CT features of malignant tubular genital tract tumors in seven goats.

Neoplasia of the tubular genital tract in goats, while rarely described, is most commonly reported as uterine adenocarcinoma, leiomyoma, or leiomyosarcoma. In this retrospective, single-center, case series, medical records were searched for goats with a computed tomography (CT) diagnosis of tubular genital mass and a definitive histologic (surgical biopsy or necropsy) diagnosis of malignant neoplasia. Data recorded from CT images were presence of peritoneal/retroperitoneal fluid, urinary tract obstruction, abdominal lymphadenomegaly, additional abdominal nodules/masses, and pulmonary nodules. For masses, maximum cross-sectional area, contrast enhancement, and uterine luminal fluid accumulation were also recorded. Seven goats met the inclusion criteria (leiomyosarcoma n = 5, adenocarcinoma n = 2). Both goats with adenocarcinoma had upper urinary tract obstruction, moderate to severe regional lymphadenopathy, peritoneal fluid, and peritoneal or hepatic nodules/masses; one goat with adenocarcinoma was discharged and subsequently euthanized, and the other had palliative mass debulking and was lost to follow up. Goats with leiomyosarcoma had infrequent, mild peritoneal fluid and mild sublumbar lymphadenopathy. Of the goats with leiomyosarcoma, two were euthanized at or near the time of CT imaging, two were euthanized at the time of surgery due to perceived mass non-resectability, and one had mass regression approximately four months post ovariohysterectomy but was subsequently lost to follow up. Five goats had pulmonary nodules, three of which had pathologic confirmation (pulmonary metastasis in a single patient with adenocarcinoma, and lungworm granulomas in two goats with leiomyosarcoma). Severe sublumbar lymphadenopathy and obstructive uropathy were sequelae in the two caprine patients with genital adenocarcinoma, and in none with leiomyosarcoma.

Ultrasonographic intestinal muscularis thickening in dogs with histologically confirmed inflammatory bowel disease: 13 cases (2010-2021).

Ultrasonographic intestinal muscularis thickening has not been described as an imaging feature of canine inflammatory bowel disease. In this retrospective case series, patients were identified by searching sonographic reports for "muscularis" and/or "muscular layer." Patients were included if small intestinal muscularis thickening was reported, and sonographic images and histopathological samples of the small intestine were available for review. Cases with small intestines nodules, masses, or complete loss of wall layering were excluded. Sonographic images were retrospectively evaluated for jejunal muscularis layer thickness, and ratios of intestinal layer measurements were performed. Histological samples were retrospectively reviewed. Thirteen dogs met inclusion criteria: all dogs had sonographic intestinal muscularis thickening relative to the submucosa (>1.0, range of 1.3-2.5), and most dogs had muscular layer thickness above normal published ranges (11/13; all 13/13 above the weight-specific mean). More than half of the patients had overall normal wall thickness (11/13) and several had normal mucosal echogenicity (6/13). Therefore, in some dogs, the only sonographic abnormality in the small intestine was muscularis thickening. No dogs had lymphadenomegaly. Endoscopic partial-thickness (n = 11, duodenum and/or ileum) or surgical full-thickness (n = 2) samples confirmed inflammatory bowel disease. Direct comparison between jejunum sonographic characteristics and histology features was limited due to both partial thickness biopsies and lack of direct comparison between anatomical locations of ultrasonographic assessment and biopsy site. However, no cases that met the inclusion criteria had normal small intestinal histology. Comparable to cats, dogs with ultrasonographic intestinal muscularis thickening may have inflammatory bowel disease, and further workup for enteropathy is indicated.

Idiopathic anomalous congenital band causing small intestinal obstruction in a 5-month-old dog.

A 5-month-old, intact male, yellow Labrador retriever was presented with a 24-hour history of anorexia and vomiting. Abdominal imaging revealed the presence of a mechanical obstruction in the jejunum and peritoneal effusion. Cytologic evaluation and culture of the effusion prior to surgery identified a suppurative exudate with bacteria consistent with septic peritonitis and suspected to be related to the intestinal lesion. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, and a segment of jejunum was circumferentially severely constricted by an off-white, fibrous band of tissue. Resection and anastomosis of the strangulated segment of jejunum and excision of the constricting band provided resolution of the clinical signs. The dog made a complete recovery. Histologic evaluation revealed the band to be composed of fibrovascular and smooth muscle tissue, consistent with an idiopathic anomalous congenital band. No other gastrointestinal lesions were observed, either grossly at surgery or histologically in the resected segment of intestine. To our knowledge, a similar structure has not been reported in the veterinary literature. Key clinical message: Developmental abnormalities should be included in the differential list for younger patients with signs suggestive of gastrointestinal obstruction.

Anneau congénital anormal idiopathique provoquant une occlusion de l'intestin grêle chez un chien de 5 mois. Un Labrador retriever intact mâle âgé de 5 mois a été présenté avec une histoire de 24 heures d'anorexie et de vomissements. L'imagerie abdominale a révélé la présence d'une obstruction mécanique du jéjunum et d'un épanchement péritonéal. L'évaluation cytologique et la culture de l'épanchement avant la chirurgie ont identifié un exsudat suppuré avec des bactéries compatibles avec une péritonite septique et suspectées d'être liées à la lésion intestinale. Une laparotomie exploratoire a été réalisée et un segment de jéjunum était sévèrement resserré sur toute sa circonférence par une bande de tissu fibreux de couleur blanc-cassé. La résection et l'anastomose du segment étranglé du jéjunum et l'excision de la bande constrictive ont permis la résolution des signes cliniques. Le chien s'est complètement rétabli. L'évaluation histologique a révélé que la bande était composée de tissu musculaire fibrovasculaire et lisse, compatible avec une bande congénitale anormale idiopathique. Aucune autre lésion gastro-intestinale n'a été observée, ni grossièrement à la chirurgie ni histologiquement dans le segment réséqué de l'intestin. A notre connaissance, une structure similaire n'a pas été rapportée dans la littérature vétérinaire.Message clinique clé :Les anomalies du développement doivent être incluses dans la liste différentielle des patients plus jeunes présentant des signes évoquant une occlusion gastro-intestinale.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

Computed tomographic diagnosis of necroulcerative reticulorumenitis with portal venous gas in a lamb.

A 2-month-old, intact male Merino sheep was presented for acute inappetence and pyrexia. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography identified reticulorumenal intramural gas with suspected ruminal ulceration, arborizing portal venous gas, and mild peritoneal fluid. The lamb was treated medically for presumptive ulcerative reticulorumenitis and non-septic peritonitis. Over 10 days, the lamb initially showed mild improvement before clinical deterioration and was ultimately euthanized. Definitive diagnosis of necrotizing, ulcerative reticulorumenitis was made via necropsy with histopathology. An underlying cause was not determined. Key clinical message: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was effective in identifying gastric emphysema and portal venous gas associated with reticuloruminal ulceration.

Diagnostic par tomodensitométrie d'une réticulo-ruménite nécro-ulcérative avec gaz veineux porte chez un agneau. Un mouton mérinos mâle intact, âgé de 2 mois, a été présenté pour une inappétence aiguë et une pyrexie. La tomodensitométrie abdominale de contraste augmentée a identifié du gaz intramural réticuloruménal avec une ulcération ruminale suspectée, du gaz veineux porte arborescent et un léger liquide péritonéal. L'agneau a été traité médicalement pour une réticulo-ruménite ulcéreuse présumée et une péritonite non-septique. Sur une période de 10 jours, l'agneau a d'abord montré une légère amélioration avant une détérioration clinique et a finalement été euthanasié. Le diagnostic définitif de réticulo-ruménite ulcéreuse nécrosante a été posé suite à la nécropsie et l'histopathologie. Une cause sous-jacente n'a pas été déterminée.Message clinique clé:La tomodensitométrie assistée par contraste s'est avérée efficace pour identifier l'emphysème gastrique et le gaz veineux porte associés à l'ulcération réticulo-ruminale.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

Subcutaneous herniation of fetuses after blunt force trauma in a cat.

CASE SUMMARY: A stray female domestic shorthair cat was presented to the emergency service after being hit by a car. The patient was recumbent and vocalizing, with a small wound over the right lateral thorax, and two palpably firm swellings in the right cervical and thoracic soft tissues. The patient was sedated and humanely euthanized to prevent further pain and suffering. Post-mortem whole-body radiographs and subsequent necropsy revealed abdominal wall rupture with herniation of two near-term fetuses within the subcutaneous tissues along the right ventrolateral thoracic wall and neck. Within the abdomen, the right uterine horn was ruptured and a third extra-luminal fetus was identified. The left uterine horn remained intact, containing a fourth fetus. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION: Rupture of the abdominal wall or diaphragm are well-known potential complications of blunt force trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents. While traumatic uterine rupture and diaphragmatic herniation of the gravid uterus have both been reported in the veterinary literature, abdominal wall rupture with subcutaneous fetal herniation is highly uncommon.