The Effect of Oral Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Supplementation on Anaerobic Exercise in Healthy Resistance-Trained Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an energy and signaling molecule. It is synthesized endogenously and can be taken as an oral supplement. This review aimed to identify the effects of oral ATP supplementation on anaerobic exercise in healthy resistance-trained adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria. The inclusion criteria were articles published from 2000 to 2022, with anaerobic variables (maximal strength, maximum repetitions, and maximum anaerobic power) measurable in healthy adults with experience in resistance training, only randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials (RCTs), and with the acute (a single dose 30 min to 24 h before the tests) and/or chronic (>1 day) oral supplementation of ATP. A total of five RCTs with 121 adult men were included. The oral ATP supplementation achieved significantly greater gains in maximal strength compared with the placebo (PL) (MD = 8.13 kg, 95%CI [3.36-12.90], p < 0.001). Still, no differences were observed in the maximum number of repetitions or the maximum anaerobic power. Furthermore, 400 mg of ATP showed improvement in anaerobic exercise regardless of the duration of the supplementation protocol. In conclusion, supplementation with 400 mg of ATP doses can improve maximal muscle strength in resistance-trained men.

Association Between Low-Grade Inflammation and Hyperuricemia in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome in Yucatán, México.

BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is commonly diagnosed among individuals with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nevertheless, the association of HUA in individuals with MetS among the Mexican population is mostly unexplored. Low-grade inflammation has been postulated to have a key role in the pathogenesis of MetS and has been linked to insulin resistance (IR). However, it is uncertain whether HUA is associated with elevated levels of interleukin-6 and -10 (IL-6 and IL-10, respectively) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in individuals with MetS. Our main goal was to assess the values of inflammatory markers in a Mexican adult population without and with MetS and HUA. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 250 adults (77 men, 173 women) was carried out at a tertiary hospital in Mérida, Yucatán, México. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and hs-CRP were evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between different conditions and inflammatory markers was analyzed using the point-biserial correlation (rpb) among patients. RESULTS: IR was positively associated with higher levels of serum uric acid (SUA). Serum levels of IL-6 and hs-CRP were found to be significantly associated with MetS, HUA and combined clinical conditions of MetS and HUA in women. Inter-relationships were stronger in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS: An association between levels of IL-6 and hs-CRP in women with MetS and HUA was found. Therefore, screening and monitoring of SUA and these markers in patients with MetS may be an alternative for treatment of these metabolic conditions.

Serum IL-6: A potential biomarker of mortality among SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in Mexico.

BACKGROUND: The first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico was reported in February 2020, since then, high rates of mortality due to COVID-19 have been found. Cytokine storm is linked to the severity and decreasing the survival among infected patients by COVID-19. The serum levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) have been correlated to mortality in COVID-19 cases and could be used as indicator of mortality in COVID-19 cases. The aim of this study was to determine levels of IL-6 and assess its usefulness as indicator of mortality among COVID-19 patients from Mexico. METHODS: A cohort study among 38 adults (28 men, 10 women) was carried out in the Regional High Specialty Hospital of the Yucatan Peninsula in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Demographic and clinical biochemistry data were collected. The serum levels of IL-6 were measured in each patient by specific immunoassays. RESULTS: High frequency of mortality (36.84%) was found in the sample. The average age of individuals that non-survive was significantly higher (59.71 ± 13.83 years) than the survival group (43.29 ± 11.80 years). Serum levels of IL-6 were significantly higher in patients that did not survive. A correlation between IL-6 levels with lymphocyte count, LDH, CRP and procaciltonin was found. The optimal cutoff value of IL-6 was 30.95 pg/mL with high sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that level of IL-6 is an indicator of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Mexico.

Evaluation of Anthropometric Indices and Lipid Parameters to Predict Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults in Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is related to genetic background, dietary habits, and lifestyle. Anthropometric indices and lipid parameters have been shown to be simple and useful tools in clinical practice for predicting MetS. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the differential magnitudes of anthropometric characteristics (waist circumference and body mass index [BMI]) and lipid parameters, namely, lipid accumulation product (LAP), cardiometabolic index (CMI), and Castelli Risk Index (CRI-I), to estimate MetS, usingappropriate cut-off values, among adults from a public hospital in Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS: A cross-sectional study among 250 adults (77 men, 173 women) was carried out in the Regional High Speciality Hospital of the Yucatan Peninsula (HRAEPY) in Merida, Yucatan. MetS was diagnosed using standard criteria (central obesity, arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia), and derived parameters (LAP, CMI, and CRI-I) were calculated. Binary logistic regression analysis-based receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to predict MetS. RESULTS: Of the 250 participants, 48% had MetS. High prevalences of overweight (35.2%) and obesity (48.8%) were found in the sample. The CMI and LAP were found to be the best parameters in the prediction of MetS in men and women. The optimal cut-off values of the parameters were higher in men and decreased with advancing age. CONCLUSION: The CMI and LAP were shown to be the most effective indicators to diagnose MetS among adults from Yucatan, Mexico.