[Characteristics of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Carriers of Polymorphic Variants of the VDR Gene With Arterial Hypertension and Obesity].

AIM: to study the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) in patients with polymorphic variants of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR), arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included in this study 98 patients with stage II-III AH and obesity (33 men, 65 women, mean age 61.1±9.9 years and BMI 43.3±5.0 kg/m2). The VDR gene study included genotypes TaqI, BsmI, FokI. After identification of TaqI, BsmI, FokI VDR gene sites we carried out measurements of levels of RAAS markers. RESULTS: We revealed an associative relationship between the presence of allele G of the BsmI site, C/C homozygosity of FokI site of VDR gene and presence of AH in patients with obesity. An increase of renin level was noted only in the homozygous T/T genotype of FokI, no differences in the concentration of aldosterone and angiotensin were detected between any of the studied genotypes. CONCLUSION: Polymorphic alleles and genotypes of the VDR gene can be used as predictors of AH development in obese patients with subsequent characterization of the state of the RAAS system.

[THE CLINICAL COURSE OF HEPATITIS C IN CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF THE GENE POLYMORPHISM IL28B].

Aim of investigation: The aim of the research is to study the clinical course of hepatitis C in children with different variants of the gene polymorphism of IL-28B. Materials and methods: We observed 94 children (46 girls and 48 boys) with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in age from 3 to 17 years (mean age 10 years). There were significant differences in the distribution of allele frequencies in children with chronic hepatitis C and in the population. In children with chronic hepatitis C significantly increased the incidence of the T allele at the locus of the gene IL-28B rs12979860 C>T, which makes it possible to consider it as a predictor of antiviral therapy ineffective. Results: When analyzing the frequency of occurrence of a polymorphic variant T>G [rs8099917] IL-28B gene in children with chronic hepatitis C and healthy children revealed no differences in the distribution of alleles. Conclusion: Personalized approach to the appointment of HCV antiviral therapy in children is to carry out genetic studies to determine on the basis of predictive features of the course of HCV in children during the treatment.

[Modern trends in study of polymorphism of genes encoding goat's milk proteins].

This review emphasises the genotypical heterogeneity of the population of goats, which at the molecular level is manifested in the form of gene polymorphism in the milk proteins. Polymorphic genes, represented in the population of heterogeneous alleles, cause a wide variance in the chemical composition and processing properties of goat milk. We summarized the literature about the main features of genes encoding proteins of goat milk. It is stressed that goat's milk, due to genetic polymorphism has a great value when creating a new functional food product for children.

[Genomic, proteomic and metabolomic predictors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development in obese patients. Part I].

The prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated to obesity require a qualitative increase of efficiency. There are still disputable questions about diagnostic significance of some molecules, including genomic, proteomic and metabolomic biomarkers. We observed 72 obese patients (20 men and 52 women, mean age--41.3 +/- 2.5) and performed ultrasound elastography and ultrasound of liver. We have identified two groups of patients: Group 1 consisted of 50 obese patients without complications (BMI 43.2 +/- 0.6), group 2 consisted of 22 patients with obesity complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (BMI 45.8 +/- 2.3). Determination of the adipokines (adiponectin, ghrelin, resistin, visfatin, and apelin), cytokine (interleukin--6, TNFalpha) oxidized lipoproteins (oxLDL), adhesion molecule sICAM (soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule), fatty acid transporter L-FABP in serum was performed by ELISA. The study of the lipid metabolism involved determination of the concentration of total cholesterols, triglycerides, low and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) by turbidimetry and spectrophotometry by analyzer. In addition, we conducted analysis of polymorphic alleles epsilon2, epsilon3, episolon4 of ApoE gene using polymerase chain reaction. Our data indicate that reducing the concentration of adiponectin (0.46-1.71 mcg/ml), increasing the level of glucose (5.57-6.25 mmol/l), triglycerides (2.06-3.94 mmol/l), TNFalpha (5.07-16.68 pg/ml) and L-FABP (11.62-23.76 pg/ml) are predictors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese patients, and the presence of genotype epsilon3/epsilon4 of ApoE gene is a poor prognostic marker of severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

[Genomic, proteomic and metabolomic predictors of atherosclerosis in obese patients. Part II].

Currently there is no extensive research of metabolic disorders in obese patients with atherosclerosis, including the study of genomic, biochemical, immune and other markers. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the genomic, proteomic and metabolic predictors of atherosclerosis in obese patients. We evaluated condition of the cardiovascular system of the 100 obese patients aged 18 to 66 years, which were divided in two groups of patients: Group 1 consisted of 50 obese patients without vascular pathology, 2nd group consisted of 50 patients with obesity, complicated by atherosclerosis. We carried out a study of the lipid metabolism and analysis of polymorphic alleles ε2, ε3, ε4 of the ApoE gene by PCR. Our data showed that clinically significant predictors of atherosclerosis in obese patients are homozygous genotypes ε2/ε2 of the ApoE gene, increased blood serum level of triglycerides, oxidated LDL, interleukin-6, adhesion molecules SICAM, L-FABP and adiponectin reduction.