Chemical Constituents of Primulina eburnea (Gesneriaceae) and Their Cytotoxic Activities.

Two new ursane-type triterpenes, eburnealactones A and B (1 and 2), one new flavonoid, eburneatin A (6), and one new phenylethanoid glycoside, chiritoside D (7), along with 9 known compounds (3-5, 8-13) were isolated from the whole plant of Primulina eburnea. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis (IR, UV, NMR, and HR-ESI-MS). All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxic activities against MKN-45 cell lines and 5637 cell lines with the IC50 values of 9.57 µM and 8.30 µM, respectively. Compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against A549 and PATU8988T cell lines with the IC50 values of 30.70 µM and 38.22 µM, respectively. Compound 6 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against MKN-45, HCT116, PATU8988T, 5637 and A-673 cell lines with the IC50 values of 19.69 µM, 16.44 µM, 18.07 µM, 11.51 µM and 18.15 µM, respectively. Compound 5 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against A549 cell lines with the IC50 values of 24.06 µM.

Oreocharioside A-G, new acylated C-glycosylflavones from Oreocharis auricula (Gesneriaceae).

Seven new acylated C-glycosylflavones, oreocharioside A-G, together with two known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Oreocharis auricula. Their structures were characterized by the comprehensive analysis of their NMR, IR, UV, CD spectra and HRESIMS data. All the new compounds were evaluated for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 had significant DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, with the IC50 values of 0.32-3.20 µg/mL. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited the higher potency among all the new compounds in reducing TNF-α production.

[Study on the association between DNA double-strand break repair gene NBS1 polymorphisms and susceptibility on lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between DNA double-strand break repair gene NBS1 (nijmegen breakage syndrome gene) polymorphisms and the susceptibility to lung cancer. METHODS: A case-control study design was applied. PCR-RFLP was used to identify NBS1 polymorphisms among 575 lung cancer cases and 575 controls. RESULTS: The frequencies of C/C, C/G and G/G genotypes at NBS1 rs1805794 site were 25.9%, 51.8%, 22.3% among controls compared to 20.5%, 52.3%, 27.1% among cases. There was significant difference between controls and cases (χ(2) = 6.38, P = 0.04). Individuals carrying C/G + G/G genotypes had an increased risk for lung cancer (OR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.09 - 1.97) compared to the C/C genotype. The frequencies of G/G, G/C and C/C genotypes at NBS1 rs2735383 site were 37.9%, 47.0%, 15.1% among controls compared to 35.5%, 48.5%, 16.0% among cases, with no significant difference between the two groups (χ(2) = 0.75, P = 0.69). Individuals carrying Hap4-GC haplotype (OR = 1.70, 95%CI: 1.24 - 2.31) and Hap4/Hap2 dihaplotype (OR = 1.75, 95%CI: 1.11 - 2.76) had an increased risk on lung cancer. Joint associations of smoking and the NBS1 polymorphism with the risk of lung cancer were observed (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The G/G genotype at NBS1 rs1805794 site and the Hap4-GC haplotype and Hap4/Hap2 di haplotype from rs1805794 and rs2735383 were both associated with lung cancer.