RESUMEN
The 5-year survival for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains <20 %, primarily due to the early symptoms of lung cancer are inconspicuous. Prompt identification and medical intervention could serve as effective strategies for mitigating the death rate. We therefore set out to identify biomarkers to help diagnose NSCLC. CircRNA microarray and qRT-PCR reveal that sputum circ_0006949 is a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC, which can enhance the proliferation and clone formation, regulate the cell cycle, and accelerate the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Circ_0006949 and miR-4673 are predominantly co-localized in the cytoplasm of NSCLC cell lines and tissues; it upregulates GLUL by adsorption of miR-4673 through competing endogenous RNAs mechanism. The circ_0006949/miR-4673/GLUL axis exerts pro-cancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Circ_0006949 can boost GLUL catalytic activity, and they are highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and correlate with poor prognosis. In summary, circ_0006949 is a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC. This novel sputum circRNA is statistically more predictive than conventional serum markers for NSCLC diagnosis. Non-invasive detection of patients with early-stage NSCLC using sputum has shown good potential for routine diagnosis and possible screening.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Proliferación Celular , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Neoplasias Pulmonares , MicroARNs , ARN Circular , Humanos , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/genética , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , ARN Circular/genética , ARN Circular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ratones , Masculino , Femenino , Movimiento Celular/genética , Ratones Desnudos , Esputo/metabolismoRESUMEN
Sepsis, a life-threatening inflammatory response, demands economical, accurate, and rapid detection of biomarkers during the critical "golden hour" to reduce the patient mortality rate. Here, we demonstrate a cost-effective waveguide-enhanced nanogold-linked immunosorbent assay (WENLISA) based on nanoplasmonic waveguide biosensors for the rapid and sensitive detection of procalcitonin (PCT), a sepsis-related inflammatory biomarker. To enhance the limit of detection (LOD), we employed sandwich assays using immobilized capture antibodies and detection antibodies conjugated to gold nanoparticles to bind the target analyte, leading to a significant evanescent wave redistribution and strong nanoplasmonic absorption near the waveguide surface. Experimentally, we detected PCT for a wide linear response range of 0.1 pg/mL to 1 ng/mL with a record-low LOD of 48.7 fg/mL (3.74 fM) in 8 min. Furthermore, WENLISA has successfully identified PCT levels in the blood plasma of patients with sepsis and healthy individuals, offering a promising technology for early sepsis diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas Biosensibles , Nanopartículas del Metal , Sepsis , Humanos , Polipéptido alfa Relacionado con Calcitonina , Inmunoadsorbentes , Oro , Sepsis/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores , Anticuerpos InmovilizadosRESUMEN
Given that the United Nations views environmental, social, and governance (ESG) as a practical framework for anchoring responsible corporate behavior to achieve its sustainable development goals, this study constructs an autoregressive jump intensity trend (ARJI-trend) model to determine if ESG can improve future resilience and create crisis-resilient value for chained-brand hotel corporations from the effects of COVID-19. The findings indicate that the ARJI-trend model indeed captures both the permanent and transitory components of the hotel corporation's ESG performance related to stock return dynamics. When ESG rating is taken into account, the following conclusions emerge: 1) the transitory component of time-varying return variance decreases but the permanent component does not; 2) the hotel corporation portfolios with a lower transitory component experiences a higher return, implying that the hotel corporations with a higher ESG rating appear to be more defensiveness; and 3) with proper asset reallocation, a portfolio centered on strong ESG-conscious hotel corporations is a safe-haven asset during market turmoil.
RESUMEN
Incorporating environmental-social-governance (ESG) into a company's operations is an innovation strategy for contemporary businesses and a countermeasure for airline companies under COVID-19's influence. This research employs an autoregressive jump intensity trend (ARJI-trend) model to analyze the effects of COVID-19 and ESG ratings on the stock performance of the U.S. airline industry. We find that the ARJI-trend model captures the short- and long-run impacts of COVID-19 and ESG on stock return dynamics. Moreover, short-run stock return volatility converges to the original equilibrium level faster when a company has a higher ESG score, implying that promoting ESG does offer a defense mechanism to airline companies and that ESG performance is suitable for integration into business operational goals. The results lay the groundwork for understanding how an ESG focus might help airline companies to suffer less of an economic/financial impact during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
RESUMEN
Severe falciparum malaria is associated with multiple organ dysfunction and a high rate of fatal outcome. Malaria is a world-wide disease in tropical areas through the bites of vector mosquitoes. Parasitic protozoans introduced by the mosquito's saliva to the blood travel to the liver then mature and reproduce. In humans, malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, P. vivax, and P. knowlesi, and P. falciparum causes most deaths. Typical malaria symptoms include fever, chills, fatigue, headache, nausea, and vomiting. In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death. Jaundice, caused by intravascular hemolysis is a usual complication of malaria, especially in patients with P. falciparum infection. The use of exchange transfusion in malaria is not currently advocated by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the United States of America. The role of therapeutic plasma exchange as an adjunctive therapy in malaria has not been widely discussed in the literature. Here, we present a 23-year-old patient with jaundice, acute renal failure, and cerebral involvement who was successfully treated with plasma exchange and hemodialysis.
Asunto(s)
Malaria Falciparum/terapia , Intercambio Plasmático/métodos , Humanos , Ictericia , Diálisis Renal , Insuficiencia Renal , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The high-gravity carbonation process for CO2 mineralization and product utilization as a green cement was evaluated using field operation data from the steelmaking industry. The effect of key operating factors, including rotation speed, liquid-to-solid ratio, gas flow rate, and slurry flow rate, on CO2 removal efficiency was studied. The results indicated that a maximal CO2 removal of 97.3% was achieved using basic oxygen furnace slag at a gas-to-slurry ratio of 40, with a capture capacity of 165 kg of CO2 per day. In addition, the product with different carbonation conversions (i.e., 0%, 17%, and 48%) was used as supplementary cementitious materials in blended cement at various substitution ratios (i.e., 0%, 10%, and 20%). The performance of the blended cement mortar, including physicochemical properties, morphology, mineralogy, compressive strength, and autoclave soundness, was evaluated. The results indicated that the mortar with a high carbonation conversion of slag exhibited a higher mechanical strength in the early stage than pure portland cement mortar, suggesting its suitability for use as a high early strength cement. It also possessed superior soundness compared to the mortar using fresh slag. Furthermore, the optimal operating conditions of the high-gravity carbonation were determined by response surface models for maximizing CO2 removal efficiency and minimizing energy consumption.
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Dióxido de Carbono/química , Residuos Industriales , Metalurgia/métodos , Acero , Carbonatos/química , Fuerza Compresiva , Gravitación , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
We attempted to isolate ES cell lines using inner cell masses from high-quality cloned porcine blastocysts. After being seeded onto feeders, embryos had better (P < 0.05) attachment, outgrowth formation and primary colonization in both 2× and 3× aggregated cloned embryos (62.8, 42.6 and 12.8% vs. 76.2, 55.2 and 26.2%, respectively) compared to the non-aggregated group (41.6, 23.4 and 3.9%). Effects of feeder types (STO vs. MEF) and serum sources (FBS vs. KSR) on extraction of cloned embryo-derived porcine ES cells were examined. More (17.1%) ntES cell lines over Passage 3 were generated in the MEF/KSR group. However, ntES cells cultured in KSR-supplemented medium had a low proliferation rate with defective morphology, and eventually underwent differentiation or apoptosis subsequently. Approximately 26.1, 22.7 and 35.7% of primary colonies were formed after plating embryos in DMEM, DMEM/F12 and α-MEM media, respectively. Survival rates of ntES cells cultured in α-MEM, DMEM and DMEM/F12 were 16.7, 4.3 and 6.8%, respectively (P > 0.05). We further examined the beneficial effect of TSA treatment of 3× aggregated cloned embryos on establishment of ntES cell lines. Primary colony numbers and survival rates of ntES cells beyond passage 3 were higher (P < 0.05) in those derived from TSA-treated 3× blastocysts (36.7 and 26.7%) than from the non-treated aggregated group (23.1 and 11.5%). These cells, remaining undifferentiated over 25 passages, had alkaline phosphatase activity and expressed ES specific markers Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Rex01. Moreover, these ntES cells successfully differentiated into embryoid bodies (EBs) that expressed specific genes of all three germ layers after being cultured in LIF-free medium. In conclusion, we have successfully derived putative porcine ntES cells with high efficiency from quality cloned embryos produced by embryo aggregation, and optimized the ES cell culture system suitable for establishing and maintaining ntES cell lines in undifferentiated state.
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Blastómeros/citología , Clonación de Organismos , Células Madre Embrionarias/citología , Oocitos/citología , Animales , Biomarcadores , Blastocisto/citología , Diferenciación Celular , Línea Celular , Células Cultivadas , Medios de Cultivo , Técnicas de Cultivo de Embriones , Cuerpos Embrioides/citología , Células Madre Embrionarias/metabolismo , Células Nutrientes , Femenino , PorcinosRESUMEN
Effects of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) on establishment and maintenance of rabbit embryonic stem cell (rESC) lines were assessed. When grown on MEF feeders, rESC lines derived from fertilized embryos were established and maintained in medium containing paracrine factors LIF (via STAT3) and/or FGF2 (via MEK-ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT). However, high levels of ERK1/2 and AKT activities in rESCs were crucial for maintaining their undifferentiated proliferation. Although rESCs under the influence of either LIF (500, 1,000, and 2,000 U/ml) or FGF2 (5, 10, and 20 ng/ml) alone had enhanced expression of pluripotency markers, peak expression occurred when both LIF (1,000 U/ml) and FGF2 (10 ng/ml) were applied. Induced dephosphorylation of STAT3, ERK1/2, and AKT by specific inhibitors limited growth of rESCs and caused remarkable losses of self-renewal capacity; therefore, we inferred that STAT3, ERK, and AKT had essential roles in maintaining rESC proliferation and self-renewal. We concluded that LIF and FGF2 jointly maintained the undifferentiated state and self-renewal of rESCs through an integrative signaling module.
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Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Madre Embrionarias/efectos de los fármacos , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/farmacología , Factor Inhibidor de Leucemia/farmacología , Animales , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Células Madre Embrionarias/citología , Células Madre Embrionarias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Homeodominio/metabolismo , Ratones , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Proteína Quinasa 3 Activada por Mitógenos/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteína Quinasa 3 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Factor 3 de Transcripción de Unión a Octámeros/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Conejos , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Cigoto/citologíaRESUMEN
The biomass and lipid productivity of Chlorella sp. MTF-15 cultivated using aeration with flue gases from a coke oven, hot stove or power plant in a steel plant of the China Steel Corporation in Taiwan were investigated. Using the flue gas from the coke oven, hot stove or power plant for cultivation, the microalgal strain obtained a maximum specific growth rate and lipid production of (0.827 d(-1), 0.688 g L(-1)), (0.762 d(-1), 0.961 g L(-1)), and (0.728 d(-1), 0.792 g L(-1)), respectively. This study demonstrated that Chlorella sp. MTF-15 could efficiently utilize the CO2, NOX and SO2 present in the different flue gases. The results also showed that the growth potential, lipid production and fatty acid composition of the microalgal strain were dependent on the composition of the flue gas and on the operating strategy deployed.
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Biodegradación Ambiental , Dióxido de Carbono/química , Chlorella/metabolismo , Residuos Industriales , Microalgas/metabolismo , Biomasa , Reactores Biológicos , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Chlorella/crecimiento & desarrollo , Contaminación Ambiental/prevención & control , Esterificación , Calentamiento Global/prevención & control , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Microalgas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Centrales EléctricasRESUMEN
Accelerated carbonation of basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) coupled with cold-rolling wastewater (CRW) was performed in a rotating packed bed (RPB) as a promising process for both CO2 fixation and wastewater treatment. The maximum achievable capture capacity (MACC) via leaching and carbonation processes for BOFS in an RPB was systematically determined throughout this study. The leaching behavior of various metal ions from the BOFS into the CRW was investigated by a kinetic model. In addition, quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) using the Rietveld method was carried out to determine the process chemistry of carbonation of BOFS with CRW in an RPB. According to the QXRD results, the major mineral phases reacting with CO2 in BOFS were Ca(OH)2, Ca2(HSiO4)(OH), CaSiO3, and Ca2Fe1.04Al0.986O5. Meanwhile, the carbonation product was identified as calcite according to the observations of SEM, XEDS, and mappings. Furthermore, the MACC of the lab-scale RPB process was determined by balancing the carbonation conversion and energy consumption. In that case, the overall energy consumption, including grinding, pumping, stirring, and rotating processes, was estimated to be 707 kWh/t-CO2. It was thus concluded that CO2 capture by accelerated carbonation of BOFS could be effectively and efficiently performed by coutilizing with CRW in an RPB.
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Dióxido de Carbono/aislamiento & purificación , Residuos Industriales/análisis , Acero , Aguas Residuales/química , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Carbonato de Calcio/química , Dióxido de Carbono/química , Carbonatos/química , Cinética , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Modelos Químicos , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
The growth and on-site bioremediation potential of an isolated thermal- and CO2-tolerant mutant strain, Chlorella sp. MTF-7, were investigated. The Chlorella sp. MTF-7 cultures were directly aerated with the flue gas generated from coke oven of a steel plant. The biomass concentration, growth rate and lipid content of Chlorella sp. MTF-7 cultured in an outdoor 50-L photobioreactor for 6 days was 2.87 g L⻹ (with an initial culture biomass concentration of 0.75 g L⻹), 0.52 g L⻹ d⻹ and 25.2%, respectively. By the operation with intermittent flue gas aeration in a double-set photobioreactor system, average efficiency of CO2 removal from the flue gas could reach to 60%, and NO and SO2 removal efficiency was maintained at approximately 70% and 50%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that flue gas from coke oven could be directly introduced into Chlorella sp. MTF-7 cultures to potentially produce algal biomass and efficiently capture CO2, NO and SO2 from flue gas.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos/metabolismo , Biomasa , Chlorella/crecimiento & desarrollo , Microalgas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Biodegradación Ambiental , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Chlorella/metabolismo , Metalurgia , Microalgas/metabolismo , Óxidos de Nitrógeno/metabolismo , Dióxido de Azufre/metabolismoRESUMEN
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a state of chronic hyperglycemia, is associated with a variety of serious complications. Hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. In vivo, we demonstrated that disrupted mitochondria and autophagy was elevated in type II DM db/db mice. Mitophagy was evidenced by increased autophagosome formation in the beta-islet cells. The adducts of N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), a major AGE, and bovine serum albumin (CML-BSA) stimulated the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-I (LC3-I) to LC3-II in rat insulinoma cells (RIN-m5F). CML-BSA increased ROS generation as demonstrated in a time-dependent manner. Experiments with mitochondrial targeted enhanced yellow fluorescent protein transfected RIN-m5F cells, massive fragmented mitochondria were visualized in the CML-BSA treated cells. Taken together, these data suggested that AGEs may cause mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagosome formation, and AGEs-induced glycoxidative stress may trigger mitophagic process to modulate mitochondrial fates leading to either cell survival or cell death.
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Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Animales , Bovinos , Muerte Celular , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/metabolismo , Hiperglucemia , Insulinoma/metabolismo , Lisina/análogos & derivados , Lisina/química , Ratones , Modelos Biológicos , Fagosomas/metabolismo , Ratas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Albúmina Sérica/químicaRESUMEN
Albuminuria is indicative of nephropathy. However, little literature has focused on the role of albumin in renal distal tubule fibrosis. We used a well-defined distal tubule cell, Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK). Proliferation and cytotoxicity were examined. The conditioned supernatant was collected and subjected to ELISA assay for detection of fibronectin and TGF-beta1. Reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot assay were performed to evaluate the expression of mRNA and protein of two types of TGF-beta receptors (TbetaR). Flow cytometry assay and phosphotyrosine (pY)-specific antibodies were used to assay the phosphorylation status of TbetaR. We showed that albumin dose dependently (0, 0.1, 1, or 10 mg/ml) inhibited cellular growth in MDCK cells without inducing cellular cytotoxicity. In addition, albumin significantly upregulated the secretion of both fibronectin and TGF-beta1 at dose over 1 mg/ml. Moreover, 24 h pretreatment of albumin significantly enhanced exogenous TGF-beta1-induced secretion of fibronectin. These observations were reminiscent of the implications of TbetaR since TbetaR appears to correlate with the susceptibility of cellular fibrosis. We found that albumin significantly increased protein levels of type I TbetaR (TbetaRI) instead of type II receptors (TbetaRII). In addition, phosphorylation level of TbetaRII of both pY259 and pY424 was significantly enhanced instead of pY336. The novel observation indicates that extreme dose of albumin upregulates TGF-beta autocrine loop by upregulating TGF-beta1, TbetaRI, and the receptor kinase activity of TbetaRII by inducing tyrosine phosphorylation on key amino residue of TbetaRII in renal distal tubule cells. These combinational effects might contribute to the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis.