Pine resin and biopin ointment: effects of water-soluble fractions on cytokine production by peripheral blood neutrophils.

We studied the effects of water-soluble fractions of pine resin and Biopin-10 and Biopin-20 ointments used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases on spontaneous and induced synthesis of tumor necrosis factor and interleukins 1, 2, and 8 by human peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro. These preparations contain various bioactive substances producing opposite and dose-dependent immunomodulatory effects. Our results indicate that the composition and doses of preparations should be selected to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect.

Pine resin and biopin ointment: effects of water-soluble fractions on functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils.

We studied the effects of water-soluble fractions of pine resin and Biopin-10 and Biopin-20 ointments used in the treatment of burns, wounds, and pyoinflammatory processes on the phagocytic activity and redox potential of human peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro. The test preparations contain bioactive substances producing opposite dose-dependent effects on phagocytosis, which suggests that the composition and dose of ointments should be selected individually in order to attain the optimal therapeutic effect.

Pine resin and Biopin ointment: effects on cell composition and histochemical changes in wounds.

We studied the effects of Biopin ointment containing pine resin and used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases on the cell composition of wounds and histochemical changes in the granulation tissue during the therapy of extensive third-degree burns. The preparation stimulated the nonspecific immune response, normalized hemodynamics in damaged regions, and stimulated cell proliferation in the squamous epithelium.

Pine resin and Biopin ointment: effects on repair processes in tissues.

The effects of Biopin (ointment containing pine resin) used in the treatment of burns, wounds, and pyoinflammatory processes on cell composition of the wound surface (smears) and granulation tissue were studied on rats. In vitro antibacterial activity of the drug was also evaluated. At the early stage of inflammation Biopin modulated the nonspecific and inhibited specific cell immune response, normalized hemodynamics in the inflammation focus, activated synthetic processes in the wound, and was effective towards anaerobes and bacilli.

Pine resin and Biopin ointment: effects on nonspecific resistance of organisms.

We studied the effects of pine resin and Biopin ointment used for the therapy of burns, wounds, purulent and inflammatory diseases on blood leukocyte count, phagocytic activity of macrophages and neutrophils, and redox potential of peripheral blood neutrophils. The wound-healing effect of the test preparations is determined by their ability to activate phagocytosis.

Effect of pine resin and Biopin ointment on T and B cell immunity.

We studied the effects of pine resin and Biopin ointment used for the therapy of burns, wounds, purulent and inflammatory diseases on differentiation of T lymphocyte precursors, lymphocyte proliferation in the thymus and spleen, and production of tumor necrosis factor and interleukins 1, 2, and 6 by splenocytes and peripheral blood leukocytes. The wound-healing effect of these preparations is determined by their pronounced immunomodulatory properties.

Pine resin and biopin ointment: effects on free radical processes.

We studied the effects of pine resin and Biopin ointment used for the therapy of burns, wounds, purulent and inflammatory diseases on the content of lipid peroxidation products, including primary (conjugated dienes), secondary (malonic dialdehyde and ketodienes), and end products (Schiff bases), and content of isolated double bonds in the spleen and liver. Repeated application of Biopin did not modulate lipid peroxidation. The inhibitory effect of this preparation was observed only in the initial short period after application.

Photoprotective activity of melanin preparations from black yeast-like fungus during UV irradiation of human skin: dependence on the concentration.

The effect of melanin solutions on the skin exposed to UV irradiation (1,050 kJ/m(2)) depended on its dose and varied from photoprotection (0.005 mg/ml) to photosensitization and phototoxicity (burn, 0.1 mg/ml). These results suggest that doses of melanin preparations should be empirically selected to achieve optimum photoprotective effect.

Pine resin and biopin ointment: immunotoxic and allergenic activity.

We studied properties of ointment Biopin containing pine resin and used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases. Long-term treatment with this preparation in clinical doses had no effect on the nonspecific, but modulated the specific immune response. Biopin ointment inhibited humoral, but stimulated cell immunity. Neither local irritation, nor allergic reactions were found after long-term epicutaneous application of the preparation.

Photoprotective activity of melanin preparations in human skin exposed to UV irradiation: dependence on previous photoexposure.

Photoprotective effects of three melanin preparations (from black yeast fungi and Sepia sp.) were studied. These preparations in aqueous solutions (5 g/ml, dark exposure for 7 days) demonstrated high photomodification capacity upon exposure to visible light in doses of up to 1.8 kJ/m2. Preliminary exposure of these solutions to visible light in a dose of 360 kJ/m2 notably decreased the photoprotective effect of melanins during UV exposure of the skin treated with these solutions (at UV dose of 3.4 kJ/m2). This necessitates empirical selection of the dose and storage condition of melanin preparations for attaining the optimal photoprotective effect.

Effect of Erysod (erythrocyte superoxide dismutase) on blood concentration of reactive oxygen species in patients with severe burns and burn shock.

The dynamics of blood concentrations of reactive oxygen species and LPO products in patients with thermal injuries of different severity was studied. Monitoring of these parameters by chemiluminescent and spectrophotometric techniques helps to predict the course of burn shock and prevent complications. Erysod (0.004% solution, 33-66 microg/min, daily dose 24-32 mg) added to antishock infusion therapy during the early periods after injury suppressed generation of free radicals (by 20% after 15 min and by 30-40% after 24 h), promoted normalization of their contents, and reduced damage to visceral organs during acute period of thermal injury.

Modeling of thermal skin injury for the development of local treatment drugs.

The paper describes simple and reliably reproducible methods of inducing superficial and deep skin burns (both infected and non-infected) in rats, which model IIIa and IIIb degree burns in humans. These methods reduce the costs and accelerate the development of local preparations.

Erysod, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase preparation: effects on LPO processes and morphological changes in the viscera of rats with burns under conditions of delayed antishock infusion therapy.

Biochemical and morphological changes in the kidneys, liver, heart, and lungs were studied in rats with deep burns of 20% body surface. Erysod (0.47 mg/kg/day) added to antishock therapy notably reduced the intensity of LPO processes in tissues both in cases when infusion therapy was started immediately (by 8-20% 12 h and by 5-24% 24 h after the injury) and when this therapy was 6 h delayed (by up about 36% after 12 h). This prevented injuries to visceral organs during the acute period of thermal injury and prevented the development of burn disease.