Automated Pavement Condition Index Assessment with Deep Learning and Image Analysis: An End-to-End Approach.

The degradation of road pavements due to environmental factors is a pressing issue in infrastructure maintenance, necessitating precise identification of pavement distresses. The pavement condition index (PCI) serves as a critical metric for evaluating pavement conditions, essential for effective budget allocation and performance tracking. Traditional manual PCI assessment methods are limited by labor intensity, subjectivity, and susceptibility to human error. Addressing these challenges, this paper presents a novel, end-to-end automated method for PCI calculation, integrating deep learning and image processing technologies. The first stage employs a deep learning algorithm for accurate detection of pavement cracks, followed by the application of a segmentation-based skeleton algorithm in image processing to estimate crack width precisely. This integrated approach enhances the assessment process, providing a more comprehensive evaluation of pavement integrity. The validation results demonstrate a 95% accuracy in crack detection and 90% accuracy in crack width estimation. Leveraging these results, the automated PCI rating is achieved, aligned with standards, showcasing significant improvements in the efficiency and reliability of PCI evaluations. This method offers advancements in pavement maintenance strategies and potential applications in broader road infrastructure management.

Q Fever-Associated Chorioretinitis.

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent in Q fever, a zoonotic disease. Ocular manifestations of this disease are extremely rare and have been infrequently reported. In this report, we describe a rare case of chorioretinitis in a patient incompletely treated for Q fever. We highlight the unique ocular manifestation with multimodal imaging, and the importance of a thorough history and prompt and correct treatment of the disease with systemic therapy. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2024;55:xx-xx.].

Halide Ion Mixing across Colloidal 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites: Implication of Spacer Ligand on Mixing Kinetics.

Halide ion exchange seen in metal halide perovskites provide a substantial opportunity to control their halide composition and corresponding optoelectronic properties. Halide ion mixing across colloidal 3D perovskite nanocrystals have been extensively studied while the mixing within colloidal 2D counterparts remain underexplored. In this study, the halide ion exchange kinetics across colloidally stable 2D Ruddlesden-Popper layered bromide (Br) and iodide (I) perovskites using two different spacer ligands such as aromatic phenethylammonium (PEA) versus linear butyammonium (BA) is demonstrated. The halide exchange kinetic rate constant (k), as determined by tracking time-dependent absorbance changes, indicates that Br/I halide mixing in 2D PEA-based perovskites (2.7 × 10-3 min-1 ) occurs at an order of magnitude slower than in 2D BA-based perovskites (3.3 × 10-2 min-1 ). Concentration (≈1 mM to 100 mM) and temperature-dependent (50 to 80 °C) kinetic studies further allow for the determination of activation barrier for halide ion mixing across the 2D layered perovskites with 75.2 ± 4.4 kJ mol-1 (2D PEA) and 57.8 ± 7.8 kJ mol-1 (2D BA), respectively. The activation energy reveals that the type of spacer cations plays a crucial role in controlling the halide ion mobility and halide stability due mainly to the internal ligand chemical interaction within 2D structures.

Long-term implantable ventricular assist device support in children.

BACKGROUND: In pediatrics, implantable continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (IC-VAD) are often used as a "temporary" support, bridging children to cardiac transplantation during the same hospital admission. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of our consecutive patients undergoing IC-VAD support at a tertiary pediatric heart center between 2008 and 2022. RESULTS: We identified 100 IC-VAD implant encounters: HeartWare HVAD (67; 67%), HeartMate II (17; 17%), and HeartMate 3 (16; 16%). The median (range) age, weight, and body surface area at implantation were 14.1 (3.0-56.5) years, 54.8 (13.3-140) kg, and 1.6 (0.6-2.6) m2, respectively. Cardiomyopathy (58; 58%) was the most common etiology, followed by congenital heart disease (37; 37%, including 13 single ventricle). At 6 months of IC-VAD support, 94 (94%) encounters achieved positive outcomes: ongoing support (59; 59%), transplant (33; 33%), and cardiac recovery (2; 2%). Eighty-two encounters (82%) resulted in home discharge with ongoing VAD support, including 38 (46%, out of 82) requiring readmission and 7 (9%, out of 82) resulting in death. There was a clinically significant decrease in morbidity rates before versus after home discharge: bleeding (1.55 vs 0.06), infection (0.84 vs 0.37), and stroke (0.84 vs 0.15 event per patient-year). Overall, 86 encounters (86%) reached positive end points at the latest follow-up (64 transplant, 15 ongoing support, and 7 recovery). Infection (29%; 4 of 14) was the most common cause of negative outcomes, followed by cerebrovascular accident (21%; 3), and unresolved frailty (21%; 3). The estimated overall survival at 1, 2, and 5 years was 90%, 86%, and 77%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the feasibility of outpatient management of pediatric IC-VAD support. The ability to offer true long-term support maximizes the potential of IC-VAD support, not limited to a temporary bridging tool for heart transplantation.

Dual-Emissive Mn-Doped Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals as Background-Suppressed Latent Fingerprint Detection Probes.

Diverse strategies have been developed to visualize latent fingerprints (LFPs) that are undetectable by the naked eye. Among them, fluorescence-based approaches have emerged as an attractive method for enabling high-resolution LFP imaging. However, the use of fluorescent probes for LFP detection remains challenging due to cumbersome processing, low selectivity, and high background interference. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient, sensitive, and background-free LFP detection with dual-color emission arising from manganese (Mn)-doped lead halide perovskite (CsPb(Cl1-yBry)3) nanocrystals (NCs). The resulting bright, fluorescent, solid-state nanopowder (NP) permits the visualization of LFP ridge structures and the resolution of level 1-3 LFP features. The dual-color emission of the Mn-doped perovskite NP provides a simple, robust, and effective route to overcome background interference, thereby increasing the resolution and sensitivity of the LFP detection. The combination of the high quantum efficiency and dual emission of Mn-doped perovskite NP offers great potential for forensic science.

How Chemical Bonding Impacts Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Growth to Bulk Films: Implication of Pb-X Bond on Growth Kinetics.

Lead halide perovskites nanocrystals have emerged as a leading candidate in perovskite solar cells and light-emitting diodes. Given their favorable, tunable optoelectronic properties through modifying the size of nanocrystals, it is imperative to understand and control the growth of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals. However, during the nanocrystal growth into bulk films, the effect of halide bonding on growth kinetics remains elusive. To understand how a chemical bonding of Pb-X (covalency and ionicity) impact on growth of nanocrystals, we have examined two different halide perovskite nanocrystals of CsPbCl3 (more ionic) and CsPbI3 (more covalent) derived from the same parent CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. Tracking the growth of nanocrystals by monitoring the spectral features of bulk peaks (at 445 nm for Cl and at 650 nm for I) enables us to determine the growth activation energy to be 92 kJ/mol (for CsPbCl3 ) versus 71 kJ/mol (for CsPbI3 ). The electronegativity of halides in Pb-X bonds governs the bond strength (150-240 kJ/mol), characteristics of bonding (ionic versus covalent), and growth kinetics and resulting activation energies. A fundamental understanding of Pb-X bonding provides a significant insight into controlling the size of the perovskite nanocrystals with more desired optoelectronic properties.

Pediatric Ophthalmology Scope of Practice.

PURPOSE: To determine practice patterns of pediatric ophthalmologists with respect to types of medical conditions cared for and age of patients treated due to limited data regarding pediatric ophthalmologists' scope of practice. METHODS: A survey was sent to 1408 international and United States members of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) membership through the group's internet listserv. Responses were collated and analyzed. RESULTS: Ninety members (6.4%) responded. 89% of respondents confine their practices to pediatric ophthalmology and adult strabismus. The percentages of respondents who provide primary surgical and medical treatment of the following conditions include 68% for ptosis and anterior orbital lesions, 49% for cataracts, 38% for uveitis, 25% for retinopathy of prematurity, 19% for glaucoma, and 7% for retinoblastoma. For conditions other than strabismus, 59% restrict their practice to patients less than 21 years of age. CONCLUSION: Pediatric ophthalmologists provide primary medical and surgical care for children with a wide variety of ocular conditions, including complex disorders. Awareness of this variety of practice might prove beneficial in encouraging residents to consider careers in pediatric ophthalmology. Consequently, fellowship education in pediatric ophthalmology should include exposure to these areas.

Ocular complications of plasma cell dyscrasias.

Plasma cell dyscrasias are a wide range of severe monoclonal gammopathies caused by pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells that over-secrete an abnormal monoclonal antibody. These disorders are associated with various systemic findings, including ophthalmological disorders. A search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane databases was performed in March 2021 to examine evidence pertaining to ocular complications in patients diagnosed with plasma cell dyscrasias. This review outlines the ocular complications associated with smoldering multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, plasmacytomas, multiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, systemic amyloidosis, Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal gammopathy and Skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, and cryoglobulinemia. Although, the pathological mechanisms are not completely elucidated yet, wide-ranging ocular presentations have been identified over the years, evolving both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Moreover, the presenting symptoms also help in early diagnosis in asymptomatic patients. Therefore, it is imperative for the treating ophthalmologist and oncologist to maintain a high clinical suspicion for identifying the ophthalmological signs and diagnosing the underlying disease, preventing its progression through efficacious treatment strategies.

Ventricular assist device support for failing Glenn circulation: Impact of concomitant Fontan completion in select patients.

BACKGROUND: Ventricular assist device (VAD) support for failing Glenn circulation represents a unique challenge. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of clinical outcomes in patients with VAD support for failing Glenn circulation between 2010 and 2020 at a tertiary pediatric institution. RESULTS: Ten patients were included: INTERMACS profiles were 1 in 3 patients and 2 in 7 patients. The median age, weight, and body surface area were 3.2 years, 13.0 kg, and 0.5 m2, respectively. Seven patients (70%) were implanted with continuous-flow devices and 3 with para-corporeal devices. Nine patients (90%) received heart transplant, with a median support duration of 77 days. Four (67%) out of 6 patients supported with discharge-capable devices were managed as outpatients. Post-transplant survival was 100%, with a median (range) follow up duration of 3.5 (1.8-11.9) years. There were 3 neurologic complications in 3 patients (0.9 events per patient-year); 2 intraoperative events (fatal hypoxia and symptomatic embolic stroke) and 1 postoperative (asymptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage). Pump thrombosis occurred in one patient (0.3 events per patient-year), requiring pump exchange at day 65. Five patients (50%) received concomitant Fontan completion (fenestrated in 1). The Fontan-upgraded patients (vs Glenn) tended to be larger (median (range): 15.9 (12.6-22.9) vs 9.1 (7.7-22.8) kg), older (4.7 (3.1-6.5) vs 1.1 (0.9-10.1) years) and had a higher PaO2/FiO2 ratio (192 (52-336) vs 76 (59-78) mm Hg) on postoperative day 1. CONCLUSION: Our experience suggests the feasibility of durable VAD support for failing Glenn circulation. Concomitant Fontan completion may be considered in select patients to improve oxygen delivery.

Outcomes of temporary ventricular assist device: A pediatric institutional experience over 25 years.

BACKGROUND: There are scarce data describing outcomes of pediatric temporary ventricular assist device support. METHODS: A retrospective single-center study was conducted to review clinical outcomes of all consecutive patients with temporary ventricular assist device between 1996 and 2021. Given the complex clinical course in some patients requiring multiple temporary ventricular assist device runs, outcome analysis was based on "encounters" (hospitalizations with temporary ventricular assist device, regardless of the number of devices used). RESULTS: In total, 126 temporary ventricular assist devices were implanted in 108 patients, resulting in a total of 114 encounters: 70 (61%) extracorporeal centrifugal pumps and 44 (39%) catheter-based axial pumps. The median (range) age and weight at temporary ventricular assist device implant were 10.1 years (1 day to 42.8 years) and 33.6 (2.5-128) kg, respectively. Underlying etiologies of cardiac dysfunction were cardiomyopathy (34, 30%), cardiac transplant graft dysfunction (29, 25%), congenital heart disease (23, 20%; 9 single ventricle), myocarditis (22, 19%), and other (6, 5%). Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support Profile was 1 in 75 (66%) and 2 in 39 (34%). Support configuration was left ventricular assist device (104, including 9 systemic ventricular assist devices), right ventricular assist device (5), and biventricular assist device (5). The median (range) support duration was 6 (1-61) days. Overall, 97 (85%) encounters reached a positive primary end point: bridge-to-recovery (55), bridge-to-bridge (31), and bridge-to-transplant directly with temporary ventricular assist device (11). Seventeen (15%) encounters resulted in death during temporary ventricular assist device support: multiorgan failure (12), stroke (4), and cardiac arrest (1). The 6-month survivals with catheter-based axial pumps and extracorporeal centrifugal pumps were 84% (95% confidence interval, 74-96) and 67% (95% confidence interval, 57-79), respectively (P = .08). The 1- and 5-year survivals of 82 hospital survivors were 90% and 84%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests temporary ventricular assist device support is feasible in children with favorable outcomes.

Predictive Factors of Outcomes in Kahook Dual Blade Excisional Goniotomy Combined with Phacoemulsification.

Aim: To identify factors that were significant predictors of Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) excisional goniotomy outcomes. Materials and methods: One hundred and thirty-two eyes from 99 adult glaucoma patients who underwent combined KDB and phacoemulsification (KDB-phaco) with a minimum 6-month follow-up were assessed for baseline patient characteristics to determine correlation to the success of KDB-phaco at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Success was defined as ≥20% intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction or ≥1 medication reduction as well as IOP ≤18 mm Hg without any additional IOP-lowering procedures after KDB-phaco. Results: 63.6% (84/132) and 46.1% (41/89) of cases were successful at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups, respectively. KDB-phaco reduced patient's preoperative IOP (in mm Hg) from 17.6 ± 4.6 to 14.9 ± 3.2 at 6 months (15.3%, p < 0.001) and 15.4 ± 4.7 at 12 months (12.5%, p = 0.001). KDB-phaco reduced patient's preoperative IOP-lowering medications from 2 ± 1.2 to 1.1 ± 1.2 at 6 months (45%, p < 0.001) and 1.32 ± 1.3 at 12 months (34%, p < 0.001). At 6 months, patients on >1 IOP lowering medication had a greater chance of meeting our success criteria (p = 0.037). Visually significant postoperative hyphema was not associated with the use of anticoagulation (p = 0.943) but was significantly associated with postoperative day 1 IOP ≤ 10 mm Hg (p = 0.011). Conclusion: Patients who underwent KDB-phaco significantly reduced their IOP and medication burden at both 6 and 12 months compared with their baseline preoperative values. KDB-phaco outcome was associated with higher baseline IOP-lowering medications and increased rate of hyphema was associated with lower postoperative day 1 IOP, regardless of anticoagulation status. Age, ethnicity, prior laser trabeculoplasty, type and severity of glaucoma, and baseline preoperative IOP were not associated with surgical success. Clinical significance: Patients with a higher number of baseline medications may experience a greater probability of success following KDB-phaco. How to cite this article: Pratte EL, Cho J, Landreneau JR, et al. Predictive Factors of Outcomes in Kahook Dual Blade Excisional Goniotomy Combined with Phacoemulsification. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2022;16(1):47-52.

Netarsudil as a Predictor of Response for MicroPulse Transscleral Laser Therapy: A Pilot Study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the role of netarsudil as an outcome predictor of MicroPulse transscleral laser therapy (MPTLT). DESIGN: Retrospective comparative study. SUBJECTS: Forty-seven eyes in 33 adult patients with glaucoma with a minimum of 1 month of follow-up after netarsudil treatment and 3 months of follow-up after MPTLT were included. Eyes receiving intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering procedures in the interim were excluded. INTERVENTION: Ophthalmic eyedrops of netarsudil at 0.02%, followed by MPTLT treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation of success between netarsudil and MPTLT. Netarsudil success was defined as an IOP reduction ≥ 20% from baseline, whereas MPTLT success was defined as an IOP reduction ≥ 20% without additional IOP-lowering medications. Secondary outcomes included success rates, mean IOP reduction, adverse effects after each treatment, and netarsudil discontinuation rate. RESULTS: We found a positive correlation between the netarsudil response and the subsequent MPTLT response (odds ratio, 3.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-13.24; P = 0.041). Among netarsudil responders, 73.7% (14/19) of eyes subsequently responded to MPTLT, whereas among netarsudil nonresponders, 42.8% (12/28) of eyes subsequently responded to MPTLT (P = 0.037). From netarsudil, 44.4% of eyes were successful; from MPTLT, 55.3% of eyes were successful. The mean IOP reductions were 2.83 ± 5.74 mmHg from netarsudil and 3.15 ± 6.43 mmHg from MPTLT. Overall, the rate of netarsudil discontinuation was 55.3%. The most common reasons for netarsudil discontinuation were adverse effects (48.9%), followed by high cost (19.1%). The most common adverse effects to netarsudil were conjunctival hyperemia (48.9%) and blurred vision (8.5%). There were no adverse events reported after MPTLT. After MPTLT, 29.8% of eyes required additional IOP-lowering procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The netarsudil response may serve as a predictive marker of the MPTLT response, with over 70% of netarsudil responders subsequently responding favorably to MPTLT in this study.

Successful Treatment of Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced Necrotizing Retinitis with Intravitreous Ganciclovir, Foscarnet, and Methotrexate.

This is a report of an immunocompromised 49-year-old renal transplant patient with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced necrotizing retinitis (NR). The patient with NR underwent diagnostic vitrectomy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the vitreous fluid was positive for EBV (25,000 IU/mL) and negative for all other organisms. The patient was treated with intravitreous ganciclovir and foscarnet. After only mild clinical improvement in retinitis and an increased quantitative EBV PCR (69,000 IU/mL), intravitreous methotrexate was added to the aforementioned intravitreous antiviral injections. After eight rounds of ganciclovir/foscarnet and three injections of methotrexate, the NR resolved, the quantitative EBV PCR decreased to 29 IU/mL, and the patient's visual acuity improved. To our knowledge, this is only the second case report to demonstrate efficacy of intravitreous methotrexate in an immunocompromised patient with EBV-induced NR. Intravitreous methotrexate combined with ganciclovir and foscarnet may be an effective treatment strategy for patients with PCR-positive EBV-induced NR that does not respond to conventional antiviral therapy.

Dataset of ligand-controlled synthesis of CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets.

Lead halide perovskites nanocrystals have emerged as next-generation materials in the application of photovoltaics and various optoelectronics owing to the controllable optoelectronic properties (achieved through varying the dimensionality and composition of the materials). The design and control to obtain the desirable optoelectronic properties of the halide perovskite nanocrystals, thus, remain paramount importance. The synthesis and stabilization of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) nanoplatelets through ligand-assisted reprecipitation protocol (LARP) can indeed enable the manipulation of the layer thickness over the resulting nanoplatelets. Herein, we have elucidated the role of ligand concentration and chain length effect on the crystal growth and mapped how these parameters affect the layer thickness (and crystal growth kinetics) of the corresponding nanoplatelets. Complex mapping the evolution of the average layer thickness of the CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets provide a detailed perspective of the crystal growth with ligand shell assembly. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images directly measurable for the thickness of nanoplatelets along with photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy have been employed to determinate of the thickness of the nanoplatelets exhibiting thickness-dependent optical properties with different layer thickness nanoplatelets.

CsPbBr3-CdS heterostructure: stabilizing perovskite nanocrystals for photocatalysis.

The instability of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) nanocrystals (NCs) in polar solvents has hampered their use in photocatalysis. We have now succeeded in synthesizing CsPbBr3-CdS heterostructures with improved stability and photocatalytic performance. While the CdS deposition provides solvent stability, the parent CsPbBr3 in the heterostructure harvests photons to generate charge carriers. This heterostructure exhibits longer emission lifetime (τ ave = 47 ns) than pristine CsPbBr3 (τ ave = 7 ns), indicating passivation of surface defects. We employed ethyl viologen (EV2+) as a probe molecule to elucidate excited state interactions and interfacial electron transfer of CsPbBr3-CdS NCs in toluene/ethanol mixed solvent. The electron transfer rate constant as obtained from transient absorption spectroscopy was 9.5 × 1010 s-1 and the quantum efficiency of ethyl viologen reduction (Φ EV+˙) was found to be 8.4% under visible light excitation. The Fermi level equilibration between CsPbBr3-CdS and EV2+/EV+˙ redox couple has allowed us to estimate the apparent conduction band energy of the heterostructure as -0.365 V vs. NHE. The insights into effective utilization of perovskite nanocrystals built around a quasi-type II heterostructures pave the way towards effective utilization in photocatalytic reduction and oxidation processes.

Photoinduced Halide Segregation in Ruddlesden-Popper 2D Mixed Halide Perovskite Films.

2D lead halide perovskites, which exhibit bandgap tunability and increased chemical stability, have been found to be useful for designing optoelectronic devices. Reducing dimensionality with decreasing number of layers (n = 10-1) also imparts resistance to light-induced ion migration as seen from the halide ion segregation and dark recovery in mixed halide (Br:I = 50:50) perovskite films. The light-induced halide ion segregation efficiency, as determined from difference absorbance spectra, decreases from 20% to <1% as the dimensionality is decreased for 2D perovskite film from n = 10 to 1. The segregation rate constant (ksegregation ), which decreases from 5.9 × 10-3  s-1 (n = 10) to 3.6 × 10-4  s-1 (n = 1), correlates well with nearly an order of magnitude decrease observed in charge-carrier lifetime (τaverage  = 233 ps for n = 10 vs τavg  = 27 ps for n = 1). The tightly bound excitons in 2D perovskites make charge separation less probable, which in turn decreases the halide mobility and resulting phase segregation. The importance of controlling the dimensionality of the 2D architecture in suppressing halide ion mobility is discussed.

Mixed or Segregated: Toward Efficient and Stable Mixed Halide Perovskite-Based Devices.

Convenient modulation of bandgap for the mixed halide perovskites (MHPs) (e.g., CsPbBr x I1-x ) through varying the halide composition (i.e., the ratio of bromide to iodide) allows for optimizing the light-harvesting properties in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and emission color in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Such MHPs, yet, severely suffered from the instability under light irradiation and electrical bias as a result of an intrinsic soft, ionic lattice and a high halide ion mobility. Understanding the halide ion migration (mediated through halide vacancies) and suppressing the halide ion segregation, thus, remain a significant challenge both in the field of PSCs and PeLEDs since it is directly linked to the long-term stability and performances of the corresponding devices. In this Mini-Review, we discuss the intrinsic instability of the MHPs arising from the ionic nature of perovskites. The liquid crystalline properties with the low formation energy of halide ion defects facilitate the defect-mediated halide ion migration. Several different mechanistic models are provided to explain the fundamental origin of the photo- or electric field-driven halide ion segregation based upon thermodynamics and kinetics. These reflect that lattice strains (internal or polaron-induced) and bandgap energy differences between parent mixed halide and iodide-rich domain serve as the thermodynamic driving forces for halide segregation. On the basis of the deeper understanding of the underpinning segregation mechanism mediated through hole trapping and accumulation at the iodide-rich sites, we further discuss the strategies to mitigate the detrimental halide segregation through composition-, defect-, dimension-, and interface-engineering. Finally, we provide a fundamental insight into designing perovskite-based photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices for the long-term operational stability.

Highly stable cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals for ultra-sensitive and selective latent fingerprint detection.

Latent fingerprints (LFPs) are one of the most important forms of evidence in crime scenes due to the uniqueness and permanence of the friction ridges in fingerprints. Therefore, an efficient method to detect LFPs is crucial in forensic science. However, there remain several challenges with traditional detection strategies including low sensitivity, low contrast, high background, and complicated processing steps. In order to overcome these drawbacks, we present an approach for developing latent fingerprints using stabilized CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) as solid-state nanopowders. We demonstrate the superior optical stability of CsPbBr3 NCs with respect to absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and fluorescence lifetime. We then used these highly stable, fluorescent CsPbBr3 NCs as a powder dusting material to develop LFPs on diverse surfaces. The stable optical properties and hydrophobic surface of the CsPbBr3 NC nanopowder permitted high resolution images from which unique features of friction ridge arrangements with first, second, and third-level LFP details can be obtained within minutes.