Survivin, cyclin D1, and p21hras in keratocystic odontogenic tumors before and after decompression.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate survivin, cyclin D1, and p21hras expression in keratocystic odontogenic tumors before and after decompression, as well as in pericoronal follicles. A potential correlation between the expression levels of these proteins was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed eighteen keratocystic tumors treated by decompression and subsequent enucleation along with seven pericoronal follicles using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Keratocystic tumor samples, both before and after decompression, were positive for each of the investigated proteins. In pericoronal follicles, survivin exhibited cytoplasmic staining in contrast to nuclear staining in keratocystic tumors. Cyclin D1 expression was negative in pericoronal follicles, and p21hras expression was similar in both groups. Survivin showed significantly higher expression after decompression, while cyclin D1 and p21hras remained unchanged (P = 0.039, P = 0.255, P = 0.913, respectively). There was no correlation between these proteins neither before nor after decompression. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of the study, we can conclude that following decompression, keratocystic odontogenic tumors preserve distinct immunohistochemical profiles of cyclin D1 and p21hras expression, despite substantial reduction in size of the lesions. Significant increase of survivin expression after decompression might be attributed to higher level of epithelial proliferation caused by this procedure.

[Pathophysiological mechanism of the developing radicular cyst of the jaw].

The radicular cysts are result of inflammatory process in the periapical tissues associated with necrotic and infected pulps. Humoral and cellular immune responses play a central role in the pathogenesis of these lesions. The most important role in the growth of these lesion have proinflammatore cytokine TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6. Cytokine can be secreted by macrophages, monocytes and other cells of the immune system and can participate in skeletal homeostasis including osteoclastic formation, and bone resorption in maxillofacial region. The aim of this study is to give a consise rewiew for mechanism of growth of maxilofacial radicular cysts, indicated of clinical aspect, as well as expalined role of cytokine in this pathophysiology process.

The concentration of TNF-alpha correlate with number of inflammatory cells and degree of vascularization in radicular cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To correlate values of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) depending on the count of inflammatory cells with degree of vascularization in cystic fluid of radicular cysts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We investigated TNF-alpha concentration in 43 radicular cysts obtained from patients undergoing surgery, under local anaesthesia, and after aspiration of cystic fluid from non-ruptured cysts by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assay in respect of different clinical parameters as well as by histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS: Significantly higher concentration of TNF-alpha is associated with smaller radicular cysts, higher protein concentration in cystic fluid as well as with higher presence of inflammatory cells, and increased degree of vascularization in pericystic tissues and cyst wall thickness. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that determination of TNF-alpha in cystic fluid simultaneously with other parameters can be an additional parameter for clinical diagnosis of inflammed cysts.

Anthropology and history: the revaluation of history in anthropological research.

The main premise of this paper is that the accepted view of history based on written documents (historiography) is marked by hierarchical ordering and evaluation implicit in it. The paper examines the context of the negation of history, and the revaluation of history in anthropological research. The lack of written documents concerning particular social groups on the internal plane, but also particular nations (ethnic groups) on the global plane, earned them the name of "nations (groups) without history". This criterion of historicity--the existence of a writing system and written documents--implies the hypothesis about the inferiority of those nations and groups. The attributes of history seen in this way are modernity, linearity and cumulativeness. This system implies ethnocentrism based on a twofold negation: a) the negation history, and b) the negation of otherness. What we must not forget is that the symbolic universes are social products with a history, and in order to understand their meaning, one must understand the history of their production. It is very important to pay close attention to the historical practice of projecting our cultural practices onto others. The question of who determines the history and which views are presented to a particular audience is a matter of power and contest. contemporary history-oriented sociocultural anthropology focuses on the total reconstruction of the way of life and thinking in particular periods of history: on the everyday life. This brought together the intellectual traditions of "new history", ethnology, sociocultural anthropology and the sociology of culture. While modernism stresses the present change versus the static past, postmodernism denies the past ever being static and hypostatises fluidity and change as permanent condition. Postmodernism strives to undermine the old, Euro-centric notion that "we" have a history but "they" do not; it has also lead to social scientists' renewed interest in history.