Self-Powered Visible-Invisible Multiband Detection and Imaging Achieved Using High-Performance 2D MoTe2/MoS2 Semivertical Heterojunction Photodiodes.

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures herald new opportunities for conducting fundamental studies of new physical/chemical phenomena and developing diverse nanodevice applications. In particular, vdW heterojunction p-n diodes exhibit great potential as high-performance photodetectors, which play a key role in many optoelectronic applications. Here, we report on 2D MoTe2/MoS2 multilayer semivertical vdW heterojunction p-n diodes and their optoelectronic application in self-powered visible-invisible multiband detection and imaging. Our MoTe2/MoS2 p-n diode exhibits an excellent electrical performance with an ideality factor of less than 1.5 and a high rectification (ON/OFF) ratio of more than 104. In addition, the photodiode exhibits broad spectral photodetection capability over the range from violet (405 nm) to near-infrared (1310 nm) wavelengths and a remarkable linear dynamic range of 130 dB within an optical power density range of 10-5 to 1 W/cm2 in the photovoltaic mode. Together with these favorable static photoresponses and electrical behaviors, very fast photo- and electrical switching behaviors are clearly observed with negligible changes at modulation frequencies greater than 100 kHz. In particular, inspired by the photoswitching results for periodic red (638 nm) and near-infrared (1310 nm) illumination at 100 kHz, we successfully demonstrate a prototype self-powered visible-invisible multiband image sensor based on the MoTe2/MoS2 p-n photodiode as a pixel. Our findings can pave the way for more advanced developments in optoelectronic systems based on 2D vdW heterostructures.

One-handed revolving technique for soft cataract extraction.

This study describes a new one-handed revolving technique for soft cataract extraction. Following hydrodissection, the endonucleus is removed piecemeal while the lens is rotated using a phaco tip. A peripheral groove is created in the 6 o'clock direction and, after lens rotation through 180° using the phaco tip, another 6 o'clock groove is created. After a further 90° of lens rotation, the residual plate is readily flipped over and emulsified. The entire procedure requires only a phaco tip; it is not necessary to create a corneal side port or use any instrument.

Reversible cataract after exposure to distilled water: a case report.

BACKGROUND: To report a case of a reversible cataract after intracameral infusion of distilled water during full-thickness astigmatic keratotomy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 20-year-old male whose bilateral anterior chambers were exposed to distilled water during astigmatic keratotomy developed bilateral corneal edema, inflammation of the anterior chambers, and an anterior subcapsular cataract in the right eye. After 1 month of topical administration of 0.1% prednisolone acetate and 5% NaCl, the bilateral inflammation of the cornea and anterior chambers cleared; endothelial cell density decreased by 41.1% in the right eye and 12.7% in the left eye. The cataract in the right eye decreased centripetally. Small incision lenticule extraction surgery was performed at 2 months after the astigmatic keratotomy; the patient's uncorrected distance visual acuity 3 months later was 20/25 in both eyes. CONCLUSIONS: This case suggests that a cataract that develops as a result of instantaneous intracameral exposure to distilled water is reversible.

A Pathophysiological Validation of Collagenase II-Induced Biochemical Osteoarthritis Animal Model in Rabbit.

BACKGROUND: Current dilemma working with surgically-induced OA (osteoarthritis) model include inconsistent pathological state due to various influence from surrounding tissues. On the contrary, biochemical induction of OA using collagenase II has several advantageous points in a sense that it does not involve surgery to induce model and the extent of induced cartilage degeneration is almost uniform. However, concerns still exists because biochemical OA model induce abrupt destruction of cartilage tissues through enzymatic digestion in a short period of time, and this might accompany systemic inflammatory response, which is rather a trait of RA (rheumatoid arthritis) than being a trait of OA. METHODS: To clear the concern about the systemic inflammatory response that might be caused by abrupt destruction of cartilage tissue, OA was induced to only one leg of an animal and the other leg was examined to confirm the presence of systemic degenerative effect. RESULTS: Although the cartilage tissues were rapidly degenerated during short period of time upon biochemical induction of OA, they did not accompanied with RA-like process based on the histology data showing degeneration of articular cartilage occurred only in the collagenase-injected knee joint. Scoring evaluation data indicated that the cartilage tissues in non-induced joint remained intact. Neutrophil count transiently increase between day 8 and day 16, and there were no significant change in other complete blood count profile showing a characteristics of OA disease. CONCLUSION: These study shows that biochemically induced cartilage degeneration truly represented uniform and reliable OA state.

Management of incision failure during small incision lenticule extraction because of conjunctivochalasis.

PURPOSE: We report a case of incision failure during small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and its management. OBSERVATIONS: The incision could not be made using the femtosecond laser because of a redundant conjunctiva, so it was instead done manually using a diamond knife. The lenticule was successfully separated and extracted. Three months after the procedure, the uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 and no complication was observed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE: This case demonstrates that the conjunctiva should be carefully examined before SMILE. If a complication occurs because of conjunctivochalasis, it can be resolved with proper management without compromising the patient's visual acuity.

Small-incision lenticule extraction in a patient with congenital nystagmus.

We report a case of a 23-year-old woman with congenital nystagmus who had small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedure to correct refractive errors. The manifest refraction was -5.50 -1.75 × 180 in the right eye, -5.0 -2.50 × 180 in the left eye, and the patient presented with horizontal pendular nystagmus with an amplitude range of 5 to 10 degrees. Uneventful simultaneous bilateral small-incision lenticule extraction was performed. Six months postoperatively, the uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/18 with -0.25, -0.25 × 80 in the right eye, and 20/20 with +0.25 -0.5 × 50 in the left eye. The case suggests that small-incision lenticule extraction can be an effective alternative for correcting myopic astigmatism in patients with nystagmus.

Chung's swing technique: a new technique for small-incision lenticule extraction.

BACKGROUND: To introduce the Chung's swing technique for small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). METHODS: A total of 112 eyes of 56 patients were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: 52 eyes of 26 patients were treated with SMILE using a traditional method (traditional group) and 60 eyes of 30 patients were treated with SMILE using the Chung's swing technique (swing group). RESULTS: At 1 month postoperatively, all eyes in both groups had an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better. The efficacy indices were 1.09 ± 0.17 and 1.02 ± 0.11 (p = 0.492), and the safety indices were 1.12 ± 0.14 and 1.09 ± 0.15 (p = 0.537), for the traditional and swing group, respectively. All eyes in both groups underwent successful lenticule extraction; all lenticules were intact and complete. The mean lenticule extraction times were 48.67 ± 4.9 and 39.8 ± 5.53 s, for the traditional and swing group, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Chung's swing technique is efficient for lenticule separation and extraction. Our study results showed good clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: KCT0001978 . Registered 22 July 2016. Retrospectively registered.