[Digital X-ray equipment presented at the "Healthcare-2003" exhibition]. / Tsifrovaia rentgenotekhnika na vystavke "Zdravookhranenie-2003".

Published data on equipment for X-ray filming, fluorography, mammography and for automated developing machines, which were displayed at the "Healthcare-2003" exhibition, Moscow, are surveyed in the paper.

[AN experience of using a digital mammograph]. / Osobennosti ékspluatatsii tsifrovogo mammografa.

The initial experience of applying a digital mammograph in Russia and the specific construction of its basic elements are described. Besides, the planning solution is presented and the clinical data are discussed.

[An analysis of the technical equipping of the X-ray mammography service in the Russian Federation during 2001-2002]. / Analiz tekhnicheskoi osnashchennosti rentgenomammologicheskoi sluzhby Rossiiskoi Federatsii za 2001-2002 gg.

The condition of total X-ray mammography equipment in the Russian Federation is analyzed in the paper. A method for assessing the needs in such equipment is described. The conclusion is that 1800 mammographs would satisfy the needs in equipment for mammary-gland screening within the Russian Federation, while only 700 units are now in use.

[From general-purpose radiation apparatus to specialized apparatus (on the basis of material at the exhibition "Health Care-2002")]. / Ot luchevykh apparatov obshchego naznacheniia k spetsializirovannym apparatam (po materialam vystavki "Zdravookhranenie-2002").

Data on Russian exhibits displayed in "Health Care 2002" are described. The modern systems of X-ray and of magnetic-resonance diagnostic imaging are in the focus of attention.

["Elektron"--a research and production company]. / Nauchno-issledovatel'skaia proizvodstvennaia kompaniia "Elektron".

The paper contains the basic information about research-and-production company "Electron" (Saint-Petersburg) specializing in the area of medical X-ray and endoscopic instruments.

[Development of computer technology for increasing the resolution of radiographic images in mammography]. / Razrabotka komp'iuternoi tekhnologii povysheniia razresheniia rentgenovskikh izobrazhenii v mammologii.

A computer technology has been developed to enhance the resolution of an X-ray signal by 1.5-2 times than the baseline values. The results have been tested on real mammological X-ray films that are to detect minor inclusions, such as calcinates.

[Russian X-ray diagnostic equipment at the exhibition "Public Health-2001"]. / Otechestvennaia rentgenodiagnosticheskaia apparatura na vystavke "Zdravookhranenie-2001."

The basic characteristics of Russian equipment displayed at the Exhibition Public Health-2001 are given. Emphasis is laid on X-ray and fluorographic equipment.

[Study of the characteristics of diagnostic X-ray equipment. 2. Relationship of spectral distribution of braking radiation and its dosimetric characteristics]. / Issledovanie kharakteristik rentgenodiagnosticheskikh izluchatelei. 2. Vzaimosviaz' spektral'nogo raspredeleniia tormoznogo izlucheniia s ego dozimetricheskimi kharakteristikami.

The results obtained by the method outlined in the paper for calculating dosimetric characteristics of a braking radiation spectrum are in rather good agreement with those of experimental studies and may be used for practical calculations instead of expensive and labour-consuming experimental methods for estimating the spectral characteristics of braking spectra.

[Bases of a table of engineering equipment for a mammography service]. / Obosnovanie tabelia tehnicheskogo osnashcheniia kabineta dlia mammografii.

Seven-stage procedure for justifying an engineering equipment table for an X-ray room is outlined by using the rooms for detecting breast diseases as an example. The procedure may be also used to justify the engineering equipment table for other radiation diagnosis rooms.

[Spectral distribution of braking radiation in the tungsten anode X-ray tubes]. / Spektral'noe raspredelenie tormoznogo izlucheniia v rentgenovskikh trubkakh s vol'framovym anodom.

An analytical expression (mathematical model) of the spectral distribution of braking radiation in the in tungsten anode X-ray tubes has been derived. The discrepancy of the calculated spectra with experimental findings is no more than +/- 6%.

[Specific features of organizing mammography services]. / Osobennosti organizatsii mammograficheskoi sluzhby.

The organizational features of general-purpose mammographic room, as well as specialized and X-ray operating room are outlined.

[Russian medical x-ray equipment enters the year 2000 with confidence]. / Otechestvennaia meditsinskaia rentgenotekhnika s uverennost'iu vstupaet v 2000 g.

The paper analyzes the state-of-the-art in medical X-ray engineering by the year 2000 by using the display units of the Moscow International Exhibition "Health-99". Particular emphasis is laid on small-dose digital fluorographic devices.

[The technical support of mammography]. / Tekhnicheskoe obespechenie mammografii.

The paper deals with the basic elements of up-to-date hardware for mammography, which determine the quality of X-ray diagnosis of breast diseases. With small-dose dosages, highly-informative images can be obtained by both perfect equipment and image visualization means, including intensifying screens and films, cassettes that measure respective exposures, absorbed doses and check up the conclusions made while analyzing clinical cases. Recommendations are given for choosing a screen-film system and cassettes of various firms and working conditions of photo laboratories in mammographic rooms by taking into account the specific features of manual and automatic film development. Main causes of obtaining a defective mammogram are considered.

[The characteristics of the equipment and the operation of a general-purpose x-ray mammography office]. / Osobennosti ustroistva i ékspluatatsii rentgenomammograficheskogo kabineta obshchego naznacheniia.

The paper describes standard requirements for an X-ray diagnostic room to make mammography and gives an approximate technological design decision of the room and calculations of its radiation protection, technical equipment and operating conditions.

[The verification of the parameters of x-ray mammography apparatus as used in an office]. / Proverka parametrov rentgenomammograficheskikh apparatov v usloviiakh kabineta.

The authors verified whether on 07-492 digital kilovoltmeter can be used for controlling mammographic apparatuses and an 18-222 tissue-equivalent phantom (Victoreen) can be employed for mammography.