Aplicativo móvel ''Fala nova, treino fácil'': inovação no tratamento de fala na fissura labiopalatina / Mobile application '' New speech, easy training '': innovation in the treatment of cleft palate speech

Introdução: durante a fonoterapia para alterações de fala na fissura labiopalatina, há necessidade de estratégias que motivem o paciente promovendo adesão ao tratamento. Aplicativos de dispositivos móveis são uma importante ferramenta para este fim. Objetivo: desenvolver um aplicativo que auxilie na execução dos treinos e o uso do novo padrão de fala de pacientes com fissura labiopalatina. Métodos: a criação e a execução de um aplicativo de dispositivo móvel foram planejadas pela equipe de Fonoaudiologia que elegeu as opções que auxiliariam no processo terapêutico como: cadastrar lista de exercícios, inserir alertas para uso do novo padrão de fala e apresentar lista dos exercícios realizados. Já a equipe de computação realizou elaborou e aprimorou o sistema, levantou e organizou requisitos iniciais e genéricos, planejou o desenvolvimento e uso dos recursos (hardware e software). Resultados: o aplicativo desenvolvido para o sistema android e foi denominado ''Fala nova, treino fácil''. Para sua utilização o paciente deve fazer download do aplicativo na "play store''. A primeira tela do aplicativo apresenta três ícones, sendo um de acesso apenas do terapeuta e dois de interesse do paciente, informando os exercícios a serem realizados e sua evolução. O fonoaudiólogo tem a opção de cadastrar cada exercício (frequência diária e semanal), cadastrar alarmes para lembrar o paciente de utilizar a nova fala, e checar o desempenho do paciente. Conclusão: o aplicativo possibilita o monitoramento dos treinos realizados fora do atendimento presencial, motivando o paciente a dar continuidade à prática da fala nova fora do ambiente de terapia.

Introduction: during cleft palate speech therapy there is a need for strategies that motivate the patient and promote adherence to treatment. Mobile apps are an important tool for this purpose. Objective: To develop an application to help execution of speech exercises fostering use of new speech patterns established during speech therapy in cleft lip and palate. Methods: the creation and execution of a mobile device application were planned by the Speech-Language-Pathology team, who proposed functions for the App that would help in the therapeutic process, including: registry of exercises, inserting alerts for use of the new speech and checklist of activities. The computer team developed and improved the system, raised and organized its requirements, planned the development and use of resources (hardware and software). Results: the application was developed for the Android system and has been called ''New Speech, Easy Training''. To access the App, the patient downloads the application in the play store in the Android system of his phone or tablet. The first screen presents three icons: one for the therapist and two for the patient, informing the exercises and their evolution. The therapist can register each exercise (daily and weekly frequency), can program alarms to remind the patient to use the new speech, and can check the patient's performance. Conclusion: the application favors monitoring patients' performance during the home practices, motivating the patient to continue the use of new speech outside the therapy environment.

[Eugenics and education in twentieth-century Brazil: an interview with Jerry Dávila]. / Eugenia e educação no Brasil do século XX: entrevista com Jerry Dávila.

A Brazilianist, historian, and specialist in the relationships between eugenics, race, and education, the director of the Lemann Institute, Jerry Dávila, shares in this interview some of his experiences as a scholar of these subjects. In Diploma of whiteness, a book that had major repercussions and circulated widely amongst Brazilian researchers, he examined how race and eugenics influenced Brazilian education between 1917 and 1945. Dávila highlights the challenges facing eugenics research at the present time, his impressions of the seminar "History of eugenics: broadening perspectives" held by Casa de Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz in 2015, in which he took part, and his latest research interests.

Homozygous missense mutation in MED25 segregates with syndromic intellectual disability in a large consanguineous family.

BACKGROUND: Intellectual disability (ID) is a highly heterogeneous condition affecting 2% of the population worldwide. In a field study conducted in a highly inbred area of Northeastern Brazil, we investigated a consanguineous family in which seven adults presented syndromic ID. METHODS: Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0 (Affymetrix) microarray was used to determine regions of homozygosity-by-descent and whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in one affected individual using Extended Nextera Rapid-Capture Exome and Illumina HiSeq2500. RESULTS: We found two regions with an logarithm of the odds (LOD) score of 3.234: a region spanning 4.0 Mb in 19q13.32-q13.33 and a pericentromeric 20 Mb area in chromosome 2 (2p12-q11.2). WES disclosed in the critical region of chromosome 19 a homozygous variant (c.418C>T, p.Arg140Trp) in Mediator complex subunit 25 (MED25), predicted as deleterious by PolyPhen-2, Provean, Mutation Taster and Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant (SIFT). MED25 is a component of the Mediator complex, involved in regulation of transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Deleterious mutations in MED12, MED17 and MED23 have already been associated with ID. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that the combination of field investigation of families in highly inbred regions with modern technologies is an effective way for identifying new genes associated with ID.

Anatomo-clinical and molecular description of liver neotropical echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus oligarthrus in human host.

Since humans rarely play the role as Echinococcus oligarthrus host, there is lack of knowledge about the complex infectious process. Only three cases have been reported to occur in humans in the neotropics until now. We present the anatomo-clinical and molecular findings describing a new case of infection by E. oligarthrus in a man. The muscular or subcutaneous tissues tropism described for this species in the previously reported cases was not present, but a liver tropism was observed. Additionally, the larval stage rostellar hooks morphometry differed from E. oligarthrus in the other human cases.

Hanseníase em menores de 15 anos: a importância do exame de contato / Leprosy in children under 15 years: the importance of early diagnosis / Enfermedad de Hansen en menores de 15 años: la importancia del examen de contacto

Descrever dois casos de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos, sendo um de paciente com 18 meses de idade e outro de 13 anos, diagnosticados por modos de detecção diferentes, ressaltando a importância de examinar os contatos. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Um dos casos foi diagnosticado precocemente por meio do exame de contatos intradomiciliares, enquanto o outro foi diagnosticado por demanda espontânea após quatro anos de aparecimento das lesões e, apesar de ser contato de um ex-paciente, não foi examinado na época. COMENTÁRIOS: Em países endêmicos, a alta detecção da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos revela a persistência na transmissão do bacilo e as dificuldades dos programas de saúde para o controle da doença. O maior tempo para diagnóstico ocasiona sequelas e deformidades e, dessa forma, a busca dos contatos constitui importante método para o diagnóstico precoce da doença na infância, quando os sinais clínicos nem sempre são fáceis de serem identificados e há grande diversidade de formas clínicas em que a doença pode se apresentar.

To describe two cases of leprosy in children under 15 years old, being one patient aged with 18 months and other 13 years, diagnosed by different modes of detection, emphasizing the importance of examining the contacts. CASE DESCRIPTION: One of the cases was diagnosed early by examining household contacts, while the other was diagnosed by spontaneous demand, after four years of the onset of lesions, although he had been a former patient contact who was not examined at the time. COMMENTS: In endemic countries, the high detection of leprosy in children under 15 years old reveals the persistence of the bacillus transmission and the difficulties encountered by public health programs to control the disease. Delay in leprosy diagnosis leads to sequels and deformities and, thus, the search for contacts is important as an effective method for early diagnosis of the disease in childhood, where clinical signs are not always easy to be identified due to the great variety of clinical forms in which the disease may occur.

Describir dos casos de enfermedad de Hansen en menores de 15 años, siendo uno de paciente con 18 meses de edad y otro de 13 años, diagnosticados por modos de detección distintos, subrayando la importancia de examinar a los contactos. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL CASO: Uno de los casos tuvo diagnóstico temprano mediante examen de contactos intradomiciliares, mientras que el otro fue diagnosticado por demanda espontánea después de cuatro años de surgimiento de las lesiones y, a pesar de ser contacto de un ex-paciente, no fue examinado en la época. COMENTARIOS: En países endémicos, la alta detección de enfermedad de Hansen en menores de 15 años revela la persistencia en la transmisión del bacilo y las dificultades de los programas de salud para el control de la enfermedad. El mayor tiempo para diagnóstico ocasiona secuelas y deformidades y, de ese modo, la búsqueda por los contactos constituye importante método para el diagnóstico temprano de la enfermedad en la infancia, cuando las señales clínicas no siempre son fáciles de identificarse y hay gran diversidad de formas clínicas en que la enfermedad puede presentarse.

Enzymatic biodiesel synthesis using a byproduct obtained from palm oil refining.

An alternative route to produce biodiesel is based on esterification of free fatty acids present in byproducts obtained from vegetable oil refining, such as palm oil fatty acid distillate (PFAD). PFAD is a byproduct of the production of edible palm oil, which contains 96 wt.% of free fatty acids. The purpose of this work was to study biodiesel synthesis via esterification of PFAD with methanol and ethanol, catalyzed by commercial immobilized lipases (Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM-IM, and Lipozyme TL-IM), in a solvent-free system. The effects of reaction parameters such as type of lipase, enzyme amount, type of alcohol, alcohol amount, and enzyme reuse were studied. Fatty acid conversion of 93% was obtained after 2.5 h of esterification reaction between PFAD and ethanol using 1.0 wt.% of Novozym 435 at 60°C.

Envenomation caused by the consumption of pufferfish liver / Intoxicação causada por consumo de fígado de baiacu

to report case of poisoning by consumption of the liver of the fresh water baiacu(puffer fish), reported in Toxicological Information Center (CIT) in Belém, Pará, whichoccurred in 2008. Case report: female, 37 years, in July 2008, after ingestion of liver of themarine baiacu presented continuous emesis, gastric fullness, dyspnea, cephalalgia, dizziness,sialorrhea, dysphagia and paresthesia in the lower limbs. Symptomatic treatment was indicated,treatment support, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, saline cathartic and clinical care. Whencured, patient was discharged. Final Considerations: alert health professionals to the risks ofconsumption of aquatic poisonous animals.

relatar caso de intoxicação pelo consumo do fígado do peixe baiacú (Colomesusasellus), descrevendo a sintomatologia dos agravos ocorridos com a paciente notificada noCentro de Informações Toxicológicas (CIT) em Belém-Pará, ocorrido no ano de 2008. Relatode caso: sexo feminino, 37 anos, apresentou em 14 de julho de 2008 êmese incoercível,indigestão, dispneia, cefaleia, tontura, sialorreia intensa, dificuldade de deglutição e parestesianos membros inferiores. A paciente havia ingerido fígado do baiacu, peixe venenoso. Foiindicado tratamento sintomático, tratamento de suporte, lavagem gástrica, carvão ativado,catártico salino e observação clinica. A paciente evoluiu com alta médica. Consideraçõesfinais: alertar os profissionais de saúde para os riscos do consumo de animais marinhosvenenosos

Enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel via alcoholysis of palm oil.

The enzymatic alcoholysis of crude palm oil with methanol and ethanol was investigated using commercial immobilized lipases (Lipozyme RM IM, Lipozyme TL IM). The effect of alcohol (methanol or ethanol), molar ratio of alcohol to crude palm oil, and temperature on biodiesel production was determined. The best ethyl ester yield was about 25 wt.% and was obtained with ethanol/oil molar ratio of 3.0, temperature of 50 degrees C, enzyme concentration of 3.0 wt.%, and stepwise addition of the alcohol after 4 h of reaction. Experiments with 1 and 3 wt.% of KOH and 3 wt.% of MgO were carried out to compare their catalytic behavior with the enzymatic transesterification results. The commercial immobilized lipase, Lipozyme TL IM, showed the best catalytic performance.