Sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data in dermatologic studies and opportunities for inclusion.

Dermatologists serve a vast array of patients with unique backgrounds. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) designated members of sexual and gender minorities as underrepresented in scholarly literature. Our study examines the past 10 years of studies published in highly-cited dermatologic journals, surveying each study for common data collection of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) in dermatological studies. We found representation of sexual and gender minorities to be increasing in dermatological studies but recommend that SOGI data be collected regularly just as any other common variable in dermatological patient studies.

Social Media as a Medium for Dermatologic Education.

Purpose of Review: We explore the utility of social media platforms as educational tools in dermatology, providing a summary of how these sites are used by the public and dermatologists alike, and demonstrating ways these findings may be applied for educational purposes. Recent Findings: Over half of the world's population utilizes social media platforms. More recently, these platforms have increasingly been used for educational purposes. In the field of dermatology, a large portion of the educational content is coming from users with no formal medical or dermatologic training. Summary: Each of the top five social media platforms in the world (Twitter, Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, and Facebook) has unique qualities which people may utilize to educate fellow users. As more of the population seeks online health information and education, it is important that dermatologists, while taking ethical considerations into account, become more comfortable facilitating educational content on social media.

PIWI-interacting RNAs: Mitochondria-based biogenesis and functions in cancer.

PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNAs), once thought to be mainly functioning in germlines, are now known to play an essential role in somatic and cancerous tissues. Ping-pong cycle initiation and mitochondria-based phased production constitute the core of the piRNA biogenesis and these two processes are well conserved in mammals, including humans. By being involved in DNA methylation, histone marker deposition, mRNA degradation, and protein modification, piRNAs also contribute to carcinogenesis partly due to oncogenic stress-induced piRNA dysregulation. Also, piRNAs play important roles in cancer stemness, drug resistance, and tumor immunology. Results from liquid biopsy analysis of piRNA can be used in both cancer diagnoses and cancer prognoses. A combination of targeting piRNA with other therapeutic strategies could be groundbreaking cancer treatment.

A Survey of Caregivers' Knowledge on Detection and Management of Pediatric Fever.

Introduction Fever is a common presenting symptom for children accounting for over 20% of visits to the emergency department (ED). The symptom of fever in children has been shown to create undue anxiety amongst caregivers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate caregivers' detection and management of pediatric fevers to identify potential knowledge gaps in our patient population. Methods Caregivers of children aged 3 months to 12 years presenting to an urban, Level I trauma center with various complaints (not limited to fever) were surveyed using an 11-question paper questionnaire. All data was collected anonymously, then correlated and analyzed using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA). The questionnaire elicited information regarding home detection, management, timeframe and location to seek care, and caregiver concerns surrounding fever. Results A total of 276 caregiver responses were collected. Overall, 90.9% of subjects had a thermometer at home but the method of taking a temperature ranged. In regards to the caregivers' definition of fever, 44.4% defined a fever to be at or above 38℃ when measured. When seeking care for a fever, 41% waited less than 24 hours with only 12% waiting more than 48 hours. Many caregivers utilized their pediatrician (45.3%) for fever evaluation, but a large group utilized the ED (26.8%). Dehydration was their most common concern, with seizures, worsening infection, brain damage, and death as the additional reported fears. Conclusion Our study found caregiver knowledge gaps in the identification of fever as well as specific concerns that fever would lead to dehydration and severe infection. These concerns lead to seeking care very early in a child's illness in both the emergency department and pediatrician's office. This presents an opportunity for further caregiver education to decrease or alter the timing or location of care sought in a pediatric febrile illness.