Efficacy of oseltamivir compared with zanamivir in COPD patients with seasonal influenza virus infection: a randomized controlled trial

Influenza viruses exacerbate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with considerable morbidity and mortality. Zanamivir and oseltamivir are effective in treating influenza. However, their efficacy in relieving influenza symptoms in COPD patients remains unknown, with the lack of controlled trials in this subject. Therefore, we conducted this randomized controlled trial to investigate the clinical efficacy of both interventions in this population. Patients were allocated to two groups (80 patients each): oseltamivir (OSELTA) and zanamivir (ZANA) groups. Oseltamivir (75 mg) was orally administered twice daily for 5 days, while zanamivir (10 mg) was inhaled twice daily for 5 days. Clinical parameters including body temperature, influenza symptoms (i.e., sore throat, cough, etc.), and serial blood tests were recorded on days 1, 3, and 7. We analyzed primary (changes in body temperature) and secondary outcomes (changes in non-specific symptoms) using the pre-protocol and intention-to-treat analyses. Differences between groups were assessed using t-test. Oseltamivir and zanamivir significantly reduced body temperature on the 3rd day after treatment; however, the number of patients who reported clinical improvement in influenza-like symptoms was significantly higher in the OSELTA group compared to the ZANA group on days 3 (85 vs 68.8%, P=0.015) and 7 (97.5 vs 83.8%, P=0.003). However, no significant changes in hematological (white blood cells and its subtypes) and inflammatory (C-reactive protein) parameters were noted (P>0.05). Our results suggested that oseltamivir and zanamivir are effective in reducing body temperature, while oseltamivir led to better clinical improvement regarding influenza-like symptoms in patients with COPD.

Efficacy of oseltamivir compared with zanamivir in COPD patients with seasonal influenza virus infection: a randomized controlled trial.

Influenza viruses exacerbate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with considerable morbidity and mortality. Zanamivir and oseltamivir are effective in treating influenza. However, their efficacy in relieving influenza symptoms in COPD patients remains unknown, with the lack of controlled trials in this subject. Therefore, we conducted this randomized controlled trial to investigate the clinical efficacy of both interventions in this population. Patients were allocated to two groups (80 patients each): oseltamivir (OSELTA) and zanamivir (ZANA) groups. Oseltamivir (75 mg) was orally administered twice daily for 5 days, while zanamivir (10 mg) was inhaled twice daily for 5 days. Clinical parameters including body temperature, influenza symptoms (i.e., sore throat, cough, etc.), and serial blood tests were recorded on days 1, 3, and 7. We analyzed primary (changes in body temperature) and secondary outcomes (changes in non-specific symptoms) using the pre-protocol and intention-to-treat analyses. Differences between groups were assessed using t-test. Oseltamivir and zanamivir significantly reduced body temperature on the 3rd day after treatment; however, the number of patients who reported clinical improvement in influenza-like symptoms was significantly higher in the OSELTA group compared to the ZANA group on days 3 (85 vs 68.8%, P=0.015) and 7 (97.5 vs 83.8%, P=0.003). However, no significant changes in hematological (white blood cells and its subtypes) and inflammatory (C-reactive protein) parameters were noted (P>0.05). Our results suggested that oseltamivir and zanamivir are effective in reducing body temperature, while oseltamivir led to better clinical improvement regarding influenza-like symptoms in patients with COPD.

Microarray profiles reveal that circular RNA hsa_circ_0007385 functions as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis.

OBJECTIVE: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of non-protein-coding RNA. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs participate in the regulation of many pathophysiological processes. This study aims to explore the expression profiles and pathological effects of circRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Human circRNAs microarray analysis was performed to screen the expression profile of circRNAs in NSCLC tissue. Expressions of circRNA and miRNA in NSCLC tissues and cells were quantified by qRTPCR. Functional experiments were performed to investigate the biological functions of circRNA, including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay and xenograft in vivo assay. RESULTS: Human circRNAs microarray revealed a total 957 abnormally expressed circRNAs (> twofold, P < 0.05) in NSCLC tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue. In further studies, hsa_circ_0007385 was significantly up regulated in NSCLC tissue and cells. In vitro experiments with hsa_circ_0007385 knockdown resulted in significant suppression of the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. In vivo xenograft assay using hsa_circ_0007385 knockdown, significantly reduced tumor growth. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay verified the potential target miR-181, suggesting a possible regulatory pathway for hsa_circ_0007385. CONCLUSION: In summary, results suggest hsa_circ_0007385 plays a role in NSCLC tumorigenesis, providing a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.

Polymorphisms of -800G/A and +915G/C in TGF-ß1 gene and lung cancer susceptibility.

We studied the relationship between the polymorphisms of -800G/A and +915G/C in transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) gene and lung cancer susceptibility. The sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP) technique was used to test 156 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients that were selected as the observation group and 156 patients with pneumonia and tuberculosis that were selected as the control group (age and gender 1:1 proximal matching principle) and the polymorphisms of the first exon -800G/A and +915G/C TGF-ß1 genes. The expression of TGF-ß1 levels in peripheral blood was detected using ELISA. The proportion of -800G/A gene AA subtype and A allelic gene in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while the proportion of +915G/C gene CC subtype and C allelic gene was also significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The cancer risk [odds ratio (OR)] of patients with A allelic gene in -800G/A gene was 4.8 (95% CI=2.563-6.537, P<0.05), while the cancer risk (OR) of patients with C allelic gene in +915G/C gene was 4.7 (95% CI=2.317-5.864, P<0.05). The serum TGF-ß1 expression levels of -800G/A gene AA subtype in the observation group was significantly higher than the GG type, GA type and the control group, while the TGF-ß1 level of +915G/C gene CC subtype was significantly higher than the GG type, GC type and the control group (P<0.05). Therefore, the polymorphisms of -800G/A and +915G/C in TGF-ß1 gene are closely related to the lung cancer susceptibility.