The Cancer of the Bladder Risk Assessment (COBRA) score accurately predicts cancer-specific survival after radical cystectomy: external validation and lymphovascular invasion assessment value to improve its performance.

The Cancer of the Bladder Risk Assessment (COBRA) score is a predictive tool for estimating Cancer Specific Survival (CSS) after Radical Cystectomy (RC) for urothelial carcinoma. COBRA score variables are: age at RC, Tumor stage and Lymph Node Density (LND). We sought to externally validate the COBRA score and to improve its performance in estimating CSS adding Lymphovascular Invasion (LVI) as a further variable (Modified COBRA score). Clinicopathological and survival data from 789 patients who underwent RC and Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection (PLND) between January 2007 and December 2020 in two European referral centers (Paris, France and Badalona, Spain) were analyzed. COBRA score was applied to our cohort and CSS Kaplan-Meier curves were performed. Univariable and Multivariable analysis was performed in order to identify risk factors for Cancer Specific Mortality (CSM) and a score was assigned for any statistically significant risk factor; afterward, c-index calculation was performed and CCS curves have been plotted for the model after having integrated LVI variable to the COBRA score. Finally, we compared both COBRA score and Modified COBRA score models with the established AJCC model. A total of 789 patients underwent RC during the observation period. Complete data were available for 731 patients with a median follow-up of 32 months (8-47). CSM was 27.6% (no. 218 patients) at follow-up. When COBRA score was applied to our cohort, c-index was 0.76. Regression COX analysis has shown HR 0.36, CI 95% (0.16-0.83), P = .016 for patients with COBRA score 1; HR 0, CI 95% (0-1.77), P =.94 for score 2; HR 0.51, CI 95% (0.39 -0.67), P =.001 for score 3; HR 1.67, CI 95% (1.23-2.27), P =.001 for score 4; HR 2.45, CI 95% (1.51-3.99), P =.001 for score 5; HR 2.01, CI 95% (1.42-2.85), P =.001 for score 6 and HR 0.66, CI 95% (0.09-4.73), P =.682 for score 7. When the LVI variable was added to the CSS predictive model the discriminatory power increased to a c-index of 0.78. COBRA score adequately identifies those patients with a higher risk of CSM, with a c-index of 0.76. Moreover, LVI variable further improves its predictive accuracy from c-index of 0.76 to c-index of 0.78. LVI variable could be integrated in the COBRA score to optimizing prognosis stratification for patients who undergo RC.

[Diet in the lithiasic patient: A practical guide.] / La dieta en el paciente litiásico:una guía práctica.

The incidence and prevalence of lithiasic disease in developed countries has increased over the last years. Being diet one of the risk factors for urolithiasis, and having it evolved in conjunction with lifestyle over the last decades, such changes could explain the increase in lithiasis case-load. In this article, we analyze how the exercise of the urologist has been regarding the preventive role of diet in the lithiasis patient, what are the scientific evidences on the relationship of diet and lithiasis, and, on this base, what general dietetic recommendations we can give currently to our patients.

La dieta en el paciente litiásico: una guía práctica / Diet in the lithiasic patient: A practical guide

La incidencia y prevalencia de la enfermedad litiásica en los países desarrollados ha aumentado en los últimos años. Debido a que la dieta es uno de los factores de riesgo de la urolitiasis, y tanto esta como el estilo de vida han evolucionado en las últimas décadas, dichos cambios podrían explicarnos el aumento en la causística de la litiasis renal. En el presente trabajo analizamos cuál ha sido el proceder del urólogo en cuanto al papel preventivo de la dieta en el paciente litiásico, qué evidencias científicas existen en cuanto a la relación entre dieta y litiasis y, en base a ello, qué recomendaciones generales dietéticas podemos dar actualmente a nuestros pacientes

The incidence and prevalence of lithiasic disease in developed countries has increased over the last years. Being diet one of the risk factors for urolithiasis, and having it evolved in conjunction with lifestyle over the last decades, such changes could explain the increase in lithiasis case-load. In this article, we analyze how the exercise of the urologist has been regarding the preventive role of diet in the lithiasis patient, what are the scientific evidences on the relationship of diet and lithiasis, and, on this base, what general dietetic recommendations we can give currently to our patients

Efectos secundarios de la administración de Mitomicina C intravesical: dermatitis por hipersensibilidad retardada / Dermatological side effects of intravesical Mitomycin C: Delayed hypersensitivity

OBJETIVO: Conocer los efectos secundarios dermatológicos del tratamiento con Mitomicina C endovesical en el cáncer de vejiga no músculo invasivo. MÉTODOS: Se describen dos casos de dermatitis palmo plantar durante dicho tratamiento. RESULTADO: Se describen dos tipos de etiopatogenia en dermatitis durante el tratamiento con Mitomicina C endovesical, dermatitis por contacto y dermatitis por hipersensibilidad retardada. CONCLUSIONES: La dermatitis por contacto de etiología no alérgica es un efecto secundario frecuente, se han descrito muchos casos en la literatura, por otro lado existe la dermatitis por mecanismo de hipersensibilidad retardada tipo IV es mucho menos frecuente y requiere tratamiento con corticoesteroides

OBJECTIVE: To know the dermatologic side effects of intravesical treatment with Mitomycin C in non muscle invasive bladder cancer. METHODS: We describe two cases of palm and plantar dermatitis after such treatment. RESULTS: We describe two types of dermatitis pathogenesis during treatment with intravesical Mitomycin C: contact dermatitis and delayed hypersensitivity dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS: Contact dermatitis of non-allergic origin is a common side effect described in many instances in the literature, on the other hand exists dermatitis secondary to delayed hypersensitivity type IV much less common, requiring treatment with corticosteroids