[Structural and functional disorders of erythrocyte membranes in simulated extravehicle space work]. / Strukturno-funktsionalnye narusheniia membran éritrotsitov pri modelirovanii vnekorabelnoi deiatelnosti cheloveka.

The experimental data on a structural-and-functional status of erythrocyte membranes in ground-based simulation of human extravehicular activity (EVA) are discussed. The changes in the structure and function of erythrocyte membrane were determined from the fixation of lipophilic ions, specific activity of ion-transporting adenosine triphosphatases and content of the products of peroxide oxidation of lipids (POL) in plasma. On exposure to hypobaric hyperoxia during real EVA the membrane status changes are associated with the activation of a cascade of POL processes.

[Energy reactions in the skeletal muscles of rats after short-term space flight on Kosmos-1514]. / Energeticheskie reaktsii v skeletnykh myshtsakh krys posle kratkovremennogo kosmicheskogo poleta na biosputnike "Kosmos-1514".

Ten hours after the 5-day space flight on Cosmos-1514 rats were examined for oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria isolated from the posterior femoral muscles as well as for Krebs cycle enzymes and glycolysis in the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fractions of the muscles. The mitochondrial respiration rate in various metabolic states was similar in flight rats and vivarium controls. After flight calculated parameters of energy efficacy of respiration as well as activity of malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and total lactate dehydrogenase remained unchanged. Unlike the flight rats, the synchronous controls showed signs of the stress-reaction: uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and oxalacetate inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase. Comparison of these findings with those from prolonged space flights indicates that inhibition of oxidative metabolism and glycolysis in mixed muscles which was demonstrated in the 20-day space flight does not develop immediately after launch but occurs within the time interval between mission days 6 and 18.

[Comparative evaluation of pressure chamber training and high altitude adaptation to hypoxia in humans]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka barokamernoi trenirovki i vysokogornoi adaptatsii cheloveka k gipoksii.

It was demonstrated that a 3-day pressure chamber training may increase the maximum tolerable "altitude" at rest from 8,600-8,900 m (depending on the onset rate of hypoxia) to 9,600 m. After pressure chamber training the maximum tolerable "altitude" increased from 8,200 m to 9,200 m, when exercising in a bicycle ergometer at 200 kgm/min and continuously ascending at a rate of 20 m/sec. A similar antihypoxic effect was also provided by a 7-day high altitude adaptation. Using polarographic measurements of oxygen tension in the skin, it was found that adaptation to hypoxia induced a more pronounced oxygen decrease at high altitudes. This can be attributed to a more distinct blood redistribution, i. e., a better blood supply to the vital organs at the expense of peripheral tissues.

[Antihypoxic effectiveness of a "pulsed" regimen of human pressure chamber training]. / Antigipoksicheskaia éffektivnost' "impul'snogo" rezhima barokamernoi trenirovki cheloveka.

It has been shown that a 10-day altitude chamber training in an intermittent mode can increase the maximum altitude man tolerates from 8,400 to 9,500 m and maximum time of exposure to increasing hypoxia (from 5,000 m) from 37 to 49 min. The antihypoxic effect of the above training persists for 10 days after its completion, leading to a better oxygen supply to various tissues.