic being the lack of available consultations (antecedent), insufficiency/difficulty in accessing health (attribute) and disease evolution (consequent).

Art in evidence-based nursing practice from the perspective of Florence Nightingale.

OBJECTIVES: to discuss, in the light of Florence Nightingale, the historical position of art as a constituent device of evidence-based nursing practice. METHODS: reflective study anchored in the writings of Nightingale and other researchers with whom it is possible to have a profound dialogue on the theme "art in nursing". RESULTS: art is related to two essential elements in the practice of nursing: knowledge and skill. Understanding science as knowledge and art as skill leads to the idea that both make it possible to combine technical competence, compassion, ethics, and individualization of care. Final Considerations: the art of nursing is the continuous exercise of detailed perception, so that the subjective aspect becomes the center to which the nurse's gaze converges, that which will allow them to unveil the "truth" posed by the patient, resulting in the best intervention for him.